Kodi mitsempha ya khosi lanu yatsekedwa? Tiyeni tiphunzire za chithandizo cha stent ichi (TFCAS)

Mwina mukudabwa kuti sitiroko ndi yoopsa bwanji. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi chakuti mitsempha yofunika kwambiri (carotid artery) mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lathu yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo imatsekedwa ndi mafuta. Zili ngati dzimbiri lomwe limasonkhana mkati mwa chitoliro cha madzi ndikutseka pang'onopang'ono. Koma musadandaule, tsopano pali njira zamakono komanso zosavuta zochizira izi. Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero.

Kodi chithandizo chotchedwa TFCAS ichi n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, Transfemoral Carotid Artery Stenting (TFCAS) ndi njira yochepetsera kufalikira kwa magazi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegulanso mitsempha ya carotid yotsekeka m'khosi. Imafuna kulowetsa chubu chaching'ono kwambiri chonga maukonde, chotchedwa stent, mu mitsempha yotsekeka kuti chiwonjezerenso.

Taganizirani izi, mitsempha ya carotid mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lathu ndi mitsempha ikuluikulu iwiri yomwe imanyamula mpweya ndi michere kupita ku ubongo wathu, nkhope, ndi khosi. Pakapita nthawi, cholesterol ndi mafuta ochokera muzakudya zomwe timadya zimayamba kusonkhana m'makoma a mitsempha iyi. Timatcha plaque iyi. Kuchulukana kwa plaque kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti makoma a mitsempha yamagazi azikula ndikulimba (atherosclerosis). Pamapeto pake, mitsempha yamagazi imachepa (stenosis). Pamene kuyenda kwa magazi kumeneku kwatsekedwa, magazi opita ku ubongo amachepa, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha sitiroko.

Mu chithandizo cha TFCAS, chubu chapadera (catheter) chimayikidwa kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono kwambiri m'mimba mwanu kapena m'dzanja lanu ndikutsogoleredwa ku mtsempha wotsekeka womwe uli m'khosi mwanu. Kenako stent imayikidwa kudzera mu catheter kuti itsegulenso mtsempha. Stent, monga ndodo ya hema, imathandiza kuti mtsempha usagwenso. Izi zimabwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko.

Ndani akufunikira chithandizo ichi?

Chithandizochi chingakulimbikitseni ngati dokotala wanu atsimikiza kuti muli ndi matenda a mitsempha ya carotid. Nthawi zina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za mini-stroke (kapena transient ischemic attacks - TIAs).

Kawirikawiri pali njira zingapo zochizira matenda a carotid artery stenosis. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu kutengera thanzi lanu, mawonekedwe a mtsempha, ndi komwe stenosis ili.

Kodi chithandizo cha TFCAS ndi choyenera kwa ndani?

Chithandizo cha TFCAS chingakhale chabwino kwa inu kuposa opaleshoni ya CEA ngati muli ndi zinthu izi zoopsa:

• Ngati mtsempha wa magazi watsekeka pamalo omwe sangathe kufikako mosavuta ndi opaleshoni.
• Ngati muli ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo (matenda ena) monga matenda a mtima, matenda a m'mapapo, kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
• Ngati muli ndi zipsera pakhosi panu chifukwa cha opaleshoni yakale kapena chithandizo cha radiation.
• Ngati zingwe zanu zolumikizira mawu zawonongeka.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?

Dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti: Musanachite opaleshoni iyi, muyenera:

• Yesani magazi ndi zina zoyezetsa thanzi.
• Yesani echocardiogram kapena mayeso a kupsinjika kuti muwone momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito.
• Chitani mayeso ojambulira zithunzi monga `carotid angiography`, `vascular ultrasound`, kapena `MRA` kuti muwone komwe mtsempha wamagazi watsekeka.
• Perekani mndandanda wa mankhwala onse ndi zowonjezera zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
• Mankhwala monga aspirin angapatsidwe kuti apewe magazi kuundana.
• Pewani kudya kapena kumwa (mofulumira) kwa maola angapo musanachite opaleshoni.

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji? Gawo ndi Gawo

Opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatenga maola osakwana awiri ndipo imachitika ndi gulu la madokotala ophunzitsidwa bwino.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Mukamaliza opaleshoni, mudzayang'aniridwa m'chipinda chochiritsira odwala kwa maola angapo. Nthawi zambiri mudzakhala m'chipatala usiku wonse.

• Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu pa vuto lililonse lomwe mungakumane nalo.
• Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti mumwe mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana (monga Aspirin, Clopidogrel) kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti mupewe magazi kuundana pamalo omwe stent ili.

Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala patatha maola 24. Pakhoza kukhala mabala, kutupa, ndi ululu wochepa pamalo odulidwa kwa masiku angapo.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?

Ubwino

• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko: Pamene magazi akubwerera muubongo, chiopsezo cha sitiroko chimachepa kwambiri.
• Kucheka pang'ono: Palibe kudula kwakukulu, kotero ululu ndi wochepa, chiopsezo cha matenda, ndi zipsera.
• Kuchira mwachangu: Mutha kuyambiranso ntchito zanu zachizolowezi pasanathe masiku angapo.

Zoopsa

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali chiopsezo chochepa, koma chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu ndi chochepera 3%.

• Restenosis: Nthawi zambiri, minofu ya chilonda imatha kupangika pansi pa stent ndikuchepetsanso mitsempha yamagazi.
• Kufa ndi sitiroko: Pa opaleshoni, zidutswa za mafuta zimatha kusweka ndikutseka mtsempha wamagazi muubongo. Komabe, chiopsezochi chimachepa kwambiri chifukwa cha fyuluta yomwe takambirana kale.
• Matenda amtima
• Kutuluka magazi kapena matenda

Kodi muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi mukapita kunyumba mutachita opaleshoni , imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Ngati mukumva kutentha thupi kapena muli ndi chimfine
• Ngati nseru ndi kusanza zitatha
• Ngati malo odulidwawo ndi ofiira, otupa, kapena otuluka madzi achikasu (zizindikiro za matenda)