Reka twige byinshi ku mitsi mito y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe!

Ese wigeze wibaza ku mitsi mito y'amaraso iri mu mibiri yacu? Ni byo twita imitsi mito . Ni nk'imitsi mito inyura mu mibiri yacu. Akamaro kayo ntikavugwaho byinshi. Uyu munsi, turaganira ku byo iyi mitsi mito ari byo, icyo ikora, indwara itera, n'uburyo bwo kuyikomeza ubuzima bwiza.

Imitsi y'amaraso (capillaries) ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Muri make, imiyoboro y'amaraso ni imiyoboro mito y'amaraso inyura mu mubiri wawe. Ni nk'imiyoboro mito inyuramo amaraso. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugutwara intungamubiri na ogisijeni mu turemangingo two mu ngingo zawe no mu mikorere y'umubiri. Itwara kandi imyanda, nka dioxyde de carbone , muri utwo turemangingo.

Tekereza muri ubu buryo. Ni nk'umuntu uzana ibintu byinshi mu rugo rwawe akajyana imyanda yose. Ibi biri kuba ku mubiri wawe wose, ahantu hatandukanye. Ntabwo ari igitangaza se?

Ese hari ubwoko bw'imitsi yo mu bwonko (capillaries)?

Yego, imiyoboro y'amaraso ifite imiterere myinshi bitewe n'imirimo ikora. Dushobora kumenya ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi:

1. Imiyoboro y'amaraso ikomeza gufungana: Iyi ifite utwenge duto (fenestrae) , cyangwa imyobo. Ibi bituma habaho ihererekanya ryihuse ry'ibintu. Ushobora kubona ubwo bwoko bw'imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mpyiko zawe, mu mara mato, no mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'amaraso .

2. Imitsi ikomeza kugaragara idafunze: Uduce duto cyane ni two dushobora kunyura mu nkuta z'ubwo bwoko bw'imitsi. Utwo duce tuboneka mu mitsi yawe, ndetse no mu binure n'imitsi.

3. Imiyoboro ya Sinusoidal: Iyi ifite kandi utwobo duto (fenestrae). Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe gusa bishobora kwinjira no gusohokamo. Ubwo bwoko bwa miyoboro bukunze kugaragara mu mwijima no mu muhogo .

Ni iki kibera imitsi yo mu bwonko? Akazi kayo ni akahe?

Imitsi ya capillaries ni yo yuzuye urusobe rw'amaraso. Ni ukuvuga ko imitsi n'imitsi bihuzwa binyuze muri iyo mitsi. Urabizi, imitsi itwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni iva mu mutima ijya mu ngingo. Imitsi itwara amaraso yakuwemo ogisijeni n'imyanda iva mu ngingo ikayijyana mu mutima.

Rero akazi k'imitsi mito ni ugukora nk'ahantu ibintu biva mu mitsi n'imitsi bihanahana . Nubwo imitsi n'imitsi bitwara imyuka n'intungamubiri mu mubiri wose, iyo mitsi ni yo ibigeza aho byagenewe, ari byo turemangingo. Ni ingenzi cyane, si byo se?

Kapilari zifasha ingingo n'imikorere itandukanye mu mubiri wacu. Urugero:

• Umwongo w'amagufwa: Ufasha uturemangingo tw'amaraso dushya kwinjira mu maraso.
• Ubwonko: Mu gihe butanga intungamubiri ku bwonko, bufasha gukora urukuta rw'amaraso n'ubwonko, rubuza ibintu byangiza kwinjira.
• Sisitemu y'imisemburo: Ifasha gutwara imisemburo mu ngingo zibishinzwe.
• Impyiko: Imiyoboro ya peritubular hano iyungurura amaraso, igakora inkari, hanyuma ikongera gukurura amazi na sodiyumu mu mubiri.
• Umwijima: Bifasha gukuraho uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso na bagiteri bifite inenge.
• Ibihaha: Bifasha mu gusohora umwuka wa karuboni urimo karuboni no gufata umwuka wa ogisijeni.
• Sisitemu y'imitsi: Ifasha gukusanya amazi ava mu ngirabuzimafatizo no kuyayobora mu tunyangingo tw'imitsi.
• Urura ruto: Rutwara intungamubiri zigogorwa kandi rutanga intungamubiri ku turemangingo.

Imitsi y'amaraso iherereye he?

Muri make, imiyoboro y'amaraso iri hose mu mubiri wawe ! Iboneka aho imiyoboro y'amaraso n'imitsi bihurira. Ikorera ingingo zawe n'ingingo zawe nk'urusobe rw'imiyoboro y'amaraso ('imiyoboro y'amaraso').

Ibi bisa bite? Ni bito cyane, si byo se?

Yego, imiyoboro y'amaraso mito cyane mu miyoboro y'amaraso yawe. Abashakashatsi bagomba gukoresha mikorosikopi kugira ngo bayirebe. Tekereza nawe, ni mito ugereranije n'umusatsi wawe . Imiyoboro isanzwe y'amaraso ni mikorosimetero 5 (mikorosimetero ni kimwe mu bihumbi bya milimetero!). Ni mito cyane ku buryo uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso tugomba kunyuramo umwe umwe. Imiyoboro y'amaraso ifite uburebure buri munsi ya milimetero imwe, bungana n'agace k'ikaramu.

Imiyoboro y'amaraso ifite inkuta nto cyane (ifite ubugari bwa mikorometero imwe), niyo mpamvu intungamubiri, amazi n'imyuka bishobora kwinjira no gusohoka byoroshye.

Ibice by'imitsi yo mu bwonko ni ibihe?

Kapilari zifite ibice bibiri by'ingenzi by'uturemangingo:

• Uturemangingo tw’imbere mu mubiri: Tuba turi mu mitsi y’amaraso. Tugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’amazi, intungamubiri n’imyuka.
• Uturemangingo tw’imbere mu mubiri: Tugize urwego rwo kurinda uturemangingo tw’imisemburo.

Ni izihe ndwara n'indwara zikunze kwibasira imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Imitsi yo mu bwonko yavunitse ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ishobora kubaho iyo ukorora cyangwa kuruka cyane. Iyo iyi mitsi yo mu bwonko yaturikaga, iva amaraso, bigatera amabara mato mato ku ruhu (petechiae). Akenshi, iyi mitsi yo mu bwonko ikira ubwayo.

Uretse ibyo, hari izindi ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko:

• Ubusembwa bw'imitsi itera imitsi (AVM):Indwara aho imitsi n'imitsi yo mu bwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo bihumirana bigaca mu mitsi. Ibi bishobora no kubaho mu ngingo, mu gituza no mu zindi ngingo.
• Capillary angiosarcoma: Ubwoko budasanzwe bwa kanseri buturuka ku turemangingo tw’inyuma kandi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko.
• Indwara yo kuzana amaraso mu miyoboro y'amaraso: Indwara aho umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye. Hari igihe ibi bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.
• Telangiectasia yo kuva amaraso mu buryo bw'iherere: Indwara y'imitsi y'amaraso ivuka aho imitsi ikura idasanzwe (telangiectases) igashobora gucika. Yitwa kandi Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.
• Kwangirika kw'amaso: Kwangirika imbere mu jisho bitewe no kuva kw'imitsi yo mu jisho.
• Indwara yo kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko bwa microcephaly-capillary: Imitsi yo mu bwonko yagabanutse ku bantu bafite imitwe mito kuruta isanzwe.
• Ikimenyetso cya divayi ya Port: Ikimenyetso cy'amavuko giterwa n'uko imitsi y'amaraso idakora neza.
• Angioma y'igitagangurirwa: Imitsi mito y'amaraso iva hagati mu gice cy'umubiri, akenshi ku maso, mu ijosi, cyangwa mu gituza. Yitwa kandi spider nevus cyangwa spider telangiectasia.
• Ikimenyetso cy'amavuko cy'inkeri: Urusobe rw'imitsi y'amaraso itukura yijimye ku ruhu.
• Vasculitis: Kubyimba imiyoboro y'amaraso. Ibi bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku miyoboro y'amaraso. Ibi bishobora gutera ingorane nko gucika no kuziba kw'imiyoboro y'amaraso.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara z'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Isesemi
• Kuzungera (vertigo)
• Kuribwa umutwe (umutwe)
• Kubyimba
• Indwara zo mu mutwe
• Kalendari
• Umunaniro
• Uduheri ku ruhu
• Kugabanya ibiro
• Kuva amaraso mu mazuru
• Guhindura ibara ry'uruhu
• Anemia
• Ibibazo byo kutabona neza

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Ibizamini nk'ibi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y'amaraso:

• Gupima amaraso
• Gupima MRI
• gupima CT (CT scan)
• Angiogramu
• gupima PET
• Isuzuma ry'amaso
• ikizamini cy'amaso cya `OCT`

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura indwara z'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko zishobora kuvurwa muri ubu buryo bukurikira:

• Imiti
• Kubagwa cyangwa kubagwa byoroheje
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire
• Ubuvuzi bwa Chimiotherapie
• Gutera amaraso

Ni gute nakora kugira ngo imitsi yanjye y'amaraso ikomeze kuba myiza?

Ugomba kwita ku mitsi yawe y'amaraso nk'uko wita ku yindi mitsi yawe y'amaraso. Ibyo bivuze:

• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi itanu mu cyumweru (iminota 150 yose hamwe).
• Kugabanya inzoga n'ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine.
• Kugumana ibiro byiza bikubereye.
• Irinde kunywa itabi no gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi.
• Kubonana na muganga w'amaso buri gihe kugira ngo apimwe amaso.

Nanone, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ucunge indwara nk'izi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'imitsi yawe y'amaraso:

• Diyabete
• Kolesteroli nyinshi
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Guhangayika

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora kumenya indwara y’imitsi yo mu nkari mbere yuko ugaragaza ibimenyetso. Ibi bishobora kugufasha gutangira kuvurwa mbere yuko irushaho gukomera. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane iyo ukomeje gukora ibintu nko kwisuzumisha buri mwaka.

Shaka muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'imitsi ijyana amaraso:

• Guturika kwa capillary
• Iyo imitsi y'amaraso mu maguru isa n'aho yagutse
• Niba uruhande rumwe rw'umubiri rudakomeye cyangwa wumva nta kintu na kimwe ushobora kumva
• Niba amaguru yawe ababara nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri gato
• Iyo habayeho impinduka zitunguranye mu kureba

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'umutsi n'umuyoboro w'amaraso?

Biroroshye cyane. Icyo umutsi ukora ni uko iyo uturemangingo twawe tumaze gufata ibyo dukeneye mu maraso, dutwara amaraso asigaye tuyajyana mu mutima. Uturemangingo dutwara amaraso afite imyanda nka dioxyde de carbone. Ariko capillary ni nk'aho itumanaho rihanahana amakuru . Uturemangingo twawe tubona ibyo dukeneye muri ubwo buryo, naho uturemangingo twawe tubona ibyo dukeneye muri ubwo buryo.

Iyo dutekereje ku miyoboro minini itwara amaraso mu mibiri yacu, dukunda kwibagirwa utu tunyangingo duto tw’amaraso. Ariko ni two dutwara ibintu tukabijyana ahantu hakwiye . Kimwe n’ibindi bice by’umubiri wacu, na byo bishobora kugira ibibazo. Bityo, kugira ngo uturemangingo tw’amaraso tugufashe neza ukoresheje imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe no kurya indyo yuzuye bishobora gufasha na twa tunyangingo tw’amaraso.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Kapilari ni urusobe rw'imitsi mito y'amaraso, ariko ifite akamaro kanini, mu mibiri yacu. Iyo tudafite iyo mitsi, uturemangingo twacu ntitwakira intungamubiri cyangwa umwuka wa ogisijeni, kandi imyanda ntishobora gukurwaho.

>

Ukurikije ubuzima bwiza, bivuze kurya neza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kwirinda kunywa itabi, ushobora gutuma imitsi yawe y'amaraso ikomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza.

>

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, ntukibagirwe guhita ugisha inama kwa muganga. Kuko indwara nyinshi zoroshye gukira iyo zimenyekanye hakiri kare!

Rero, ndizera ko ubu usobanukiwe neza izi ntwari nto mu mubiri wawe. Ni inshingano zawe kuzifata neza!

Imitsi y'amaraso , imiyoboro y'amaraso, uturemangingo, intungamubiri, ogisijeni, gutembera kw'amaraso, ubuzima