Iyo muganga wawe akubwiye ko urwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyigenzura. Ibintu nk'indyo nziza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho bishobora kugira akamaro kanini. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, ushobora gukenera gukoresha insuline n'indi miti kugira ngo ugenzure neza urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe. Rero, hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gufata insuline. Bumwe ni insuline ya bolus, ubundi ni insuline y'ibanze, twavuga uyu munsi.
None se, insuline y'ibanze ni iki?
Mu magambo make, ibi byitwa kandi "insuline y'inyuma." Tekereza, pancreas mu mubiri w'umuntu muzima ikora insuline buhoro buhoro umunsi wose, amasaha 24 ku munsi. Nubwo tutarya, iyi insuline ikenewe mu mikorere y'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu. Iyi ni yo twita insuline y'ibanze.
Iyi nzira isanzwe ntibaho neza mu mubiri w'umuntu urwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2. Icyo gihe ni bwo muganga wawe azakugira inama yo gufata "Insulin yo hanze." Iyo iyi insuline itewe, yinjizwa vuba mu mubiri kandi igafasha mu gutuma isukari yo mu maraso yawe igumana ubuziranenge umunsi wose.
Ubusanzwe, niba utangiye insuline yo kuvura diyabete, muganga wawe azagutangira iyi 'insuline y'ibanze'. Ushobora gutangira ukoresheje urushinge rumwe ku munsi. Niba ibyo bidahagije, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kongeramo insuline y'uburozi ikora vuba kugira ngo uyifate mbere cyangwa nyuma yo kurya.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa insuline y'ibanze ihari?
Insulini yo mu bwoko bwa basal ikunze guterwa mu gipimo cy'ibinure kiri munsi y'uruhu. Ushobora gukoresha seringi n'urushinge kuri ibi. Hariho kandi amakaramu yo gukoresha mbere yo kuzuza yoroshye gukoresha kuri bamwe.
Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwa insuline y'ibanze. Izi zitandukanye bitewe n'uburyo zitangira gukora vuba mu mubiri (zitangiye), igihe zigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru (zigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru), n'igihe zimara mu mubiri (igihe zimara). Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bukubereye bitewe n'ibintu nk'urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe n'imibereho yawe.
| Ubwoko bwa insuline | Ibisobanuro n'ingero |
|---|---|
| Ikoranabuhanga ry'igihe kiri hagati | Ibi bitangira gukora mu isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri, bikagera ku rwego rwo hejuru hagati y'amasaha 4-12, kandi bikamara amasaha agera kuri 24. Ex: NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) |
| Ikora igihe kirekire | Ibi bifata amasaha agera kuri 2 kugira ngo byinjire mu maraso. Ariko bikomeza gukora amasaha agera kuri 24. Ubwo bwoko ntabwo bufite "agahenge" kanini, ni ukuvuga ko budafite amahirwe yo kugera ku rugero rwo hejuru icyarimwe. Bityo, bukora insuline mu buryo busanzwe kandi bukagira ingaruka zimwe. Ex: Detemir (Levemir), Glargine (Basaglar, Lantus) |
| Ikora igihe kirekire cyane | Ibi bifata hagati y'isaha 1-6 kugira ngo bitangire gukora, ariko bishobora kumara amasaha 36 cyangwa arenga. Ubu bwoko nabwo ntibugira "agahenge", bityo imikorere ikomeza kuba imwe. Ex: Degludec (Tresiba), Glargine u-300 (Toujeo) |
Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha insuline y'ibanze?
Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye z'ibi ni uko ukeneye gutera inshinge rimwe cyangwa kabiri gusa ku munsi, ibyo bikaba ari ibintu byoroshye cyane ugereranyije na insuline ya bolus ifatwa mu gihe cyo kurya.
Nanone, ubona ubwisanzure bwinshi n'ubworoherane . Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko ukomeza igihe cyo kurya no kwitera inshinge. Ushobora kwitemberera gato kugira ngo urye, ukore akazi kawe, cyangwa se ugire ingendo.
Izi insuline zigira uruhare runini mu gukumira isukari nke mu maraso (hypoglycemia), cyane cyane mu gihe cyo kwiyiriza ubusa nijoro.
Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'isukari mu maraso ni ikintu tugomba kwitondera cyane mu kuvura insuline. Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera ibibazo by'umutima, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'urupfu. Kubwibyo, kugabanya iyi ngaruka ni akarusho gakomeye ka `Basal Insulin`.
None se, nta ngaruka mbi zihari? Reka twige kandi ku ngaruka mbi zibitera.
Mu by’ukuri, insuline ni umuti wizewe cyane, ariko rimwe na rimwe ingaruka mbi nke zishobora kubaho.
Ikintu cya mbere ni igiciro . Insulini zimwe na zimwe zikora igihe kirekire zishobora kuba zihenze gato kurusha izindi zikora igihe gito. Rero icyo ni ikintu tugomba kuzirikana.
Ingaruka mbi z'ingenzi
- Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia):Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni uko umubiri ubona insuline nyinshi kuruta isukari iri mu mubiri muri ako kanya. Iyo ibi bibaye, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nko kumva ufite intege nke, uhinda umushyitsi, urakaye, ubira ibyuya, no gutera umutima mu buryo butari bwo . Niba uhuye n'iki kintu nk'iki, jya urya vuba ikintu kirimo isukari nke (urugero: ikinyobwa cyiza, tofe) hanyuma ubibwire muganga wawe.
- Kwiyongera ibiro: Iki ni ikibazo ku bantu benshi. Insulini ifasha uturemangingo gukoresha isukari mu byo kurya byoroshye kugira ngo tubone ingufu. Ariko, iyo dukoresheje karori nyinshi kurusha izo umubiri wacu ukeneye, iyo sukari y'inyongera ishobora kubikwa nk'ibinure mu turemangingo bigatuma turushaho kwiyongera ibiro. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugira indyo nziza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri .
- Allergie aho inshinge ziterwa: Hari igihe aho inshinge ziterwa hashobora gutukura, kubyimba, cyangwa gushya. Ibi bishobora kugabanuka ukoresheje kuzunguruka aho inshinge ziterwa aho ari ho hose.
Namenya nte ingano ya insuline nkeneye?
Iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. Wibuke ko muganga wawe ari we wenyine ushobora kugena ingano ya insuline ukeneye. Ntuzigere uhindura ingano ya insuline yawe ukurikije uko wiyumva cyangwa ibyo undi muntu akubwiye.
Muganga wawe ubusanzwe azagutangira ku gipimo cy’ibanze bitewe n’ibiro byawe . Hanyuma, azakurikirana urugero rw’isukari mu maraso yawe mu minsi mike hanyuma ahindure igipimo buhoro buhoro (urugero, ku bipimo 2-4) kugira ngo ashake igipimo gikwiye. Ibi ni nko kugerageza ikanzu. Bizafata igihe kugira ngo ubone igipimo gikwiye. Rero ihangane kandi ukurikize amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza .
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Insulini yo mu bwoko bwa basal ni uburyo bwo kuvura bumeze nk'uburyo umubiri wacu ukora umunsi wose.
- Iyo ukoresheje ibi, uba ufite ubwisanzure bwinshi kuko umubare w'inshinge ku munsi uba ugabanutse kandi ntabwo uhujwe n'amafunguro.
- Inyungu nyamukuru ni ukugenzura isukari mu maraso mu buryo buhamye no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara hypoglycemia, cyane cyane nijoro.
- Kugena no guhindura ingano ya insuline yawe bigomba gukorwa na muganga gusa . Ntukigere ugerageza kuyihindura wowe ubwawe.
- Menya ingaruka mbi nko kugabanuka kw'isukari mu maraso no kwiyongera ibiro. Niba ufite impungenge, vugana na muganga wawe ku bisubizo byazo.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.