Uturemangingo dutukura turi mu maraso yawe ni tungahe? Reka twige ku isuzuma rya hematocrit!

Ese wigeze wumva umuganga avuga ati "Reka dupime amaraso" iyo ugiye kwa muganga? Ikizamini cyoroheje ariko cy'ingenzi cyane gikunze gukorwa cyitwa hematocrit. Hari igihe gishobora no kugaragara muri raporo yawe nka `(Hct)`. Mu magambo make, ibi bipima ijanisha ry'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso yawe. Amaraso yacu agizwe n'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, uduce duto tw'amaraso, n'igice cy'amazi cyitwa `(plasma). Kugira ingano nziza y'utu turemangingo dutukura ni ingenzi cyane. Kuko, dufite akazi gakomeye cyane - gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wose.

Ikizamini cya hematocrit gikunze gukorwa nk'igice cy'ikizamini kinini cy'amaraso cyitwa complete blood count (CBC). Ushobora gukenera iki kizamini niba:

• Mu bipimo bisanzwe by'amaraso bikorwa buri mwaka, ni ukuvuga mu rwego rwo kwisuzumisha burundu.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara ifata uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, tekereza niba uhora wumva unaniwe kandi ufite intege nke.
• Niba ufite ikibazo gifitanye isano n'amaraso, muganga wawe ashobora gushaka gukurikirana uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura buri gihe.

Reka turebe uko iki kizamini cyakorwa?

Mu by’ukuri ibi biroroshye cyane. Ku muntu mukuru, ukunze gufata amaraso make mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe. Ku mwana muto, nk'amezi make, ukunze gufata amaraso make mu gatsinsino k'ikirenge. Hanyuma amaraso akusanywa mu muyoboro wihariye, cyangwa wenda mu miyoboro myinshi, yagenewe gukusanya amaraso.

Hanyuma iyi ngero y'amaraso yoherezwa muri laboratwari. Aho ngaho, imashini yihariye izunguruka amaraso vuba cyane, igatandukanya ibice bitandukanye byayo. Nk'uko bigenda iyo amata aciwe. Hanyuma, imashini ubwayo ibarura ijanisha nyaryo ry'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.

Ese hari ikintu kidasanzwe ukeneye gukora mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Dore inkuru nziza kuri wewe! Nta kintu kidasanzwe ukeneye gukora kugira ngo witegure iki kizamini cya hematocrit. Ushobora kurya no kunywa bisanzwe no gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose ufata nkuko bisanzwe. Keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye ukundi, ugomba gukomeza imirimo yawe ya buri munsi nkuko bisanzwe.

Ariko, hari ikintu gito ugomba kuzirikana: Niba ufite ubwoba gato bw'inshinge, bivuze ko ugira ubwoba iyo bagutegetse gukurura amaraso, bwira umuforomo cyangwa abaganga mbere y'igihe. Hanyuma bazakwigisha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuruhuka no kugabanya ubwoba bwawe. Bashobora kukuvugisha cyangwa bakakubwira kugabanya umuvuduko, nko guhumeka buhoro.

Bigenda bite iyo utewe amaraso? Ese ni ikintu cyo gutinya?

Gufata amaraso bifata iminota mike gusa. Ni igikorwa cyihuse. Dore ibisanzwe bibaho:

• Ubwa mbere, umuntu ufata amaraso (uyu ashobora kuba umuforomo cyangwa umutekinisiye wo muri laboratwari y'abaganga) azabona umutsi mwiza mu kuboko kwawe (ubusanzwe imbere mu nkokora yawe).
• Hanyuma, ku kuboko kwawe ko hejuru, ni ukuvuga ku kuboko kwawe, bashyiraho umukandara wa rubber, ari nawo twita "tourniquet". Ibi ni ukugira ngo umutsi ube munini gato kandi byoroshye gukurura amaraso.
• Hanyuma, uruhu rw'aho urushinge ruzashyirwa rusukurwa neza n'ikintu nk'inzoga. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo mikorobe zitinjira.
• Hanyuma, urushinge rushyirwa mu mitsi witonze. Hazabaho gukurumwa gato hano, nk'aho urumwe n'ikimonyo . Ariko ububabare bumara igihe gito cyane kandi bushira vuba. Biroroshye iyo uhumekeye cyane. Ntutinye.
• Amaraso anyura mu rushinge akusanywa mu muyoboro cyangwa mu nseri byavuzwe haruguru.
• Iyo amaraso akenewe amaze gufatwa, urushinge n'umukandara wa kabutura birakurwaho, agapira gato cyangwa agace k'ubwoya bw'ipamba gashyirwa aho amaraso yakuwe, hanyuma hagashyirwa igitambaro.

Uzashobora gutaha mu gihe gito. Mbere yo kugenda, ni byiza kubaza igihe uzakira raporo ya 'hematocrit' yawe. Raporo ikunze kwakirwa mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, rimwe na rimwe iminsi mike.

Ese ibi bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi?

Abantu benshi ntibaba bumva bamerewe nabi nyuma yo gutanga amaraso kandi bumva bameze neza. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kumva bameze nk'abazunguza cyangwa bababaye iyo bakuye amaraso. Niba wumva umeze utyo, ni ibisanzwe, ntugahangayike. Ariko, menya neza ko wabwiye umuntu ukuye amaraso uko umerewe. Hanyuma bazakubwira kuryama akanya gato, bakaguha amazi yo kunywa, cyangwa bakagufasha kugeza umeze neza. Aho amaraso yakuwe hashobora guhinduka ubururu gato, ariko ibi bizashira ubwabyo mu minsi mike.

Ni iki kiri muri raporo? Ibi bivuga iki?

Ibisubizo by'ikizamini cya hematocrit yawe biza nk'umubare, ugaragazwa nk'ijanisha. Urugero, niba raporo yawe ivuga ko ari 45, bivuze ko 45% by'amaraso yawe agizwe n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Dore uko urugero rusanzwe rwa hematocrit rutandukana bitewe n'imyaka n'igitsina:

• Ku bagabo : 41% kugeza 50%
• Ku bagore : 36% kugeza 44%
• Ku bana b'impinja bafite amezi make : 32% kugeza kuri 42%
• Ku bana bavutse : 45% kugeza kuri 61%

Ariko hari ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka hano. Uru rugero 'rusanzwe' rushobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari . Ibyo bivuze ko urugero rusanzwe rwa laboratwari imwe rushobora gutandukana gato n'urwego rw'indi. Niyo mpamvu ugomba kugereranya agaciro kari muri raporo yawe n' 'urugero rw'ibanze' rwatanzwe muri iyo raporo. Nanone, shakisha inyuguti `(H)` (Hejuru - bivuze hejuru) cyangwa `(L)` (Hasi - bivuze hasi) iruhande rw'agaciro kawe. Muri ubwo buryo ushobora kwiyumvisha niba agaciro kawe kari mu rugero rusanzwe, cyangwa hejuru cyangwa hasi.

Bigenda bite iyo agaciro ka hematocrit kari hejuru?

Iyo agaciro ka hematocrit kari hejuru y’ingano yagenwe, mu buvuzi tuyita `(Erythrocytosis)`. Hari igihe ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara y’umusemburo w’amagufwa nka `(Polycythemia vera)`. Ariko akenshi, ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo tw’umubiri wawe dukeneye ogisijeni nyinshi, bityo umubiri wawe urimo gukora uturemangingo twinshi tw’amaraso atukura. Nk’uko tugorwa no guhumeka ahantu hadafite ogisijeni nke, ni nako bishobora kubaho mu mubiri. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutuma agaciro ka hematocrit kiyongera:

• Uburozi bwa monoxide ya karuboni: Ibi bibaho iyo uhumeka imyuka iva mu ziko nk'amashyiga y'inkwi n'imyotsi iva mu modoka.
• Kubura amazi mu mubiri: Iyo umubiri utabonye amazi ahagije, amazi mu maraso aragabanuka kandi igipimo cy'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso kiriyongera.
• Zimwe mu ndwara z'umutima: Iyo umutima udakompa amaraso neza.
• Ihindagurika ry'imitsi mu bihaha: Muri ibi, ihererekanya rya ogisijeni mu bihaha ntiribaho neza.
• Kubura umwuka wo mu gihe cyo gusinzira: Ibi bibaho iyo guhumeka bihagaze igihe gito mu gihe cyo gusinzira nijoro.
• Kunywa itabi: Umubiri ukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura tw’amaraso kuko amaraso y’abanywa itabi afite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara ogisijeni.
• Gufata imisemburo ya testosterone hanze.

Ikindi kandi, niba utuye ahantu hari imisozi miremire, hematocrit yawe ishobora kwiyongera uko umubiri wawe wimenyereza ogisijeni nkeya muri ako gace. Ariko si ikintu gikwiye guhangayikishwa na buri gihe. Muganga wawe azazirikana ibintu nk'imibereho yawe n'ibidukikije utuyemo mu gihe asuzuma raporo yawe akanagera ku mwanzuro.

Bigenda bite iyo agaciro ka hematocrit kari hasi?

Kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu maraso (hematocrit) akenshi bivuze ko umubiri wawe udafite uturemangingo dutukura duhagije. Iyi ndwara ikunze kwitwa anemia. Mu by'ukuri, impamvu nyamukuru yo kwipimisha hematocrit ni uko ukeka ko ufite amaraso mu maraso (anemia) . Ushobora kuba ufite ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa, intege nke, kubabara umutwe, ndetse no kuzerera bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu maraso. Hari izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma hematocrit yawe iba nke:

• Kuva amaraso: Bishobora guterwa n'igisebe, igisebe cyo mu gifu, cyangwa imihango myinshi ku bagore.
• Hyponatremia: Ibi bivuze kugabanuka k'umunyu mu maraso.
• Kanseri zivuka mu maraso, nka kanseri y'amaraso.
• Indwara z'impyiko: Iyo impyiko zikoze imisemburo ifasha mu gukora uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, biracika intege.
• Indwara ya tiroyide: Cyane cyane iyo imisemburo ya tiroyide iri hasi.

Agaciro k'amaraso mu maraso gashobora kugabanuka gato mu gihe cyo gutwita. Ibi biterwa nuko amazi yo mu mubiri w'umubyeyi (plasma) yiyongera muri iki gihe, bigatuma ingano y'amaraso mu maraso yiyongera ugereranyije n'ingano y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Ibi ni ibisanzwe.

Ni ryari ugomba kuvugana na muganga?

Niba utumva ibiri muri raporo yawe, cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ku bijyanye na hematocrit yawe, menya neza ko uganira na muganga wawe . Ntugatinye cyangwa ngo ugire ubwoba. Wibuke ko hematocrit iri hejuru gato y’ibisanzwe atari ko buri gihe bivuze ikintu gikomeye. Muganga wawe azareba hematocrit yawe, ibindi bisubizo by’ibizamini byawe, ibimenyetso byawe, n’amateka yawe y’ubuvuzi kugira ngo amenye niba hari ikintu kitagenda neza. Azagusobanurira icyo izo ndangagaciro bivuze ku buzima bwawe, icyo wakora nyuma yaho hematocrit yawe iri hasi cyangwa iri hejuru, ndetse niba hari ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Muganga wawe ashobora kuba yaragutegetse iki kizamini kuko ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara igira ingaruka ku rugero rw'amaraso mu mubiri wawe (urugero: umunaniro, ububobere). Niba ari uko bimeze, ni ngombwa kubwira muganga wawe niba ibimenyetso byawe birimo kwiyongera.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Hematocrit na Hemoglobin?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza, rimwe na rimwe bakagishidikanyaho. Nubwo byombi bifitanye isano n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, bipima ibintu bibiri bitandukanye.

Mu magambo make:

• Ikizamini cya hematocrit gipima ijanisha ry'ingano y'amaraso yawe yose igizwe n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso (ni nk'ubucucike bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso mu maraso yawe).
• Ikizamini cya hemoglobin gipima ingano (ubusanzwe muri garama) ya poroteyine yitwa hemoglobin iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe.

Iyi hemoglobine ni ingenzi cyane. Kuko, icyo ifasha uturemangingo dutukura gutwara ogisijeni mu mubiri wose, kandi kikaba ari cyo gifata ogisijeni, ni iyi poroteyine yitwa hemoglobine. Bityo ibi byombi bitubwira amakuru y'ingenzi ku buzima bwacu.

Bite ho niba hematocrit na hemoglobine biri hasi?

Hari igihe ikizamini cy'amaraso gishobora kugaragaza ko amaraso afite amaraso make ndetse na hemoglobine nke. Hari impamvu eshatu z'ingenzi zibitera:

• Urimo kuva amaraso : Ibi bishobora kuba biterwa n'igikomere cyangwa indwara zo mu mutima (urugero: ibisebe byo mu gifu, kuva amaraso mu mara).
• Umwongo wo mu igufwa ryawe ntukora uturemangingo dutukura duhagije : Umwongo wo mu igufwa ni wo ruganda rwacu rw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso. Iyo habayeho ikibazo, umusaruro w’uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso ushobora kugabanuka.
• Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe turapfa (turimburwa) mbere y'uko bisanzwe : Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tugira igihe cyo kubaho gisanzwe. Iyo twangiritse mbere y'ibyo, ibyo bishobora gutuma ibi bipimo bigabanuka.

Niba ufite ikibazo nk'iki, bivuze ko hematocrit yawe `(Hct)` na hemoglobin `(Hb)` biri hasi, muganga wawe azagena impamvu nyayo kandi afate icyemezo cy'ubuvuzi ukeneye.

Amaherezo, ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka!

Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite impungenge cyangwa uhangayitse gato niba agaciro k'amaraso yawe ari hejuru cyangwa hasi ugereranyije n'ibisanzwe. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumva ko hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho . Rimwe na rimwe, izi mpinduka zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye. Ariko akenshi, zishobora guterwa n'indwara zidakomeye cyane, cyangwa ndetse n'impinduka mu mirire no mu mibereho yacu. Hari n'igihe, izi ngaruka zishobora kuba iz'igihe gito. Urugero, iyo umubiri wabuze amazi, amaraso ashobora kugaragara hejuru gato.

Rero, ntugahite utekereza ko hari ikibi cyakubayeho iyo ubonye raporo. Ntugatinye. Icy'ingenzi ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ukumva neza icyo izi ndangagaciro bivuze ku buzima bwawe . Ubwo uzasobanukirwa neza, kandi niba hari icyo ugomba gukora, uzamenya icyo ari cyo. Ibizamini nk'ibi bidufasha cyane kugira ngo tugire ubuzima bwiza!

Hematocrit , Hct, isuzuma ry'amaraso, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, amaraso make, CBC, umubare w'amaraso