Twese tuzi ubwoba n'imihangayiko bizanwa no kumva kwa muganga ko umwe mu bagize umuryango cyangwa inshuti afite indwara ikomeye y'amaraso cyangwa kanseri y'amaraso. Ariko bitewe n'iterambere ry'ubuvuzi muri iki gihe, hari uburyo bukomeye bwo kuvura indwara nk'izo. Bumwe muri ubwo buryo bwo kuvura ubuzima bwitwa "Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant." Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'irigoye, reka tuganire ku bibaho muri ibi mu buryo bworoshye cyane .
Gutera uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo two mu bwoko bwa allogeneic ni iki?
Mu magambo make, ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho uturemangingo tw’umubiri twarwaye kandi tudakora neza mu mubiri wawe hanyuma tukabisimbuza uturemangingo tw’umubiri dufite ubuzima bwiza kandi duhuye n’undi muntu (uwaduhaye).
Noneho reka tubisobanureho gato.
- Uturemangingo tw’amaraso: Dushobora kandi kwita utu "turemangingo" kuko utwo turemangingo turi nk'uruganda rukora utundi turemangingo tw’amaraso twose mu mubiri wacu (uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera, uduce duto tw’amaraso). Utwo turemangingo tw’amaraso ahanini tuboneka mu musokoro w’amagufwa yacu.
- Allogeneic: Iri jambo risobanura "kwakirwa n'undi muntu." Ibi bivuze ko ubuvuzi bukoresha uturemangingo tw'umubiri tuvuye ku muntu muzima kandi uhuza n'abandi, atari utwawe.
Tekereza ko umworera wacu umeze nk'umurima wirabura ufite ubutaka bwiza. Muri uwo murima niho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dukurira. Ariko mu ndwara nka kanseri y'amaraso, uyu murima urangirika, maze ibyatsi bibi (uturemangingo twa kanseri) bigakura aho gukura imbuto nziza. Rero, muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura, ubwo butaka bwangiritse (umworera w'amagufwa urwaye) burakurwaho burundu bugasimbuzwa ubutaka bushya, bwiza kandi bwiza (uturemangingo tw'umutanga). Hanyuma, uturemangingo tw'amaraso tuzima dutangira gukura muri ubwo butaka bushya.
Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ni uburyo bukomeye kandi bushobora gukiza burundu indwara zimwe na zimwe zikomeye. Abaganga bakunze gukoresha ubu buryo iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bwananiwe cyangwa iyo indwara yongeye kugaruka.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa?
Ikunze gukoreshwa ku ndwara zijyanye n'amaraso n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Dore zimwe mu ndwara z'ingenzi.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Leukemia ikabije ya Lymphoblastic (YOSE) | Lymphocytes, ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera tuboneka mu maraso no mu musemburo w'amagufwa, tuba uturemangingo twa kanseri. |
| Leukemia ikabije ya Myeloid (AML) | Kanseri y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso ikomoka ku turemangingo fatizo twa myeloid. |
| Anemia yo mu bwoko bwa Aplastic | Kwangirika kw'umusemburo w'amagufwa bibuza umubiri gukora uturemangingo dushya tw'amaraso duhagije. |
| Lymphoma | Kanseri igaragara mu mitsi y'amaraso. |
| Indwara ya Myelodysplastic | Ikorwa ritameze neza ry'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu musokoro w'amagufwa. |
| Indwara y'uturemangingo tw'umusemburo | Indwara y’uruhererekane aho imiterere y’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso ihinduka kandi imikorere yatwo ikagabanuka. |
Witegura gute kuvurwa?
Kubera ko ubu ari uburyo bukomeye bwo kuvura, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakora ibizamini byinshi mbere y’uko umubiri wawe ubyihanganira.
- Ibizamini by'amaraso: Ibintu nko kubara amaraso yose (CBC) bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe urugero rw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo tw'umweru tw'amaraso, na plaquettes.
- Ibipimo by'umutima: Echocardiogram (kugira ngo harebwe uko umutima ukora) na electrocardiogram (EKG) kugira ngo harebwe uko umutima uhagaze.
- Ibizamini bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y'umwijima n'impyiko .
- Isuzuma ry'Umwobo w'Amagufwa: Iyo urwaye kanseri, hafatwa urugero ruto rw'umusobo w'amagufwa hanyuma bigapimwa kugira ngo harebwe imiterere y'indwara n'ibyago byo kongera kugaruka.
Iyo ibi bizamini byose bimaze gukorwa kandi bikagaragara ko uri umuntu mwiza, igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubuvuzi, cyitwa "pre-transplant conditioning," kiratangira. Ibi bisaba imiti myinshi cyangwa imirasire ku mubiri wose. Iki gihe gishobora kuba ingorabahizi. Ariko ni ngombwa.
Kuki ubu buryo bwo kuvura mbere y'uko butangira ari ingenzi cyane?
- Bisenya uturemangingo twa kanseri dusigaye mu mubiri wawe.
- Ikuraho uturemangingo bishaje kandi twarwaye mu musokoro w'amagufwa yawe kandi igatuma uturemangingo dushya dukura.
- Bigabanya imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe by'igihe gito. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo umubiri wawe uhagarike kwibasira no kwanga uturemangingo dushya twatanzwe.
Ugomba kumara icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri mu bitaro kugira ngo uvurwe.
Ni iki kibaho ku munsi wo gutera uturemangingo?
Uburyo bwo gutera uturemangingo mu by’ukuri bworoshye cyane kandi nta bubabare bubabaza , kimwe no gutanga amaraso.
Itsinda ry'abaganga rizashyira umuyoboro wihariye mu mutsi munini uri mu gituza cyawe cyo hejuru. Ibi byitwa Catheter yo mu mitsi yo hagati (CVC) . Agafuka karimo uturemangingo tw’umubiri tuzima duturuka ku muntu utanga utwo dukoko gahuzwa n’uyu muyoboro. Hanyuma uturemangingo twinjizwa buhoro buhoro mu mubiri wawe, binyuze mu maraso yawe, no mu musemburo w’amagufwa yawe, nk’umuti wa saline.
Iki gikorwa kimara iminota 30 kugeza ku isaha. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ry’abaganga rizicara iruhande rwawe rigakurikirana umuvuduko w’amaraso yawe n’umuvuduko w’umutima wawe. Hari igihe ingaruka mbi nke zishobora kubaho.
- Kumva ukonje
- Guhumeka gake gakomeye
- Umuriro
Ariko ibi akenshi ntabwo ari ibintu bikomeye.
Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?
Igihe cy'ingenzi cyo gukira gitangira nyuma yo guterwa uturemangingo tw'ingirabuzimafatizo. Uzakenera kuguma mu bitaro cyangwa hafi yabyo mu byumweru bike.
- Kugenzura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Uzakomeza guhabwa imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kugira ngo wirinde ko umubiri wawe wibasira uturemangingo dushya no gukumira ko uturemangingo dushya twibasira umubiri wawe.
- Guterwa amaraso: Bifata igihe kugira ngo uturemangingo dushya dutangire gukora no gukora uturemangingo dushya dutukura na plaquettes. Muri icyo gihe, ushobora gukenera guterwa amaraso.
- Uburinzi ku ndwara zandura: Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe buba bufite intege nke cyane muri iki gihe, bityo hitawe cyane ku kwirinda indwara zandura ziterwa na bagiteri na virusi.
Uburyo uturemangingo dushya tunyuramo tujya mu musokoro w'amagufwa, tugatura aho ngaho, tugatangira gukora uturemangingo dushya tw'amaraso bwitwa "engraftment." Ibi bishobora gufata iminsi 10 kugeza kuri 14.
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire neza?
Iyi ni inzira ndende. Bishobora gufata imyaka ibiri cyangwa irenga kugira ngo ukire neza. Bishobora gufata umwaka kugira ngo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukire.
Ingaruka zidasanzwe ugomba kumenya: Indwara ya GVHD (Gluten vs. Hosted Disease)
Iyi ni yo ngorane ikunze kugaragara cyane mu gutera allogeneic. Mu magambo make, bibaho iyo uturemangingo dushya tw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri duturutse ku muntu watanze (umuti) twibasira uturemangingo n’ingingo z’umubiri wawe (umuti) . Ni nk’aho “umushyitsi atera umuti.”
Ibi bishobora kuba byoroheje cyangwa bikomeye. Niyo mpamvu imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri itangwa buri gihe. Ugomba kumenya neza ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara.
Ibimenyetso bigomba kumenyeshwa muganga wawe ako kanya
Iyo ugiye mu rugo nyuma yo kuvurwa, ugomba kwitondera cyane ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe. Niba kimwe muri ibi kigaragaye, hamagara itsinda ry’abaganga ako kanya.
| Icyiciro cy'ibimenyetso | Ibintu byo kwitondera |
|---|---|
| Ibimenyetso bya GVHD bishobora kuba birimo: | |
| Inda | Kubabara mu gifu, isesemi no kuruka, impiswi (kwibyimba) |
| Uruhu n'amaso | Uruhu rushyuha, uruhu ruhinduka umuhondo cyangwa amaso (jaundice) |
| Bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ubwandu | |
| Ibiranga rusange | Umuriro uri hejuru ya selisiyusi 38 (100.4 Fahrenheit) cyangwa urenga, ubukonje |
| Uruhushya rwo guhumeka | Inkorora, kwitsamura, izuru riva, guhumeka bigoranye |
| Ibindi bintu | Kuzungera, gukenera kunyara kenshi, cyangwa gushya iyo uri kunyara |
Itandukaniro riri hagati yo guterwa "allogeneic" na "autologous"
Ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye gutera uturemangingo tw’umubiri mu buryo bwa autologous . Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’ibyo byombi ni aho uturemangingo dukomoka.
- Allogeneic: Utunyangingo tuboneka ku wundi muntu (umutanga).
- Autologous: Uturemangingo dufatwa mu murwayi . Ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo tw’umubiri w’umurwayi twiza ubwatwo dufatwa mbere hanyuma tukagasubizwa nyuma yo guhabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara.
Gutera allogeneic bishobora gukiza burundu indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Akenshi, izi nganda zirokora ubuzima zikorwa n'abaterankunga batazwi tutigeze tubona. Hari igihe abagize umuryango baba abaterankunga. Nubwo hari ingaruka kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura, inyungu nazo ziba nyinshi cyane. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibi byose kandi agufashe gufata icyemezo cyiza kuri wewe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutera uturemangingo tw’igufwa twa allogeneic ni ugusimbuza uturemangingo tw’igufwa twarwaye uturemangingo tw’igufwa twavuye ku muntu muzima utanga uturemangingo.
- Ubu ni uburyo bukomeye bwo kuvura indwara zikomeye z'amaraso nka leukemia, lymphoma, na aplastic anemia.
- Ni ngombwa gutegura umubiri hakoreshejwe imiti ivura indwara nyinshi cyangwa imirasire mbere yo kuvurwa.
- Ingorane nyamukuru ishobora kubaho nyuma yo kuvurwa ni indwara ya Graft vs. Host Disease (GVHD), kandi ni ngombwa guhora ubizi neza n'ibimenyetso by'ubwandu.
- Iyi ni inzira ndende yo gukira, kandi ni ngombwa cyane kumenyesha muganga wawe cyangwa itsinda ry’abaganga vuba ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.
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