Spravato (Esketamine) - Mankhwala atsopano a kuvutika maganizo omwe sanachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala!

Kuvutika maganizo sikumva chisoni kokha, koma ndi matenda omwe amafunikira chithandizo. Nthawi zina, ngakhale atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana oletsa kuvutika maganizo, kuvutika maganizo kwa anthu ena sikuchira. Mtundu uwu wa matenda umatchedwa kuvutika maganizo kosachiritsika ndi chithandizo. Lero, tikulankhula za njira yamakono yothandizira anthu otere komanso omwe akuvutika ndi kuvutika maganizo kwambiri ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha.

Kodi Spravato ndi chiyani? Imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Spravato ndi mankhwala opopera m'mphuno omwe ali ndi mankhwala otchedwa esketamine . Ndi mankhwala ovomerezedwa ndi US FDA mu 2019.

Mwina munamvapo kale dzina lakuti ketamine . Ketamine ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) ngati mankhwala ochepetsa ululu komanso oletsa ululu m'zipatala. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'zipatala za ziweto. Mwina munamvapo dzinali chifukwa anthu ena amaligwiritsa ntchito molakwika kuti adwale kwambiri ndipo amaona zinthu zisanachitikepo.

Spravato ndi mtundu wapadera wa ketamine. Mwachidule, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pa ma receptors muubongo mwathu otchedwa N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors . Kudzera mu izi, amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo mwa kusintha mankhwala omwe amakhudza momwe timamvera.

Kodi munadziwa bwanji kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza?

Maphunziro anayi azachipatala achitika kuti ayesere chitetezo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa Spravato. Maphunziro awa adaphatikizapo akuluakulu azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 64.

Anagwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera yowerengera kuti ayesere kuopsa kwa kuvutika maganizo komanso kusintha kwa zizindikiro. Imatchedwa Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) . Ndi mafunso 10. Amafunsa zinthu monga momwe munthu akumvera, kumva kuti ali ndi mlandu, kugona tulo tofa nato, ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha. Ziwerengerozo zimayambira pa 0 mpaka 60, ndipo zigoli zambiri zimasonyeza kuvutika maganizo kwambiri . Pambuyo pa chithandizo, zigoli za MADRS zikachepa kwambiri, zigoli zimachepa, zomwe zimasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro.

Kodi zotsatira za maphunzirowa ndi zotani?

Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti anthu omwe adagwiritsa ntchito Spravato adachepetsa kwambiri zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo. Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti omwe adapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito Spravato adachedwa kubwereranso zizindikiro.

Chodabwitsa pa izi ndichakuti Spravato imachepetsa kwambiri zizindikiro mkati mwa maola 24 okha kuchokera pamene yagwiritsidwa ntchito . Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo amatenga milungu ingapo kuti awonetse zotsatira zake. Chifukwa chake, izi zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri pakagwa ngozi.

Kodi Spravato ingagwirizane ndi mankhwala ena?

Inde, muyenera kusamala ndi mankhwala ena mukamamwa Spravato.

• Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: Spravato ikhoza kuonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi kwakanthawi. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena ochepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, monga monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) , kapena mankhwala opatsa mphamvu kuti muchepetse kusokonezeka kwa chidwi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zonse.
• Mankhwala omwe amayambitsa kugona ndi chizungulire: Spravato ingayambitse kugona ndi chizungulire. Zotsatirapo izi zitha kuipiraipira ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amaletsa dongosolo la mitsempha, monga benzodiazepines (monga alprazolam, clonazepam), opioids (mankhwala opha ululu), ndi mowa .

Kodi ndingapeze bwanji chithandizo cha Spravato?

Iyi si mankhwala omwe mungagule ku pharmacy ndikupita nawo kunyumba kuti mukagwiritse ntchito.

Chifukwa cha zotsatirapo zake komanso chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito Spravato molakwika, chithandizochi chingaperekedwe kokha m'malo ochiritsira ovomerezeka . Malo awa ayenera kulembetsedwa pansi pa pulogalamu yapadera yotchedwa Spravato REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy).

1. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu: Ngati mukufuna chithandizochi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kapena katswiri wa matenda amisala.

2. Kutumiza Chithandizo kwa Dokotala: Ngati dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti Spravato ndi yoyenera kwa inu, adzakutumizani ku chipatala chovomerezeka.

3. Kufunsira: Kenako mudzapatsidwa upangiri ku malo ochiritsira. Kumeneko, madokotala adzafufuzanso vuto lanu ndikusankha ngati izi ndi zoyenera kwa inu.

4. Kuyamba chithandizo: Ngati zonse zili bwino, chithandizo chingayambe pa ulendo wanu wachiwiri.

Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji Spravato?

Izi zimatengedwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata, ku malo ovomerezeka, moyang'aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala .

• Mlingo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito: Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani mlingo womwe mukufuna. Adzakuphunzitsaninso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala opopera m'mphuno.
• Chakudya ndi madzi: Popeza mankhwalawa angayambitse nseru ndi kusanza, ndi bwino kupewa kudya maola awiri musanayambe chithandizo ndi kumwa madzi mphindi 30 musanayambe .
• Nthawi yowonera:Mukatha kumwa Spravato, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani kwa maola osachepera awiri kuti aone ngati pali kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zotsatirapo zina.
• Kuyendetsa Galimoto: Mankhwalawa angakhudze momwe mumaganizira komanso luso lanu lopanga zisankho pa tsiku la chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonza zoti wina akutengereni kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala . Ndi bwino kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kuchita ntchito zina zomwe zimafuna kusamala tsiku lotsatira mutagona bwino usiku.

Kodi zotsatira zake ndi ziti ndipo zingapewedwe bwanji?

Spravato ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake imaperekedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuyang'anira.

• Kugona ndi kusokonezeka maganizo: Kugona kwambiri, chizungulire, kukomoka, ndi kusokonezeka maganizo kungachitike.
• Kuvuta kupuma: Kupuma kungakhale pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'ono. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati muli ndi matenda ena opuma kapena mukumwa mankhwala ena omwe amachedwetsa kupuma kwanu.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungakwere kwakanthawi kwa maola pafupifupi 4 mutamwa mankhwala. Ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, mutu waukulu, kusintha kwa masomphenya, kapena khunyu , uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo .
• Kuwonjezeka kwa malingaliro ofuna kudzipha: Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, pali chiopsezo chochepa chakuti anthu ena angakhale ndi maganizo ofuna kudzipha kapena zochita zambiri panthawi yoyamba kumwa Spravato. Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mwasintha khalidwe lanu kapena maganizo anu.

Pakagwa ngozi, imbani Suwa Saryya Ambulance Service pa 1990 , kapena imbani foni yothandizira anthu odwala matenda amisala pa 1926. Kapena pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) .