Chimfine, ziwengo, kapena chimfine chomwe chimabwera ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi, chifuwa, mphuno yotsekeka, ndi maso oyabwa zingakhale zovuta kwambiri, sichoncho? Nthawi ngati izi, dokotala wanu angakupatseni madzi apadera kuti athetse zizindikirozi. Lero, tikulankhula za madzi opangidwa kuchokera ku mankhwala atatu amphamvu. Ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino lomwe kuti mutetezeke.
Kodi mankhwala awa ndi chiyani? Kunena zoona...
Mankhwalawa ndi osakaniza zinthu zitatu zazikulu. Chilichonse chimagwira ntchito yosiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
1. Promethazine: Uwu ndi mtundu wa mankhwala oletsa kutupa . Mwachidule, umathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ziwengo. Mwachitsanzo, umachepetsa zinthu monga maso ofiira, kuyabwa, ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi.
2. Phenylephrine: Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa kutsekeka kwa mpweya . Izi zikutanthauza kuti imachepetsa kupanikizika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mphuno ndi mamina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kwanu kukhale kosavuta.
3. Codeine: Iyi ndi mankhwala amphamvu oletsa chifuwa omwe ali m'gulu la opioid . Imagwira ntchito mwachindunji pa ubongo, kulamulira zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa kutsokomola.
Kodi mukumvetsa? Uwu ndi mankhwala osakaniza omwe amachiritsa zizindikiro zingapo nthawi imodzi (chifuwa, ziphuphu, kutsekeka kwa mphuno, ziwengo). Ndicho chifukwa chake tiyenera kusamala kwambiri tikamagwiritsa ntchito.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwalawa
Ndikofunikira kuti dokotala wanu adziwe mbiri yanu yonse ya matenda musanapereke mankhwala awa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kungakhale koopsa ndi matenda enaake. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa omwe ali pansipa, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.
| Matenda kapena vuto | N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwitsa? |
|---|---|
| Mphumu kapena matenda ena opumira | Chifukwa mankhwalawo angapangitse kuti kupuma kukhale kovuta. |
| Matenda a shuga | Zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kokwera kapena kotsika, matenda a mtima | Kuthamanga kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zingakhudzidwe. |
| Glaucoma (kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'diso) | Kupanikizika kwa maso kungawonjezeke kwambiri. |
| Matenda a chiwindi kapena impso | Zingakhale zovuta kuchotsa mankhwalawo m'thupi. |
| Matenda a chithokomiro | Zizindikiro zimatha kukulirakulira. |
| Mbiri ya kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa zotsatira zoopsa. |
| Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa | Chifukwa zingakhale zoopsa kwa mwana. |
| Kutupa kwa mankhwala ena, zakudya, kapena zinthu zina | Pali kuthekera kwa kukhala ndi vuto la ziwengo ndi mankhwalawa. |
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Tiyeni tidziwe bwino momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa.
- Imwani mlingo wolembedwa ndi dokotala wanu: Imwani mlingo wolembedwa ndi dokotala wanu, panthawi yolembedwa. Musawonjezere mlingowo mopanda tsankho.
- Muyeso wolondola: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Musagwiritse ntchito supuni za tiyi kapena supuni zapakhomo poyeza mankhwala. Sizolondola. Gwiritsani ntchito chikho kapena supuni yapadera yoyezera yomwe imabwera ndi mankhwala. Tsukani bwino mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
- Ndi chakudya kapena ayi:Izi zitha kumwedwa musanadye kapena mutadya, koma ngati mukumva kupweteka m'mimba, ndi bwino kuzimwa pamodzi ndi chakudya.
- Musapatse ana: Mankhwalawa saloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana. Chifukwa chake, musawapatse ana popanda upangiri wapadera wochokera kwa dokotala.
- Ngati mwaphonya mlingo: Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yanu yotsatira yayandikira, dumphani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wanu wotsatira panthawi yomwe mwakonza. Musamwe milingo iwiri nthawi imodzi.
Nanga bwanji ngati nditamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo, musazengereze. Pitani ku Chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) chapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Kapena imbani National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze malangizo.
Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu nokha. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, musapatse wina aliyense mankhwala anu, ngakhale atakhala ndi zizindikiro zomwezo monga inu.
Mankhwala ena omwe angagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa (Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala)
Muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Mankhwala ena akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa akaphatikizidwa ndi awa.
| Musatenge izi! | |
|---|---|
| Mowa | Zimayambitsa matenda oopsa monga kugona kwambiri komanso kupuma movutikira. |
| MAOIs (gulu lakale la mankhwala a matenda amisala) | Zinthu zoopsa monga kuthamanga kwa magazi zingachitike. |
| Mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu kapena chifuwa a opioid | Chiwopsezo cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso n'chokwera kwambiri. |
| Samalani mukamamwa mankhwalawa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena (uzani dokotala wanu ). | |
| Mankhwala oletsa tulo, nkhawa, ndi kuvutika maganizo | Kuchulukitsa kwambiri kugona ndi chizungulire. |
| Mankhwala ena a ziwengo kapena chimfine | Zotsatira zake zitha kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu ndipo zotsatira zake zimatha kuchulukira. |
| Maantibayotiki ena ndi ma fungicides | Mlingo wa mankhwala m'thupi ukhoza kukwera moopsa. |
Mndandandawu sunathe, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi zowonjezera zakudya) .
Mfundo zapadera zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa mukamamwa mankhwala
- Kugona ndi chizungulire: Izi ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu za mankhwalawa. Choncho, musayendetse galimoto, kugwira ntchito pamalo okwera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina mpaka mutadziwa bwino momwe mankhwalawa amakukhudzirani. Samalani mukadzuka pampando wokhala pansi kapena wodzuka pabedi, makamaka ngati ndinu okalamba. Chizungulire chingachitike ndipo mungagwe.
- Kudzimbidwa: Codeine yomwe ili mu mankhwalawa ingayambitse kudzimbidwa. Kuti mupewe izi, imwani madzi ambiri ndikudya zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri (zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba). Ngati simungathe kupita kuchimbudzi kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, uzani dokotala wanu.
- Pakamwa pouma ndi maso ouma: Ngati pakamwa panu pali pouma, kutafuna chingamu chopanda shuga ndi kumwa madzi ambiri kungathandize. Ngati maso anu sakumasuka, makamaka ngati mukuvala ma contact lens, funsani dokotala wanu za kugwiritsa ntchito madontho opaka mafuta.
- Kumva ku dzuwa: Mankhwalawa angapangitse khungu lanu kukhala losamva ku dzuwa (photosensitivity). Choncho, chepetsani kukhudzana ndi dzuwa kwambiri momwe mungathere. Ngati mupita, valani zovala zophimba khungu lanu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta abwino oteteza ku dzuwa.
- Kulekerera: Ngati mupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, thupi lanu likhoza kuzolowera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakapita nthawi, mpumulo wa chifuwa ungachepe. Komanso, si bwino kusiya kumwa mwadzidzidzi. Kuchita zimenezi kungakhale kovuta. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.Kuledzera ndi chinthu china. Ngati dokotala akufuna kuti musiye kumwa mankhwalawo, adzachita zimenezi mwa kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mlingo wake.
Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwalawa
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu | |
|---|---|
| Ziwengo zoopsa | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi (kungayambitse kupuma movutikira). |
| Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha yapakati (CNS depression) | Kupuma pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'ono, kugona kwambiri, kutaya chidziwitso, komanso kuvutika kudzuka. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira, kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha. |
| Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi | Kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi (chizungulire, kukomoka). |
| Kusuntha kosalamulirika (EPS) | Kuuma kwa minofu, kunjenjemera, kusakhazikika, komanso kuvutika kuyenda. |
| Mavuto a masomphenya | Kupweteka kwa maso mwadzidzidzi, kusawona bwino, kuona mphete mozungulira magetsi. |
| Kawirikawiri si nkhani yaikulu, koma ngati ikupitirira, uzani dokotala wanu. | |
| Kugona, chizungulire | Pakamwa pouma |
| Kudzimbidwa | Mutu |
| Kusanza, kusanza | Kusowa tulo kapena kusakhazikika |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Uwu ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe amakhudza zizindikiro zingapo nthawi imodzi ndipo ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala walangiza.
- Pewani kuyendetsa galimoto ndi zochita zoopsa zomwe zimafuna kusamala, chifukwa kugona kwambiri kungachitike mukumwa mankhwala.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse, mavitamini, ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe omwe mukumwa.
- Pewani kumwa mowa kotheratu mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Ndi oopsa kwambiri.
- Ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kapena mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, pitani ku dipatimenti yazadzidzidzi ya chipatala (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- Sungani mankhwalawa pamalo otetezeka omwe ana ndi ziweto sangafikire. Musagawire mankhwala anu ndi ena.
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