Kodi mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza biopsy ya chithokomiro?

"Biopsy"! Mungamve mantha pang'ono mukamva mawu awa, eti? Zimenezo ndi zachilendo. Koma, kunena zoona, iyi ndi njira ina yofunika kwambiri yomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira matenda. Monga momwe timachitira mayeso a magazi ndi X-ray. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za tanthauzo la thyroid biopsy, momwe imachitikira, komanso ngati pali chilichonse choopa.

Kodi biopsy ya chithokomiro ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Taganizirani izi motere: Chithokomiro chanu ndi kachiwalo kakang'ono kooneka ngati gulugufe komwe kali kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu. Chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lanu, makamaka kupanga mahomoni omwe amawongolera kagayidwe kanu ka thupi. Kuyeza chithokomiro ndi njira yomwe imaphatikizapo kutenga zitsanzo zochepa kwambiri za maselo kapena madzi ochokera ku chithokomiro chanu ndikuyesa. Izi zingathandize madokotala kuzindikira matenda ena a chithokomiro.

Kodi biopsy ya chithokomiro imachitika liti?

Si mavuto onse a chithokomiro omwe amafunika kuchitidwa biopsy. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limapezeka poyesa magazi ndi zotsatira za kujambula. Komabe, ngati dokotala wanu apeza kuti pali timibulu ta chithokomiro, angakulimbikitseni kuti mutenge biopsy.

Tiyeni tikambirane pang'ono za timibulu ta chithokomiro.

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti tinthu ta thyroid timeneti ndi chiyani. Izi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tolimba kapena todzaza madzi tomwe timapanga mkati mwa chithokomiro. Timawoneka ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'thupi, sichoncho? Inde. Tinthu tambirimbiri timeneti ndi topanda vuto, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti si khansa. Komabe, chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri, pakati pa 5% ndi 15%, chingakhale khansa.

Choncho, kuyezetsa chithokomiro kungathandize dokotala wanu kudziwa chomwe chinayambitsa chotupacho komanso ngati chili chosaopsa kapena china chake chodetsa nkhawa. Makamaka, madokotala amatha kuchita kuyezetsa chithokomirocho ngati chotupacho chili chachikulu kuposa sentimita imodzi (pafupifupi mainchesi 0.39) .

Kodi kuyezetsa chithokomiro kumachitika bwanji? Kodi njira zake ndi ziti?

Pali njira zitatu zazikulu zochitira biopsy iyi. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Njira yoyezera singano (FNA)

Uwu ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa biopsy wa timibulu ta chithokomiro. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito singano yayitali kwambiri (yokhala ndi gauge 22 kapena yocheperako) kuchotsa maselo ndi madzi pang'ono kuchokera ku timibulu ta chithokomiro kapena timibulu tambiri. Pochita izi, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ultrasound scan kuti atsogolere singanoyo molondola kulowa mu timibulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti scan imatsogolera singanoyo kumalo enieni. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yomwe siifuna kudula kwakukulu.

2. Njira ya Core-Sindle Biopsy (CNB)

Izi zikufanana ndi njira ya FNA, koma singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yayikulu pang'ono (14 mpaka 20-gauge diameter). Njira iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dokotala akufuna kutenga chitsanzo chachikulu cha minofu popanda kuiwononga . Njira iyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chitsanzo chomwe chapezeka ndi FNA sichikwanira kapena ngati pakufunika kudziwa zambiri.

3. Opaleshoni ya Chithokomiro cha Opaleshoni

Iyi ndi njira yosowa kwambiri. Ngati zitsanzo zomwe zatengedwa ndi FNA kapena CNB sizikudziwika bwino, kapena ngati pakufunika kudziwa zambiri, dokotala angasankhe kuchita biopsy, opaleshoni yomwe imaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pakhosi, kufikira pa chithokomiro, ndikutenga chitsanzo.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite biopsy?

Njira yokonzekera ikhoza kusiyana pang'ono kutengera mtundu wa biopsy yomwe mukuchita.

Kwa biopsy ya singano (FNA kapena CNB)

• Nthawi zambiri, pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu atakuuzani zosiyana, mutha kudya ndi kumwa mwachizolowezi.
• Komabe, ngati muli ndi mankhwala aliwonse omwe mumamwa tsiku lililonse (makamaka mankhwala ochepetsa magazi ), ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunsa dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna kuwaletsa masiku angapo musanachite biopsy.

Kwa biopsy ya opaleshoni

Ngati mukuchitidwa biopsy ngati iyi, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo omveka bwino a momwe mungakonzekerere. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo amenewo molondola.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akupatseni upangiri. Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya biopsy? Zoyenera kuyembekezera.

Nthawi zambiri, biopsy imachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito FNA kapena CNB. Tanena kale kuti nthawi zina opaleshoni imatha kuchitikanso. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika ndi njira iliyonse mwa izi.

Kufufuza kwa singano yopyapyala (FNA kapena CNB)

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala njira zochizira odwala osapita kuchipatala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo. Nazi njira zina:

1. Choyamba, mudzapatsidwa jakisoni kakang'ono (local anesthesia) kuti muchepetse ululu m'dera la khosi lanu. Kuti musamve kupweteka kwambiri.

2. Kenako, dokotala adzayika chipangizo chaching'ono chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja chotchedwa ultrasound transducer pakhosi panu. Izi zikuthandizani kuona bwino komwe kuli chithokomiro ndi chotupa.

3. Kenako, singano yayitali, yopyapyala yomwe tatchula kale imadutsa pang'onopang'ono pakhungu lanu ndikulowa mu chithokomiro.

4. Kenako, chitsanzo cha madzi ndi minofu zimachotsedwa mosamala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musasunthe konse panthawiyi.

5. Chitsanzocho chikatengedwa, singano imachotsedwa ndipo bandeji yaying'ono yonga pulasitala imayikidwa pamalo pomwe singanoyo inalowetsedwa.

6. Pomaliza, chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa kwa katswiri wa za mitsempha kuti akachiwone.

Ngati muli ndi mtedza woposa umodzi, mutha kubwereza izi kangapo. Njira yonse iyenera kutenga mphindi 10 mpaka 20.

Opaleshoni ya Chithokomiro cha Opaleshoni

Timati izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene zotsatira za FNA kapena CNB sizikudziwika bwino, kapena ngati pakufunika zambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchita opaleshoni ndi kutenga chitsanzo cha chotupa ndi/kapena minofu mwachindunji kuchokera ku chithokomiro ndikuchitumiza ku labotale.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zotani pambuyo pa biopsy?

Zotsatirapo zochepa pambuyo pa biopsy ndi monga kupweteka ndi kuvulala komwe kunayikidwa singano. Mutha kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amaperekedwa ndi dokotala, monga acetaminophen (Tylenol®) kapena ibuprofen (Motrin®), kuti muchepetse ululuwu.

Mavuto aakulu ndi osowa, koma nthawi zina, zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Kutuluka magazi
• Matenda
• Kupanga chinthu chonga chotupa.

Ngati chinthu chonga ichi chichitika, muyenera kuuza dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi zotsatira za lipoti la biopsy zikutanthauza chiyani?

Malinga ndi bungwe la American Thyroid Association, zotsatira za biopsy zitha kugawidwa m'magulu akuluakulu asanu ndi limodzi. Tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la mtundu uliwonse:

| Gulu la Zotsatira | Tanthauzo | Gawo Lotsatira Lonse |

| :- ...

| Chotupacho sichili ndi khansa | Chotupacho sichili ndi khansa. Ichi ndi chomwe chimachitika kawirikawiri (60%-70% ya milandu). | Kawirikawiri "kuyembekezera mwachidwi" ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa ultrasound mkati mwa miyezi 12. |

| Chotupa (khansa) | Chotupacho ndi khansa. (5%-15% ya milandu). |Mwina, kuchotsa opaleshoni n'kofunika.

| Zokayikitsa za Khansa | Pali mwayi waukulu wa khansa. (Nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa opaleshoni). | Nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa opaleshoni. Nthawi zina mayeso ena (monga ma molecular profiling ) angachitike. |

| Kufooka kwa Kufunika Kosatsimikizika (AUS) kapena Chilonda cha Follicular cha Kufunika Kosatsimikizika (FLUS) | Maselo ndi osazolowereka pang'ono, koma sizikudziwika ngati ali ndi khansa kapena ayi. (Akhoza kukhala khansa mu 5%-15% ya milandu). | Kubwerezabwereza biopsy, kuyezetsa kwa molekyulu, kapena opaleshoni. |

| Follicular Neoplasm kapena Yokayikitsa ya Follicular Neoplasm | Izi zitha kukhala khansa kapena ayi (15%-30% ya milandu ndi khansa). | Nthawi zambiri, gawo kapena chithokomiro chonse chimachotsedwa opaleshoni kuti chikafufuzidwe. |

| Sizokhudza matenda kapena Zosakhutiritsa | Palibe maselo okwanira mu chitsanzocho, kapena pazifukwa zina, sizingatheke kufika pa mfundo zomveka bwino. (2%-10% ya milandu). | Kawirikawiri biopsy yobwerezabwereza , nthawi zambiri imachitika motsogozedwa ndi ultrasound. |

Ngakhale tebulo ili lingakupatseni lingaliro losavuta, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza zotsatira zanu.

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mudziwe zotsatira zake?

Anthu ambiri amapeza zotsatira za biopsy mkati mwa sabata imodzi, koma nthawi zina nthawi imeneyi imatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera ndi ntchito ya labu kapena ngati pakufunika mayeso ena.

Ngati zotsatira zake sizili bwino, kodi muchita chiyani kenako?

Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zotsatira zake ndikukuuzani ngati mukufunikira chithandizo, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, choti muchite. Mkhalidwe wa aliyense ndi wosiyana, kotero chithandizo chimasiyana. Koma kawirikawiri, izi ndi zomwe mungayembekezere:

• Ma nodule abwino:Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa "kuyembekezera mosamala." Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ultrasound scan imachitikanso pakatha miyezi pafupifupi 12 kuti muwone ngati pakhala kusintha kulikonse mu chotupacho.
• Ma nodule owopsa: Izi nthawi zambiri zimafunika kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
• Ma nodule okayikitsa: Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ngati ziyenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni kapena ayi kutengera zotsatira za mayeso ena monga kusanthula kwa ma molecular .

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Mukamaliza kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya chithokomiro, ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati mukuyamba kutentha thupi .
• Ngati mukumva kuzizira komanso kunjenjemera (Chills).
• Ngati malo omwe singano inalowetsedwa kapena malo odulirapo ndi ofiira, otupa, ndipo kutuluka magazi ngati mafinya kukutuluka pamenepo .

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, mwina ndi matenda, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo mwachangu.

Pomaliza, chinthu chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira!

Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono mukamva mawu akuti "biopsy." Komabe, kukhala ndi biopsy ya chithokomiro sikutanthauza kuti muli ndi vuto lalikulu. Monga X-ray ndi mayeso a magazi, biopsy ndi chida chomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira matenda. Zotsatira zake zimatipatsa chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri.

Ngati muli ndi vuto la chithokomiro, kulipeza lisanakule kwambiri ndiye mwayi wanu wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi thanzi labwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, ngati dokotala wanu akulangizani kuti mupange biopsy, musaope kufunsa, pezani zambiri zomwe mukufuna, ndipo limbanani nalo mwachindunji. Simuli nokha, ndipo pali madokotala omwe angakuthandizeni.

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse, musachite manyazi ndipo lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu!

Chithokomiro , Chithokomiro cha Chithokomiro, Matumbo a Chithokomiro, FNA, CNB, Khansa, Thanzi