Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri zokhudza chifuwa chachikulu. Musachite mantha, tiyeni tikambirane!

Mwina munamvapo za chifuwa chachikulu, sichoncho? Anthu ena amachitchanso 'TB'. Kale, ichi chinkaonedwa ngati matenda oopsa, ndipo anthu ambiri ankachita mantha nacho. Koma kodi mukudziwa, popeza tsopano sayansi ya zamankhwala yapita patsogolo kwambiri, ngati matendawa atazindikirika msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, palibe chifukwa choopera. Lero, tikambirana za matenda awa, kutanthauza '(TB)', momwe amakulira, zizindikiro zake ndi ziti , momwe mungadzitetezere ku matendawa, komanso momwe mungawachiritsire, mosavuta komanso mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi chifuwa chachikulu ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu winawake wa mabakiteriya. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha mabakiteriya awa `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)` . Iyi ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri komwe sitingathe kuwona ndi maso athu.

Kawirikawiri, kachilombo ka TB kameneka kamakhudza kwambiri mapapo athu. Komabe, sikuti kokha, nthawi zina kamakhudzanso ziwalo zina za thupi monga impso, msana, ndi ubongo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake iyi ndi matenda omwe amafunika kusamalidwa.

Mukudziwa, kale, cha m'ma 1800, chifuwa chachikulu chinali matenda oopsa komanso oopsa kwambiri. Koma pambuyo pake, pamene miyoyo ya anthu inali kusintha ndipo analandira chithandizo chabwino chaumoyo, matendawa anachepa pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, posachedwapa, chidwi chatsopano pa matendawa chawonjezeka. Makamaka,

• Kwa iwo omwe amakhala m'malo omwe anthu ena amakhala pafupi kwambiri (monga m'misasa ya ndende, m'misasa ya othawa kwawo).
• Kwa iwo omwe adapita kumayiko omwe chifuwa chachikulu cha TB chili chofala.
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Tangoganizirani, munthu amene chitetezo chake chamthupi chafooka chifukwa cha matenda monga ``(kachilombo ka HIV)'' ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa.

Chifukwa cha mfundo ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za chifuwa chachikulu.

Kodi chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda opatsiranadi? Kodi chimafalikira bwanji?

Inde, chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda opatsirana . Ndicho chinthu choyamba chomwe tiyenera kumvetsetsa.

Ngati mukuganiza momwe imafalikira, nazi zomwe zimachitika: Munthu amene ali ndi TB yosachiritsidwa akatsokomola, kuyetsemula, kulankhula, kapena kuimba, madontho ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mabakiteriya a TB amatulutsidwa mumlengalenga kuchokera m'njira zawo zopumira. Monga fumbi. Kenako, ngati munthu wathanzi apuma mpweya wokhala ndi mabakiteriya, amathanso kutenga kachilomboka.

Kumbukirani kuti matendawa amafalikira kwambiri m'nyumba momwe muli zitseko ndi mawindo otsekedwa, mpweya wochepa, komanso anthu ambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala m'malo omwe muli mpweya wabwino.

Koma palinso chinthu china chomwe muyenera kudziwa. Si aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka TB amene adzadwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si aliyense amene adzakhale ndi zizindikiro. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amagawa TB m'magulu awiri:

1. Matenda a TB obisika :

• Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndichakuti mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu alowa m'thupi, koma mabakiteriyawo "sagona."
• Anthu awa sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse . Sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali ndi matendawa.
• Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti anthuwa asafalitse matendawa kwa ena .
• Komabe, ngati anthuwa salandira chithandizo choyenera, pali kuthekera kuti mabakiteriya "ogona" tsiku lina "adzadzuka" ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa kuti athe kupatsira ena.

2. Chifuwa chachikulu (`matenda a TB`) :

• Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndichakuti mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu omwe alowa m'thupi amayamba kugwira ntchito ndikuyambitsa matendawa.
• Anthu awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi chifuwa chachikulu .
• Anthu awa amatha kufalitsa matendawa mosavuta kwa ena .

Kodi mukumvetsa kusiyana kumeneku? Mu `Matenda a TB Obisika`, kachilombo kamapezeka m'thupi, koma matendawa sapezeka ndipo safalikira. Koma mu `Matenda a TB`, matendawa amapezeka ndipo amafalikira.

Kodi zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu (matenda a TB). Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi chimodzi mwa izi kapena zingapo, muyenera kufunsa upangiri wa dokotala.

• Chifuwa : Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri chimatenga milungu iwiri kapena itatu . Nthawi zina, chifuwacho chingabweretse magazi pang'ono pamodzi ndi ntchofu.
• Kutuluka thukuta usiku : Sikuti kungotuluka thukuta kokha, komanso kutuluka thukuta kwambiri moti mapepala amanyowa.
• Malungo kapena kuzizira : Mungamve kutentha madzulo kapena usiku.
• Kutopa ndi kutopa : Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse, ngakhale osagwira ntchito iliyonse.
• Kusowa chilakolako cha kudya : Kutaya chilakolako chonse chofuna kudya.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa : Mungamve kupweteka pachifuwa mukapuma kapena mukutsokomola.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa : Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwachepetsa thupi, ngakhale simukulamulira zakudya zanu kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chimenechonso ndi chizindikiro choti mudandaule nacho.

Musamaope chifuwa chachikulu chifukwa chakuti muli ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikirozi. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala kukayezetsa.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi chifuwa chachikulu?

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Chabwino, ngati izi ndi zizindikiro, kodi dokotala angadziwe bwanji kuti ndi TB?" Madokotala amayesa `matenda a TB obisika` ndi `matenda a TB`. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yoyesera:

1. Kuyesa khungu la Tuberculin (TST) :

• Anthu ena amatchanso izi kuti "Mantoux test." Mayesowa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuti awone ngati ana aang'ono ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
• Izi zimachitika m'magawo awiri.
• Gawo loyamba: Madzi ochepa kwambiri otchedwa ``tuberculin'' amalowetsedwa pakhungu pansi pa mkono wanu. Sizimapweteka kwambiri.
• Gawo 2 : Kenako muyenera kuonananso ndi dokotala wanu pakatha maola 48 mpaka 72 (ndiye kuti masiku awiri kapena atatu). Kenako dokotala kapena wogwira ntchito zachipatala adzayang'ana malo omwe mankhwalawo adabayidwa kuti awone ngati pali vuto lililonse pakhungu.
• Ngati khungu lako lili ndi mamba, lofiira, komanso lolimba pang'ono, zikutanthauza kuti uli ndi mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu m'thupi lako.

2. Kuyezetsa magazi :

• Izi zikuphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha magazi anu, ndikutumiza ku labu kuti akayesedwe ngati ali ndi mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu.

Ngati mayeso a pakhungu ndi magazi ali ``positive``, kutanthauza kuti zotsatira zake ndi "inde, mabakiteriya ali m'thupi mwanu," dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti mupimidwe X-ray pachifuwa . Akhozanso kuyitanitsa mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire ngati muli ndi ``matenda a TB obisika`` kapena ``matenda a TB``. Mwachitsanzo, mungapemphedwe kuti muyesere makoswe.

Kodi chifuwa chachikulu chimachiritsidwa bwanji? Palibe choopa!

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali mankhwala othandiza a chifuwa chachikulu! Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba. Kugonekedwa kuchipatala ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati pali milandu yapadera kwambiri.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amachiritsa chifuwa chachikulu ndi mankhwala omwa, omwe ndi osakaniza maantibayotiki . Koma pali chinthu china chomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

Zimatenga nthawi kuti mabakiteriya a TB aphedwe kotheratu, kotero muyenera kumwa mankhwala onse kwa nthawi yonse (miyezi ingapo, mwina miyezi 6 kapena kuposerapo) yomwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.

Ngakhale zizindikiro zanu zitachepa kapena mukumva bwino, musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu mpaka dokotala wanu atakuuzani kuti muchite zimenezo. Imeneyo ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yophera mabakiteriya owopsa. Ngati musiya kumwa mankhwala anu pakati kapena simunamwe bwino, izi ndi zomwe zimachitika: Mabakiteriya omwe amatsala m'thupi lanu amakhala okana maantibayotiki, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwapha. Izi zingayambitse mitundu yoopsa komanso yovuta kuchiza chifuwa chachikulu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu akunenera.

Kodi tingatani kuti tipewe chifuwa chachikulu?

"Ndi bwino kupewa matenda kusiyana ndi kuwachiza akachitika." Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zosavuta zomwe tingachite kuti tipewe matenda a chifuwa chachikulu, komanso matenda ena ambiri. Zingakhale bwino ngati aliyense m'banja mwanu atsatira izi:

• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino: Nthawi zonse muzisamba m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi, makamaka musanadye, mutagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, komanso mutatuluka panja.
• Phimbani pakamwa ndi mphuno yanu ndi pepala kapena chigongono chanu mukamayetsemula kapena kutsokomola: Musagwiritse ntchito manja anu. Izi zitha kufalitsa majeremusi m'manja mwanu ndi pamalo ena omwe mumagwira.
• Musagwiritse ntchito matawulo anu, magalasi omwera, kapena ziwiya zodyera ndi ena . Ndi bwino kuti aliyense agwiritse ntchito zinthu zake.
• Pewani anthu odwala momwe mungathere : Samalani kwambiri mukakhala m'malo omwe muli anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa ndi chimfine.

Kutsatira zizolowezi zimenezi kudzakuthandizani kudziteteza ku chifuwa chachikulu, komanso matenda ena ambiri.

Pa nthawi ngati imeneyi, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala!

Pomaliza, tiyeni tiwone nthawi yomwe muyenera kupita kwa dokotala. Ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, chonde funsani upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu:

• Ngati mwakhala mukukumana ndi munthu amene ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu (monga kukhala m'nyumba imodzi, kugwira ntchito pamalo amodzi).
• Ngati muli ndi malungo omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali .
• Ngati umatulutsa thukuta kwambiri usiku .
• Ngati muli ndi chifuwa chokhalitsa kapena ngati mukutsokomola magazi pamodzi ndi ntchofu .
• Ngati mukuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa .

Ngati mukuona chinthu chonga ichi, musaganize kuti, "Mwina izi ndi zangozi chabe." Mukapita kwa dokotala mwachangu ndikuyesedwa, mutha kuzindikira matenda aliwonse msanga ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri zokhudza chifuwa chachikulu, sichoncho? Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuzikumbukira pa zonsezi ndi izi:

• Chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe amakhudza kwambiri mapapo.
• Imafalikira popuma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timatuluka mumlengalenga munthu wodwala akatsokomola kapena kuyetsemula.
• Samalani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa chomwe chimatenga milungu yoposa iwiri, thukuta usiku, kutentha thupi, komanso kuchepa thupi .
• Pali mayeso a pakhungu (TST) ndi mayeso a magazi kuti adziwe chifuwa chachikulu.
• Pali mankhwala othandiza a chifuwa chachikulu (`Maantibayotiki`) . Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwalawo nthawi yonse yomwe dokotala wakupatsani. Kupanda kutero, kukana mankhwala kungakule.
• Kuchita zinthu zabwino pa thanzi kumathandiza kupewa chifuwa chachikulu.

Kumbukirani, chifuwa chachikulu si chinthu choopa, koma chinthu chodetsa nkhawa nacho. Ngati chapezeka msanga ndikuchiritsidwa bwino, chingachiritsidwe kwathunthu. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Chifuwa chachikulu , Chifuwa chachikulu, Chifuwa chachikulu, Matenda a m'mapapo, Matenda opatsirana, Zizindikiro za Chifuwa chachikulu, Chithandizo cha Chifuwa chachikulu