Ese wasabwe gukora endoscopy? Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho!

Iyo umuganga akubwiye ko ugomba gukorerwa endoscopiya, ushobora kugira ubwoba gato kandi ukaba ufite amatsiko, sibyo? Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi mu mutwe wawe, nk'iki, kikorwa gute, kandi se kizakubabaza? Ntugahangayike, uyu munsi turaganira kuri iyi endoscopiya mu buryo bworoshye. Mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Endoskopiya ni iki?

Muri make, endoskopi ni uburyo bugufasha kureba neza imbere mu mubiri wawe. Ibi bisaba gukoresha igikoresho kirekire, gito kimeze nk'umuyoboro witwa endoskopi. Iki gikoresho akenshi kiba gifite kamera nto n'urumuri bifatanye ku mpera imwe. Muganga ashyira icyo gikoresho mu mubiri wawe, maze kigeze aho ushaka gusuzuma, amashusho, hanyuma akagaragara kuri ecran.

Tekereza nko gushyira kamera nto mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo urebe ibirimo. Hari endoscope zifite imiyoboro mito, cyangwa imiyoboro, aho ushobora gushyiramo ibikoresho bito kugira ngo ufate agace k'uruti (kitwa biopsy) cyangwa ndetse no gukora operation nto.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa endoskopiya?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa endoscope. Ariko bwose bukora kimwe. Ni ukuvuga ko muganga ashyiramo igikoresho cyitwa endoscope anyuze mu mwenge usanzwe uri mu mubiri wawe (urugero, mu kanwa kawe, mu mazuru, cyangwa mu kibuno) cyangwa mu gace gato k'uruhu rwawe. Iki gikoresho cyemerera muganga gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura urugingo rugomba gusuzumwa.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi riri mu bintu nk'ibi:

• Izina ry'ikizamini: Iri zina rikunze gukomoka ku gice cy'umubiri gisuzumwa. Urugero, endoscopi yo gusuzuma amara manini (inkondo y'umura) yitwa "Colonoscopy".
• Ubwoko bw'Ishusho: Ni kimwe. Izina ry'igikoresho rishingiye ku ngingo ipimwa. Rero, endoscope ikoreshwa kuri ``Colonoscopy'' yitwa ``Colonoscope''. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa ``Endoscope''. Zimwe "zirahinduka" bivuze ko zishobora gupfunyika byoroshye. Zimwe "zirakomeye" bivuze ko zigororotse. Izindi endoscope zifite imiyoboro imbere muri zo yo gufata ingero z'imitsi, gukiza ibikomere, no gukora ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere.

Nanone, ibintu nk'uburyo ikizamini gikorwa, urugingo rusuzumwa, n'aho igikoresho gishyirwa nabyo biratandukanye.

Noneho, reka turebe ubwo bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa endoskopiya?

Reba, ushobora kuba waritiriwe umuganga muri aya mazina.

• Anoscopy: Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira endoscope mu kibuno cyawe kugira ngo urebe anus yawe n'impyiko.
• Arthroscopy:Hakorwa akato gato ku ngingo imwe hanyuma hagashyirwamo endoscope kugira ngo harebwe indwara z'ingingo, nka rubagimpande.
• Bronchoscopy: Imashini ikoresha endoscope inyura mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru kugira ngo irebe aho umwotsi n'ibihaha biherereye.
• Colonoscopy: Hashyirwa endoscope inyuze mu kibuno hanyuma amara manini yose (inkondo y'umura) agasuzumwa.
• Cystoscopy: Endoscope inyuzwa mu muyoboro wawe w'inkari (umuyoboro unyuramo inkari ) kugira ngo irebe umwoboro wawe w'inkari n'uruhago.
• Enteroscopy: Endoscope ishyirwamo binyuze mu kanwa (enteroscopy yo hejuru) cyangwa mu nda y'umura (enteroscopy yo hasi) kugira ngo harebwe amara mato.
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) cyangwa endoscopy yo hejuru: Endoscope inyuzwa mu kanwa kugira ngo irebe umwobo, igifu, n'igice cyo hejuru cy'amara mato.
• Hysteroscopy: Imashini inyuzwa mu gitsina inyura mu gitsina kugira ngo irebe nyababyeyi.
• Laparoscopy: Hakorwa icyuho gito mu nda hanyuma hagashyirwamo endoscope kugira ngo harebwe ingingo z'inda n'iz'imyororokere.
• Laryngoscopy: Imashini ikoresha endoscope inyura mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru kugira ngo irebe mu gasanduku k'amajwi.
• Isuzuma rya Mediastinoscopy: Hakorwa isuzuma rito hejuru y'igufwa ry'igituza kugira ngo harebwe agace kari hagati y'ibihaha, karimo umutima, umwobo, na trachea (mediastinum).
• Isuzuma ry'imitsi: Hakorwa icyuho gito mu gahanga hanyuma ubwonko bugasuzumwa.
• Proctoscopy (sigmoidoscopy ikomeye): Imashini inyuzwa mu kibuno irashyirwamo endoscope kugira ngo isuzume agace k'inyuma n'inyuma.
• Sigmoidoscopy (sigmoidoscopy ihinduka): Imashini inyuzwa mu kibuno irashyirwamo endoscope kugira ngo irebe igice cyo hasi cy'amara manini (urura runini rwa sigmoid) n'agace k'ikibuno.
• Igipimo cya Thoracoscopy (cyanone cyitwa pleuroscopy): Igipimo gito gikorerwa mu gituza kugira ngo harebwe ibihaha n'agace kabyo, harimo diaphragm, trachea, n'urukuta rw'igituza.
• Ureteroscopy: Imashini inyuzwa mu muyoboro w'inkari (ureter) inyura mu muyoboro w'inkari kugira ngo irebe imiyoboro itwara inkari ziva mu mpyiko zijya mu ruhago.

Yego! Reba ubwoko bwinshi bw'indwara. Ariko ibi byose bikorwa kugira ngo bigufashe kubona ikibazo nyacyo kiri mu mubiri wawe.

Uburyo buhanitse bwo gupima endoscopy

Muri iki gihe, abahanga mu bya siyansi barimo gushaka uburyo bushya bwo koroshya iyi endoscope no kugabanya kwangiza umubiri. Urugero ni capsule endoscope . Ibi ntibisaba gushyira umuyoboro mu mubiri wawe. Ahubwo, umira capsule nto, nk'ikinini cya vitamine. Hari kamera iri muri capsule. Umaze kuyimira, ifata amafoto uko inyura mu muhogo, mu gifu no mu mara mato. Ibi bifasha kubona ibintu nko kuva amaraso n'ibibyimba mu buryo bw'igogora.

Kuki dukora endoscopiya?

Abaganga bakoresha endoscope mu ntego ebyiri z'ingenzi: imwe ni ugupima indwara zimwe na zimwe , indi ni ugupima indwara .

Ushobora kuba warumvise ibijyanye na colonoscopy. Ni endoscope ikunzwe cyane kandi ikunzwe cyane. Isuzuma kanseri y'amara.

Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye zo gusuzuma indwara ya endoskopi ni uko, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere , ishobora gufata igice cy'ingingo idasanzwe ikacyohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo gipimwe (biopsy) . Iyi biopsi ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba ari kanseri cyangwa atari yo.

Mu bihe byashize, endoscopi yakoreshwaga cyane cyane mu gusuzuma ingingo. Ariko ubu, endoscopi ikoreshwa no kuvura indwara zitandukanye, nko guhagarika kuva amaraso mu gisebe cyo mu gifu. Mu bihe byashize, iyo ikintu nk'iki cyabagaho, wagombaga kubagwa cyane.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe endoskopiya?

Endoskopiya ishobora gusuzuma indwara z’imiti ikurikira:

• Uduce tw’igogora: Indwara zo mu gifu, polyps zo mu mara, na kanseri y’amara.
• Umutwe n'ijosi: Indwara zo kumira no gucika intege mu mitsi.
• Ingingo: Imitsi y'ingingo, kwangirika kw'ingingo no gucika kw'ingingo.
• Udutsi two mu bwonko: Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
• Uruhu rw'ubuhumekero: Indwara z'ibihaha n'indwara zandura.
• Udukoko tw'inkari: Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTI) n'amabuye mu mpyiko.
• Uruhu rw'imyororokere: Kuva amaraso mu kibuno ku buryo budasanzwe, endometriosis, n'ibibazo byo kutabyara.

Ubuvuzi bukoresheje endoskopiya

Hamwe n'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo mu ikoranabuhanga (endoscopes), abaganga bashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo bakore ibintu nk'ibi:

• Gukira ibikomere.
• Imiti.
• Gukuraho amazi.
• Guhagarika kuva amaraso mu mubiri.
• Gukuraho ingingo cyangwa ibibyimba byangiritse.
• Gufungura ahantu hafunganye, kwagura amaguru magufi.
• Inkingi (imiyoboro mito ishyirwa kugira ngo ingingo ifunze cyangwa yangiritse ifunguke).
• Kubagwa.

Urugero, muri laparoscopy, abaganga babaga binyuze mu gukata uduce duto cyane aho kubaga kamwe kanini. Ibi rimwe na rimwe byitwa kubaga mu mwobo w'ingenzi . Ibi ntibikunze kubangamira cyane ugereranyije no kubaga gakondo. Ubu buryo ubu ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara nyinshi.

Witegura ute isuzuma rya endoskopiya?

Imyiteguro yawe izaterwa n'ubwoko bwa endoscopiyo urimo gukora. Ushobora gusabwa gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Kora ibizamini bikenewe: Mbere yo gupimwa mu nzira y'inkari, ushobora gusabwa gukora ikizamini cy'inkari kugira ngo urebe niba nta ndwara yanduriye mu nzira y'inkari (UTI). Mbere yo gupimwa mu buryo bwa hysteroscopy, ushobora gusabwa gukora ikizamini cyo gutwita.
• Tanga amateka y'ubuzima bwawe: Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe izindi ndwara zose ufite, imiti ukoresha, na vitamine.
• Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzasabwa kutarya cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose amasaha menshi mbere yo gupimwa. Bitabaye ibyo, uzaba ufite imipaka ku byo ushobora kurya cyangwa kunywa.
• Sukura amara yawe: Mbere yo gukora isuzuma rya colonoscopy cyangwa enteroscopy, byitwa prep yo mu mara. Ibi bivuze gukuraho umwanda wose.
• Hagarika gufata imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti igabanya amaraso, nka warfarin (Coumadin® cyangwa Jantoven®) na aspirine, ishobora gukenera guhagarikwa iminsi mike mbere yo gupimwa. Ushobora kandi gukenera guhindura indi miti ufata mu minsi mike. Menya neza ko ukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
• Hagarika kunywa itabi: Ushobora gusabwa kureka kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi mbere yo kwipimisha.
• Teganya ko hari umuntu uzagutwara mu rugo: Niba uhawe ikiruhuko cyangwa ikinya mu gihe cyo gupimwa, ntuzashobora gutwara imodoka niba wagiye mu rugo uwo munsi. Kubwibyo, akenshi uzakenera gushyiraho umuntu uzagutwara mu rugo.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gupima indwara ya endoscope? Ese birababaza?

Ubusanzwe gupima indwara ya endoskopia bifata hagati y'iminota 30 n'amasaha 2 kugira ngo bikorwe. Ibi biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini. Abantu benshi bataha mu rugo umunsi umwe n'ikizamini cya endoskopia. Ariko, hari uburyo bwo gupima endoskopia busaba kurara mu bitaro.

Ku buvuzi bwinshi bwa endoskopiya, abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwo kuruhuka buri ku rugero ruciriritse . Ibi bivuze ko uzaba usinziriye mu gihe cyo kubagwa kandi nta bubabare uzumva.. Mu bihe bike cyane, ni ngombwa gukura abantu mu bitotsi burundu (`(Anesthesia rusange)`) (ni ukuvuga gushyiramo umuyoboro wo guhumeka `(Intubation)`). Hari abantu bashobora guhabwa umuti ugabanya gusa agace runaka (`(Anesthesia yo mu gace)`) udafite umuti ugabanya ibitotsi, n'umuti ubaruhura (`(Sedative)`).

Iyo umaze kumva uruhutse cyane cyangwa usinziriye, muganga azashyiramo buhoro buhoro endoscope kugeza igeze aho ashaka gusuzuma. Hanyuma, azayikoresha arebe ingingo n'ibice ashaka gusuzuma kuri ecran. Iyo hari ibitagenda neza, azabyandika, kandi nibiba ngombwa, afate agace k'uruti cyangwa akore ubuvuzi.

Iyo habaye incision, iba ifunze.

Ese bizababaza? Oya. Kubera umuti utuma umuntu adakora neza, ntuzumva ububabare ubwo ari bwo bwose mu gihe cyo gupima. Mu bizamini bimwe na bimwe, nko gupima indwara y'imitsi, ushobora kumva ubabara gato iyo umuyoboro w'amaraso ushyizwemo. Ariko ibyo bihita bishira.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo gukorerwa endoskopiya?

Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakurikirana ibimenyetso by'ubuzima bwawe. Ushobora kumva usinziriye gato kubera imiti yo gusinzira. Ariko abantu benshi bataha uwo munsi. Uzakenera kwitonda gato kuri uwo munsi kandi ukirinda gukora ibintu bitoroshye.

Bitewe n'ubwoko bwa endoscopiyo wakorewe, baza muganga wawe icyo wakwitega mu gihe cyo gukira.

Hari ingaruka mbi zibaho?

Ingaruka nyinshi zigenda zigabanuka mu minsi mike ya mbere . Ziterwa n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini cyakorewe n'aho endoscope yashyizwe. Urugero, niba endoscope yashyizwe mu muhogo, ushobora kugira amarira n'ububabare gato mu muhogo. Niba endoscope yashyizwe mu mara, ushobora kumva wuzuye, uribwa mu gifu, ndetse ukagira isesemi.

Muganga wawe azakubwira uburyo bwo kugabanya ubu burwayi no kuguha imiti igabanya ububabare nibiba ngombwa.

Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umenye ibisubizo?

Muganga wawe azakubwira igihe ushobora kwitega kumenya ibisubizo. Bashobora kukubwira kuri uwo munsi, cyangwa bakagusaba kugaruka ku wundi munsi kugira ngo muganire ku bisubizo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Endoskopi ni uburyo busanzwe bufatwa nk'ubutekanye . Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, ingorane nk'ibikomere byo mu mutima n'ubwandu zishobora kubaho. Niba uhuye na kimwe muri ibi bikurikira , hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya :

• Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu: umuriro, ubukonje, no kunyeganyega. Iyo aho hakozwe hatukura kandi habyimbye.
• Iyo intebe ari umukara kandi irahagarara .
• Iyo habayeho ububabare bukabije cyangwa kuva amaraso mu gisebe.
• Niba ufite inkorora idakira cyangwa amaraso aturutse mu nkorora.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka .
• Niba ubabara mu gatuza .

Ese nawe urota ibijyanye na endoscopiya?

Biterwa n'ikizamini kiri gukorwa. Ku bizamini bireba urugimbu rwawe (urwungano ngogozi - GI tract), ushobora kuba usinziriye. Ku zindi ndwara, ushobora kuba uri maso, ariko ushobora guhabwa imiti yo kugabanya ububabare.

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira niba uzasinzira mu gihe cyo gupimwa.

Nubwo wahabwa umuti ugabanya ububabare, gushyiramo umuyoboro mu mubiri wawe bishobora kugaragara nk'ibintu bishimishije. Ariko tekereza ku byiza byabyo. Hari igihe, ndetse n'ikizamini cyoroshye nka ultrasound gishobora kugaragaza neza indwara wabura. Ibyo nibibaho, ntuzakenera gusubira kwa muganga ngo ukore ibizamini byinshi. Bimwe mu biopsies bishobora gufatwa gusa hakoreshejwe endoscopy. Endoscopy ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe. Ishobora kwihutisha kubagwa no kugabanya igihe cyo gukira.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kumenya (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima indwara ya endoskopia bumara iminota 30 gusa . Kenshi na kenshi, ushobora gutaha uwo munsi. Icy'ingenzi ni ukwibuka ko iyo ukoze ubu buryo bwo gupima, uba wita ku buzima bwawe. Nta mpamvu yo gutinya . Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, vugana na muganga wawe. Ibyo bizagufasha kumva wisanzuye.

Rero, niba ugomba gukorerwa endoscopy, itegure neza, ukurikize amabwiriza ya muganga, maze byose bizagenda neza!

Endoskopiya , Endoskopiya, Gusuzuma, Isuzuma ry'imbere, Ubuvuzi butari ubwo kubaga, Ibipimo by'ubuvuzi