Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso kusatsimikiza dokotala wanu akakuuzani kapena munthu wina m'banja mwanu kuti muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya tracheostomy. N'zachilendo kumva kuti mukupanga dzenje pakhosi panu ndikulowetsa chubu kuti mupume, sichoncho? Koma musadandaule. Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yachipatala yomwe ingapulumutse miyoyo ndikuletsa kupuma movutikira. Tikambirana chilichonse m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi tracheostomy ndi chiyani?
Kutsegula khosi ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga mpata kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu, mwachindunji mu mphuno yanu (trachea). Kenako chubu cha tracheostomy chimayikidwa kudzera mumpata womwe umalowa mu mphuno yanu. Izi zimathandiza kuti mpweya uziyenda mwachindunji m'mapapu anu mukavutika kupuma kudzera pakamwa ndi mphuno.
Madokotala nthawi zambiri amatchula njira imeneyi ndi kutsegulako kuti 'tracheostomy.' Choncho musasokonezeke ndi zimenezo.
N’chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni yamtunduwu ndi yofunika?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe munthu angafunikire opaleshoni ya tracheostomy. Nthawi zina ndi njira yakanthawi, ndipo nthawi zina ikhoza kukhala njira yokhazikika. Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zazikulu.
| Chifukwa chosowa | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kutsekeka kwa mpweya woyenda | Njira yodutsa mkamwa kapena m'mphuno imachepa kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu pazifukwa zina (chifukwa cha chotupa, kutupa, kapena ngozi). Kulowetsa m'mimba kumachitika ngati sizingatheke kuchita izi. |
| Kupereka kupuma kochita kupanga kwa nthawi yayitali | Ngati wodwala akufunika kulumikizidwa ndi makina opumira mpweya kwa nthawi yoposa sabata imodzi chifukwa cha matenda ena, monga kupuwala ziwalo, kapena ngozi yaikulu, zimakhala zosavuta kuti wodwalayo achite opaleshoni ya tracheostomy. |
| Kuvuta kuchotsa ntchofu | Matenda ena amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchotsa bwino mamina ndi madzi otuluka m'mapapo akamatsokomola. Kutulutsa mamina kudzera mu chubu ichi n'kosavuta kwambiri. |
| Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yayikulu | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza kupuma pambuyo pa opaleshoni yayikulu pa bokosi la mawu kapena pakhosi mpaka malowo atachira. |
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji opaleshoni?
Ngati opaleshoniyi ndi yokonzedwa, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo a momwe mungakonzekerere. Popeza nthawi zambiri imachitika pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu, mungapemphedwe kuti musamadye kapena kumwa kwa maola angapo opaleshoni isanachitike komanso kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala enaake.
Popeza mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo mutachita opaleshoni, muyenera kukonzekera zinthu zina zofunika.
- Zovala ndi zinthu zaumwini: Zovala zogona zabwino, burashi ya mano, ndi sopo.
- Mankhwala omwe mukumwa: Ngati mukumwa kale mankhwala a matenda ena, onetsetsani kuti mwabweretsa mankhwalawo.
- Chinthu choti musangalale nacho: Ndi bwino kubweretsa chinthu choti musangalale nacho, monga buku kapena nyuzipepala, pamene muli kuchipatala.
- Zida zolankhulirana: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Simungathe kulankhula nthawi yomweyo mutachita opaleshoni. Choncho, sungani cholembera ndi pepala, kapena foni yanu yam'manja kapena piritsi pafupi kuti mulankhule ndi madokotala, anamwino, ndi okondedwa anu.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?
Opaleshoni ya tracheostomy ingachitike m'njira ziwiri zazikulu.
Opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotseguka (Open Tracheotomy)
Izi zimachitika m'chipinda chochitira opaleshoni. Choyamba, mudzagonekedwa (anesthesia wamba). Kenako dokotala wa opaleshoni adzakudulani pang'ono pakhosi panu, pansi pa apulo wanu wa Adam. Kudulako kudzachitika kudzera pakhoma la payipi yanu ya mphepo, ndikupanga mpata waukulu wokwanira kulowetsa chubu cha tracheostomy. Chubucho chikayikidwa, chidzamangidwa ndi kolala yozungulira khosi lanu kuti chisasunthe. Nthawi zina, mungasoke pang'ono kwakanthawi. Ngati simungathe kupuma nokha, chubuchi chidzalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chopumira mpweya.
Kuchotsa Tracheostomy ya Percutaneous
Iyi ndi njira yatsopano. Nthawi zambiri imatha kuchitika kuchipatala pafupi ndi bedi lanu. Palibe kudula kwakukulu. M'malo mwake, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito singano kuti apange dzenje pakhosi panu ndi paipi yanu ya mphepo. Kenako, waya umadutsa m'dzenjemo, ndipo chubu cha pulasitiki (catheter) chimalowetsedwamo, pang'onopang'ono kukulitsa dzenjelo. Kenako, chubu cha tracheostomy chimayikidwa.
Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa palibe kudula kwakukulu ndipo nthawi yochira imatha kuchepetsedwa.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Ubwino waukulu ndi wakuti zingathandize kupulumutsa miyoyo pamene njira zina zopumira sizingatheke. N'zosavuta kwa wodwalayo kuposa kupumira mpweya. Ndi thandizo labwino kwambiri kwa odwala omwe akuyamba kupuma okha atachotsedwa mu makina opumira.
Koma monga opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina zomwe zingachitike. Koma kumbukirani kuti madokotala amachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti achepetse zoopsazi.
- Kutuluka magazi ndi matenda.
- Kuwonongeka kwa m'mero kapena trachea.
- Kuchepa kwa njira yopumira chifukwa cha zipsera kapena kutupa.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imalamulira mawu (mitsempha yobwerezabwereza ya laryngeal).
- Kutsekeka kwa chubu cha tracheostomy chifukwa cha ntchofu kapena magazi kuundana.
- Mpweya wotsekedwa pansi pa khungu mozungulira chubu kapena m'mapapo.
- Kutsekeka kwachilendo (fistula) pakati pa mphuno ndi mmero (izi zingayambitse chakudya ndi zakumwa kulowa m'mapapo).
Zoopsa zambirizi zitha kupewedwa mwa kusunga chubu choyera komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala mosamala.
Kodi mumazolowera bwanji moyo mukatha opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakusamalirani bwino. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuti bala lipole kwathunthu. Ndizachilendo kumva kupweteka kwa khosi panthawiyi. Zimatenganso tsiku limodzi kapena awiri kuti uzolowere kupuma kudzera mu chubu.
Chisamaliro cha tracheostomy
Musanapite kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala, ogwira ntchito yosamalira ana adzakupatsani inu ndi osamalira anu malangizo atsatanetsatane a momwe mungatsukire chubu kunyumba (nthawi zambiri kawiri patsiku) ndikuchiyamwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mutsatire malangizo awa molondola.
Kulankhula
Pakapita kanthawi, mudzatha kulankhula, koma zimafunika kuchitapo kanthu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphimba payipi ndi chala chanu ndikulankhula uku mukutulutsa mpweya mkamwa mwanu. Katswiri wa matenda a chilankhulo (SLP) adzakuwonetsani momwe mungachitire izi. Palinso ma valve apadera olankhulira omwe amakuthandizani kulankhula popanda kuphimba chala chanu.Khalani oleza mtima, ndipo mudzatha kulankhula bwino mukadzazolowera.
Kudya
Poyamba, zingakhale zovuta kumeza chakudya ndi chakumwa. Panthawiyi, mudzapatsidwa zakudya kudzera mu IV kapena chubu chodyetsera. Katswiri wolankhula adzakuphunzitsani masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muwongolere luso lanu lomeza, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mudzatha kudya bwino.
Mukafunika kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo
Mukabwerera kunyumba, ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zotsatirazi , imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
| Zizindikiro zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chachangu | |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kupuma | Ngati mukumva ngati mukuvutika kupuma. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Ngati kugunda kwa mtima kukukwera mosazolowereka kapena kusakhazikika. |
| Ululu waukulu | Ngati muli ndi ululu waukulu womwe sumatha ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala. |
| Zizindikiro za matenda | Malungo, kufiira, kutupa, kutentha, kapena mafinya pamalo ochitira opaleshoni. |
| Kutsekeka kwa chubu kapena kumasuka | Matope omwe ali mu chubu amatha kutsekeka, kutupa, kapena chubucho chingamasuke kapena kumasuka. |
Ngakhale kumva kuti mukufuna opaleshoni ya tracheostomy kungakhale koopsa, nthawi zambiri ndi njira yopulumutsa moyo komanso yotetezeka. Mothandizidwa ndi gulu lanu lachipatala, mutha kuzolowera mkhalidwe watsopanowu, kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda, ndikukhala ndi moyo wosangalala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kutsegula m'mimba ndi opaleshoni yotetezeka kuti mpweya ukhale wosavuta. Musachite mantha.
- Kutengera ndi vuto lanu, likhoza kukhala yankho la kanthawi kochepa kapena lokhazikika.
- Kusamalira bwino tracheostomy chubu ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipewe mavuto.
- Mothandizidwa ndi dokotala wanu, ogwira ntchito yosamalira anamwino, ndi katswiri wothandiza anthu kulankhula, mudzatha kulankhula, kudya, ndi kukhalanso ndi moyo wabwinobwino.
- Ngati pali vuto lililonse kapena kukayikira kulikonse, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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