Mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa chomwe chimagwira ntchito mosalekeza. Mkati mwa mtima uwu, muli ma valve anayi omwe amagwira ntchito ngati zipata zinayi kuti azilamulira bwino kuyenda kwa magazi. Izi zimalola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Limodzi mwa ma valve amenewa limatchedwa 'valvu ya Mitral'. Ili kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba (atrium yakumanzere) ndi chipinda chapansi (ventricle yakumanzere). Koma nthawi zina valvu iyi ya mitral imatha kudwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi amatha kutuluka m'mbuyo osatseka bwino, kapena amatha kutsekeka osatsegula bwino. Chifukwa chake, valavu imeneyo iyenera kusinthidwa.
Ndiye kodi TMVR ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, TMVR (Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement) ndi njira yamakono yochiritsira yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa valavu ya mitral yowonongeka ndi valavu yatsopano popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu ya mtima.
Tangoganizirani, m'malo mwa opaleshoni yayikulu yomwe imaphatikizapo kutsegula chifuwa ndikuyimitsa mtima, chubu chopyapyala (catheter) chimadutsa kudzera mu kudula pang'ono kwambiri m'chiuno kapena pachifuwa, motsatira mtsempha wamagazi, kupita mumtima, ndipo valavu yatsopano imayikidwa kudzera mu chubu ndikukhazikika m'malo mwa valavu yakale, yodwala. Vavu yatsopanoyi ikhoza kukhala valavu yopangidwa ndi munthu, kapena ingapangidwe kuchokera ku minofu ya nyama (ng'ombe, nkhumba). Mu njirayi, valavu yakale siichotsedwa, koma m'malo mwake yatsopano imayikidwa mkati mwake ndikukonzedwa.
Ndani kwenikweni amene akufunikira chithandizochi?
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya matenda a mitral valve:
1. Kubwerera kwa valavu ya Mitral: Apa ndi pamene ma flaps awiri a valavu satseka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi ena omwe amapopedwa ndi mtima atuluke m'mbuyo. Zili ngati madzi akutuluka kuchokera ku pompo losweka.
2. Mitral valve stenosis: Izi zimachitika pamene valavu imakhala yopapatiza ndipo siitseguka bwino. Izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe angayende patsogolo. Monga momwe chitoliro chimatsekeka, kuyenda kwa madzi kumachepa.
Matenda onsewa akakula kwambiri, zizindikiro zoopsa monga kupuma movutikira, matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, komanso kulephera kwa mtima zimatha kuchitika.
Kawirikawiri, opaleshoni ya mtima imachitidwa pazochitika ngati izi. Komabe, TMVR ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali okalamba, omwe ali ndi matenda ena, ndipo sangakwanitse kuchita opaleshoni yayikulu yotereyi.
Kodi TMVR ndi MitraClip ndi chinthu chimodzi?
Ayi. Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi njira ziwiri zosiyana zochiritsira zomwe zimachitika popanda kutsegula mtima.
- MitraClip™: Izi zikuphatikizapo kukonza valavu yotuluka madzi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuyika kachipangizo kakang'ono kofanana ndi kachidutswa pakati pa timapepala tiwiri ta valavu kuti magazi asatuluke.
- TMVR:Uku si kukonza, koma valavu yatsopano yaikidwa.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani chithandizo cha TMVR chisanachitike?
Pambuyo posankha kukupatsani chithandizochi, gulu lachipatala lidzakuyang'anirani mosamala.
- Mayeso: Mayeso angapo amachitidwa, monga ``Echocardiogram`` kuti aone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito komanso ``CT scan`` kuti aone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera chithandizo.
- Kukambirana za mankhwala oletsa ululu: Katswiri adzakambirana nanu za mtundu wa mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe mudzapatsidwe kuti mupewe kupweteka panthawi ya chithandizo. Chisankho chidzapangidwa kutengera momwe mulili, kaya mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu kapena mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe simunawadziwe.
- Malangizo: Dokotala adzakupatsani malangizo apadera.
- Mankhwala ena (makamaka ochepetsa magazi) angafunike kuthetsedwa kwa masiku angapo.
- Mudzapemphedwa kusala kudya kwa maola angapo patsiku la chithandizo.
- Mudzadziwitsidwa kuti mubweretse munthu kunyumba mukalandira chithandizo.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo?
Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimatenga maola awiri kapena atatu. Gulu la akatswiri, kuphatikizapo madokotala a opaleshoni ya mtima, akatswiri a mtima, ndi akatswiri ogonetsa odwala, likuchita nawo izi.
Mwachidule, izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachitika.
1. Malo odulira (pakhosi kapena pachifuwa) amatsukidwa ndi kukonzedwa.
2. Cannula (mzere wa IV) imayikidwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja, momwe mankhwala ndi madzi ofunikira amaperekedwera.
3. Valavu yatsopanoyo imalumikizidwa kumapeto kwa chubu chopyapyala (catheter).
4. Chubu ichi chimalowetsedwa mu mtsempha wamagazi kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono komwe kamapangidwa m'mimba kapena pachifuwa.
5. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera wojambulira zithunzi, chubu ichi chimatsogozedwa ku valavu ya mitral ya mtima.
6. Vavu yatsopano imayikidwa mu valavu yakale, yodwala, imayikidwa bwino, ndikuyikidwa.
7. Kenako chubucho chimachotsedwa ndipo chodulidwacho chimatsekedwa.
Gulu lachipatala likuyang'anira chilichonse, kuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'thupi lanu, panthawi yonseyi.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa TMVR?
Mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo, mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chochiritsira. Mudzayang'aniridwa mosamala mpaka mutachira ku opaleshoni yoletsa ululu. Anthu ena angafunike kukhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Nthawi zambiri, mungafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo.
Mukapita kunyumba, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani izi:
- Momwe mungachitire nawo mapulogalamu obwezeretsa thanzi la mtima.
- Kukumana ndi anthu ena pambuyo pake.
- Za mankhwala oti muyambitsenso ndi mankhwala atsopano oti mumwe.
- Kodi ndingabwerere liti kuntchito ndi ntchito zachizolowezi?
Ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizo cha TMVR
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali ubwino komanso zoopsa zake. Tiyeni tiwone.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa ndi Zovuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mitral valve amakonzedwa. | Pali chiopsezo chakuti magazi amaundana n’kupita ku ubongo, zomwe zimayambitsa sitiroko. |
| Kuchepa koonekera kwa zizindikiro (monga kupuma movutikira). | Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mtima. Mwachitsanzo: Kubowoka kwa ventricle yakumanzere. |
| Kuchira mwachangu kuposa opaleshoni ya mtima yotseguka. | Kutsekeka kwa njira yotulutsira madzi m'mitsempha ya kumanzere. |
| Palibe chilonda chachikulu komanso ululu wochepa. | Valavu yoyikidwayo ikhoza kusuntha kapena kusuntha kuchokera pamalo ake. |
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zoopsazi sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndipo ngati pali mavuto aliwonse, gulu lachipatala lili okonzeka kusintha nthawi yomweyo kukhala opaleshoni yotseguka kapena kutenga njira zina zoyenera.
Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupeza upangiri wa zachipatala mwadzidzidzi?
Mukapita kunyumba mutalandira chithandizo, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zina. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi , pitani ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
| Pitani ku ETU mwachangu! | |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro za sitiroko |
|
| Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima | |
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dziwitsani dokotala wanu. | |
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi kudula | Masokero akutuluka, kutuluka magazi kuchokera pabala. |
| Zizindikiro za matenda | Ululu, kufiira, mafinya kapena kutuluka madzi m'thupi, malungo pamalo pomwe bala lagwera. |
| Zizindikiro za magazi kuundana | Ululu, kutupa, ndi kusintha kwa mtundu m'malo monga ntchafu, bondo, kapena akakolo. |
| Zizindikiro zina za matenda a mtima | Kulemera mwadzidzidzi, kutupa kwa miyendo ndi akakolo. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- TMVR ndi njira yamakono yochiritsira yomwe imalowa m'malo mwa valavu ya mitral popanda kutsegula mtima, yokhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa komanso kuchira mwachangu.
- Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, makamaka kwa okalamba kapena omwe ali ndi matenda ena omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ovuta kuchitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu.
- Ngati inu kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu ali ndi matenda a mitral valve, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu wa mtima za njira iyi yochizira. Iye ndiye adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.
- Pambuyo pa chithandizo, kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muchire msanga. Nthawi zonse dziwani zizindikiro zochenjeza.
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