Ese ingingo zawe zumva zifunze gato imbere? Reka tuvuge kuri Elastography!

Ese wigeze wibaza ukuntu byaba byiza iyo haba hari uburyo bwo kumenya neza niba ingingo z'ingenzi ziri mu mibiri yacu, nk'umwijima n'impyiko, ari nzima kandi zihindagurika? Ni ukuvuga, niba twashoboraga kwita kuri ibi bintu nta kubagwa cyangwa kubabara cyane? Ni cyo iki kizamini cyitwa elastography gikora. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Mu magambo make, elastography ni iki?

Mu magambo make, elastography ni ikizamini kidababaza gipima ubworoherane, cyangwa "ubushyuhe," bw'ingingo mu mibiri yacu, nk'umwijima. Tekereza, iyo duhisemo imbuto, tuyikanda gato n'amaboko yacu kugira ngo tumenye niba ikomeye cyangwa ifite ubugari? Ibi ni bimwe, ariko hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho cyane.

Iki kizamini gikoresha imitingito isanzwe. Iyi mitingito yoherezwa mu ngingo zacu igapima ubukana bwazo. Kuko rimwe na rimwe, iyo ingingo z'ingingo zacu zibaye zikomeye bitari ngombwa, ni ukuvuga ko iyo ubworoherane bwazo bugabanutse, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara runaka. Ubu bukana ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi, cyane cyane mu ndwara ziterwa n'umwijima.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa elastography?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ikirahure (elastography).

1. Ultrasound Elastography (Ultrasound Elastography) cyangwa FibroScan®

Ibi kandi byitwa transient elastography na bamwe. Ushobora kuba warumvise FibroScan®. Ni uko bimeze. Mu by'ukuri ni nk'ikizamini cyihariye cya ultrasound .

• Muri ibi, igikoresho gito gifatwa n'intoki (`transducer`) n'amajwi bikoreshwa kugira ngo ubone ishusho y'ingingo zawe.
• Ibi ntibibabaza na gato, kandi ni byihuse cyane. Ni ikintu gishobora gukorwa mu kanya gato.

2. M.R. Elastography (MRE - Elastography ya Magnetic Resonance)

Ibi bikubiyemo guhuza imiraba y'amajwi iva muri ultrasound na magneti n'imiraba ya radiyo iva muri scan ya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kugira ngo haboneke amashusho asobanutse y'ingingo zawe.

• Igikuru ni uko nta mirasire ikoreshwa muri ibi.
• Hari igihe muganga ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukora iki kizamini cya MRE wenyine, cyangwa bigakorwa hamwe na MRI scan yuzuye.

Iyi "shear wave" elastography ni iki?

Ubu ni ikoranabuhanga rishya rya ultrasound. Rikoreshwa kandi mu gupima ubukana bw'ingingo z'umubiri.

• Wibuka icyo gikoresho gikoreshwa mu ntoki (`transducer`)? Gitanga imivuduko ikomeye cyane. Iyi mivuduko ikora ubwoko bwihariye bw'umuraba witwa `shear waves`.
• Izi ngero z'amazi zituma habaho amashusho meza cyane kandi asobanutse neza .
• Nubwo iri koranabuhanga rikiri gutera imbere, rimaze gukoreshwa mu isuzuma rya ultrasound. Urugero:
• Ibizamini bifitanye isano n'amabere
• Umwijima
• Imitsi n'amagufwa
• Prostate
• Reba niba hari utubyimba twa tiroyide.

None se, kuki iki kizamini cya elastography gikorwa?

Impamvu nyamukuru kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora iki kizamini ni ukureba niba ufite indwara yitwa fibrosis, cyangwa inkovu ku mwijima. Fibrosis ni inkovu ku mwijima gusa. Ibi bishobora kuvuka mu ntangiriro, kandi iyo bitavuwe neza, amaherezo bishobora gutera indwara ikomeye yitwa cirrhosis.

Niba ufite ibintu bishobora gutera indwara ya cirrhose, cyangwa niba ugaragaza ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima imiterere y'umubiri.

Icy'ingenzi: Fibrose ishobora kugabanya amaraso menshi anyura mu mwijima. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ayo maraso ashobora gutangira kwishyira inyuma y'umwijima. Iyo ibi bitavuwe neza, bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima.

Ibibazo nk'ibi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kurwara Cirrhose
• Kanseri y'umwijima
• Kunanirwa k'umwijima
• Kuva amaraso mu gifu

Kubwibyo, elastography ni igikoresho cyiza ku baganga cyo guhitamo ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bukwiye ku ndwara ya fibrosis y'umwijima. Si ibyo gusa, niba urimo gufata imiti, iki kizamini gishobora no gufasha kureba uko umwijima wawe witabira iyo miti no guhanura ingorane zishobora guterwa no kwiyongera kw'ibinure mu mwijima.

Ni nde ukora ibi bizamini bya elastography?

Elastography Ultrasound na MRE bikorwa n'inzobere mu by'imirasire , umuganga w'inzobere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gufata amashusho mu buvuzi. Akenshi bakorana bya hafi n'umuganga wawe w'ibanze, umuganga w'inzobere mu kuvura kanseri, n'umuganga w'indwara z'umwijima.

Ese elastography y'umwijima ni nziza gute?

Nubwo hari ubushakashatsi butandukanye kuri ibi, abaganga benshi bemeranya ko elastography ari ikizamini nyacyo cyo gusuzuma umwijima utera cyane. Mu by’ukuri, abaganga benshi bakoresha iki kizamini kugira ngo bamenye iyi ndwara. Ikirenzeho, kinakoreshwa mu gukurikirana uburyo indwara igenda irushaho kwiyongera cyangwa ikagenzurwa uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Iki kizamini cya elastography gikorwa gite?

Uburyo ibi bikorwa buratandukanye gato bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini.

Uburyo bwo gukora irangi ry'amashanyarazi ry'igihe gito:

Ibi bifata iminota mike gusa. Byihuse cyane.

• Ubwa mbere, umuganga w’imirasire azashyira gel ishingiye ku mazi ku gace k’uruhu rwawe kazasuzumwa. Ibi bizatuma igikoresho gikoreshwa mu ntoki (`transducer`) kigenda byoroshye hejuru y’uruhu.
• Hanyuma umuganga w’imirasire ajyana transducer hejuru y’uruhu rwawe kugira ngo amenye neza aho urugingo rugomba gusuzumwa ruri.
• Noneho, iyo transducer yohereza mu mubiri imitingito idababaza kandi igenda buhoro.
• Izi mvururu zikubita ku rugingo rubishinzwe hanyuma zigasubira inyuma. Ayo makuru ajya kuri mudasobwa.
• Mudasobwa ikoresha aya makuru kugira ngo ikore `ishusho` y'urugingo rubishinzwe.
• Mu kureba iyi shusho, umuganga w’imirasire ashobora kubona neza uko urugingo rumeze, ingano yarwo, imiterere yarwo, n’imiterere yarwo - ni ukuvuga uburyo rukomeye, niba rwuzuyemo amazi, n’ibindi.

Uburyo bwo gukora MRE:

Ubusanzwe MRE bifata iminota 5. Ariko, niba ubikora ukoresheje MRI scan yuzuye, bishobora gufata igihe kirekire, iminota 45. Dore uko bigenda iyo ubonye MRE:

• Uzategekwa kuryama ku meza. Ushobora kandi guhabwa imikandara igufasha kuguma uhagaze.
• Agakoresho gato, kitwa `driver`, gashyirwa munsi y'uruhu iburyo bw'igituza cyawe, hepfo gato (niba uri gukora MRE y'umwijima).
• Hari ibindi bikoresho, bishobora kohereza no kwakira amajwi ya radiyo, biri iruhande rw'umushoferi.
• Iyo uhawe umuti ugabanya ubukana bw'imitsi (amazi yihariye, nka gadolinium) wo gupima MRI, uzaterwa mu muyoboro wa IV ushyizwe mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe.
• Hanyuma woherezwa muri mashini ya MRI. Ni mashini isa n'umuyoboro muto.
• Umuganga w’imirasire agenzura ibi byose hanze ya mashini ya MRI, yicaye kuri mudasobwa.
• Umushoferi yohereza utunyangingo duto mu mwijima wawe, kandi mu gihe ifata amashusho yayo, usabwa gufata umwuka wawe mu masegonda make.

Witegura ute ibi?

Dore bimwe mu bintu ugomba kuzirikana mbere yo gukora ikizamini cya elastography:

• Ibiribwa: Irinde ibiryo n'ibinyobwa birimo isukari mbere yo gupimwa. Ibiryo birimo isukari bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umwijima bwo gukora. Ushobora gusabwa kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha make mbere yo gupimwa. Ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe igihe nyacyo ugomba kwiyiriza ubusa.
• Imyenda: Ku munsi w'ikizamini, siga imitako yawe, amasaha, udupira two mu mutwe, ibikoresho byo kumva, n'amenyo y'amenyo ashobora gukurwaho mu rugo. Ambara imyenda ijyanye neza kandi idafite ishingiro.Ushobora kandi gukenera kwambara ikanzu yo kwa muganga itangwa n'ibitaro.
• Icyuma: Niba ufite ibintu by'icyuma mu mubiri wawe - nk'uduce tw'amasasu, ibikoresho bikora cardiac defibrillators cyangwa pacemakers - ugomba kubimenyesha umuganga w'imirasire , kuko ibyo bintu by'icyuma bishobora kwangiza imbaraga za rukuruzi z'imashini ya MRI.
• Gutwita: Niba utwite, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe n'inzobere mu by'imirasire. Muri rusange, gupima imiterere y'umubiri bifatwa nk'aho ari byiza mu gihe cyo gutwita. Ariko, ni byiza kwirinda gupima MRI mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'amezi atatu. Ariko, gupima MRI bishobora gukorwa muri iki gihe gusa iyo muganga asanze ibyiza byo gupima biruta ibyago byabyo.

Ni ubuhe bunararibonye wagize mu kizamini?

Umuganga wawe w’imirasire azagusobanurira byose mu gihe cy’ikizamini. Isuzuma rya Elastography Ultrasound na MRE byombi ni ibizamini bidatera ububabare kandi bidatera ububabare. Bityo rero ntuzumva ububabare cyangwa ngo ugire ikibazo.

Niba uri gukorerwa isuzuma rya MRE, ugomba kuguma mu mwanya umeze nk'umuyoboro w'amazi iminota mike. Niba uri gukorerwa isuzuma rya MRI ryuzuye, bifata igihe kirekire, iminota 45. Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gutinya gucika intege, banza ubwire muganga wawe n'inzobere mu by'imirasire mbere y'igihe. Nanone, itegure guhagarika umwuka wawe mu gihe cy'amasegonda 10-15 mu gihe cyo gukora isuzuma rya MRE.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zihari muri ibi?

• Elastography ultrasound ntabwo itera ibyago nk'uko byavumbuwe.
• Iyo ugiye gupimwa MRE, iyo hakurikizwaga ingamba zikwiye zo kwirinda, nta ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'umuntu usanzwe. Imbaraga za rukuruzi ntabwo ari mbi. Ariko, niba uhawe umuti wo kugutera gusinzira (`kuruhuka`), hashobora kubaho ingaruka zijyanye no gutanga uwo muti mwinshi cyane. Nanone, hari amahirwe make cyane yo kugira ubwivumbure ku mazi ya `contrast` yitwa `gadolinium`, akoreshwa gusa mu bipimo bimwe na bimwe bya MRI.

Ni ibihe bisubizo biboneka? Bitubwira iki?

Ikizamini cyawe cya elastography gifata ishusho y'umwijima wawe. Umuganga w'imirasire ashobora gukoresha iyo shusho kugira ngo akwereke uburyo umwijima wawe ukomeye. Ubu bukomere ni igipimo cy'inkovu ziri mu mwijima wawe. Urugero rw'inkovu rushobora kuva ku ruto kugeza ku bunini:

• Kuva kuri F0 kugeza kuri F1: Nta na kimwe cyangwa inkovu nkeya.
• F2: Inkovu iri hagati.
• F3:Inkovu zikomeye.
• F4: Inkovu zikomeye cyane, ari zo cirrhose. (Inkovu zidasanzwe)

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umenye ibisubizo?

Umuganga w’imirasire azasuzuma ibisubizo bya elastography scan yawe mu minsi mike. Azabisangiza abandi baganga bakohereje ibisubizo. Hanyuma, umwe mu baganga bawe azaguhamagara kugira ngo agusobanurire ibisubizo kandi agusubize ibibazo byose ushobora kuba ufite.

Muri make (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Elastography ni ikizamini kidakoreshwa mu gupima ubukana bw'ingingo ziri mu mubiri wacu. Akenshi gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma umwijima ufite fibrosis, indwara itera inkovu mu mwijima. Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka iki kizamini niba ufite ububyimbirwe cyangwa ibyangiritse mu mwijima wawe, cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso bya cirrhose.

Iki kizamini akenshi kiba cyihuse kandi nta bubabare, bityo nta mpungenge gifite. Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuri ibi, vugana na muganga wawe umusabe amakuru arambuye. Muri ubwo buryo, ushobora gukemura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ushobora kuba ufite.

` Elastography, Kubabara k'umwijima, Fibrosis, Cirrhosis, Ultrasound Scan, MRE, FibroScan, Indwara y'umwijima, Gusuzuma, Ibizamini Bidatera Ububabare