Ese imitsi y'umwana wawe isa n'aho igenda irushaho kugabanuka? Reka tuvuge kuri iyi (Becker Muscular Dystrophy)!

Ese wigeze ubona ko hari abana cyangwa urubyiruko bagira ingorane zo kugenda, kwiruka, cyangwa kuzamuka ingazi kurusha abandi? Cyangwa se wigeze wumva imitsi yabo igenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro? Ahari impamvu y'ibi ni indwara tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi, yitwa `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`. Ntugahangayike, reka dusobanure byose mu magambo yoroshye.

`(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` ni iki? Mu magambo make cyane...

`(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`, izwi kandi nka `(BMD)` mu magambo ahinnye, ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu buryo bw'uturemangingo. Ikibaho ni uko imitsi yo mu mubiri igenda icika intege buhoro buhoro kandi imikorere yayo ikagabanuka. Mu by'ukuri, iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo. Iyi ndwara ikunze kwibasira abahungu n'abagabo. Impamvu yayo ni `(X-linked inheritance)`, bivuze ko iragwa na nyina (niba ari we uyitwara) ku mwana w'umuhungu.

Ubu burwayi bw'imitsi bukunze gutangirira mu maguru no mu kibuno, kandi uko igihe kigenda gihita, bushobora gukwirakwira no mu maboko yo hejuru, bivuze umubiri wo hejuru.

Mu bwoko bwa dystrophy y'imitsi buzwi ubu, BMD ishobora kuba ubwoko bwa gatatu bukunze kugaragara mu bantu bakuru, nyuma ya myotonic dystrophy na facioscapulohumeral dystrophy.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` na `(Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy)`?

Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara yitwa `(Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy)` cyangwa `(DMD)`. `(BMD)` na `(DMD)` byombi biterwa n'impinduka muri gene imwe, ni ukuvuga gene ikora poroteyine yitwa `(dystrophin). Iyi poroteyine yitwa `(dystrophin)` ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bw'imitsi yacu.

Ariko dore itandukaniro:

• Umuntu urwaye DMD nta poroteyine ya dystrophin aba afite mu mitsi ye.
• Umuntu urwaye BMD aba afite dystrophine mu mitsi ye, ariko ntibihagije.

Bityo rero, indwara ya `(BMD)` ntabwo ikomeye cyane ugereranyije na `(DMD)`, kandi ibimenyetso bigaragara kandi bigatera imbere buhoro cyane ugereranyije na `(DMD)`. Ariko, ibimenyetso muri rusange ni bimwe kuri byombi.

Ni nde wibasirwa cyane n'iyi ndwara (Becker Muscular Dystrophy)?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, BMD yibasira cyane abagabo. Nyamara, abagore banduye BMD (ni ukuvuga abafite ingirabuzimafatizo itera iyi ndwara ariko ntibagaragaze ibimenyetso) rimwe na rimwe bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso. Ariko, akenshi ntabwo bikabije cyane, kandi ntabwo bikabije cyane.

Akenshi, ibimenyetso bitangira hagati y’imyaka 5 na 15. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kubibona nyuma.

`(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by'ukuri indwara ya BMD ni indwara idakunze kugaragara.Iyi ndwara yibasira abana bari hagati ya 3 na 6 mu bana 100.000 bavutse. Kandi nk'uko twabivuze, yibasira abahungu cyane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`?

Ibimenyetso bya BMD akenshi bitangira hagati y'imyaka 5 na 15, ariko bishobora kugaragara nyuma. Ikibaho ni uko intege nke z'imitsi ziyongera buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Rero, ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kugorana kuzamuka ingazi.
• Kugorwa no kugenda, kandi ingorane ziyongera uko igihe kigenda.
• Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri (kumva unaniwe nubwo waba ufite imyitozo ngororamubiri mike).
• Kubabara imitsi cyangwa imitsi ihindagurika (nk'aho umuntu ababara).
• Gugwa kenshi.
• Kugenda n'amaguru.
• Kumva unaniwe igihe cyose (Umunaniro).

Tekereza, niba umwana wawe atari kwiruka no gukina nk'uko yabikoraga mbere, akavuga ati "Mama, ndananiwe" ndetse na nyuma yo kugenda akanya gato, cyangwa niba ananiwe vuba kurusha abandi bana iyo bakinnye ku ishuri, ni byiza kubyitaho gato.

Uretse ibi, BMD ishobora gutera ibindi bimenyetso:

• Indwara y'umutima : Iki ni ikintu cyo kwitondera.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Hari itandukaniro mu myigire (nk'igihe kirekire cyo gusobanukirwa ibintu bimwe kurusha ibindi).
• Gutakaza uburinganire bw'umubiri no guhuza ibikorwa.

Abagore banduye BMD bashobora kuba bafite indwara y’umutima cyangwa intege nke z’imitsi. Bivugwa ko hafi 22% by’abayirwaye bazagaragaza ibimenyetso, ariko ibi biratandukanye cyane bitewe n’umuntu ku giti cye.

Ni iki gitera `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`?

BMD ni indwara y’uturemangingo ivukanwa. Iterwa n’impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ikora poroteyine yitwa dystrophin. Dystrophin ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu mibiri yacu dukomeze gukomera no guhagarara neza.

Rero, iyo habayeho impinduka muri iyi gene ya `(dystrophin)`, poroteyine ya `(dystrophin)` ntikorwa, cyangwa ingano y’ikorwa igabanuka cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uko igihe kigenda gihita, imitsi iracika intege igatangira kwangirika.

Ni gute Becker Muscular Dystrophy yarazwe? Iki ni ikintu ugomba gusobanukirwa gato!

`(BMD)` iragwa mu buryo bwitwa `(X-linked recessive inheritance)`. Noneho reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

• X-linked bivuze ko gene itera BMD iri kuri chromosome X. Nkuko mubizi, dufite chromosomes ebyiri z'igitsina, X na Y.
• Gusubira inyuma bivuze ko kugira ngo iyi ndwara iboneke, kopi zombi z’uturemangingo tw’umubiri (dufite kopi ebyiri za hafi buri turemangingo) zigomba kuba zifite ubwoko bw’indwara cyangwa impinduka itera iyo ndwara.

Ariko iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi:

• Abagabo (XY) bafite chromosome imwe ya X. Rero, niba hari inenge muri gene ijyanye n'iyo chromosome imwe ya X, birahagije gutera `(BMD)`.
• Abagore bafite chromosomes ebyiri za X (XX) . Rero kugira ngo indwara ifata X-linked recessive igaragare, ubusanzwe kopi zombi za gene zigomba kuba zifite inenge. Ariko, abagore bafite gene ifite inenge kuri chromosome imwe ya X gusa bitwa "abayitwara." Akenshi, aba bayitwara ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso. Ariko, ni gake cyane, ibimenyetso byoroheje cyangwa biri hagati bishobora kubaho.

Noneho reba uko ibi bigenda bisimburana mu bisekuruza:

• Ku mubyeyi ufite iyi ndwara (ufite gene ifite inenge kuri chromosome imwe ya X) :
• Iyo umuhungu avutse, hari amahirwe angana na 50% ko umuhungu azagira ikibazo cya `(BMD)`.
• Niba ufite umukobwa, hari amahirwe angana na 50% ko azaba ari umutwazi.
• Ku mubyeyi ufite ikibazo cya (BMD) :
• Ntabwo ashobora kwanduza abahungu be iyi ndwara (kuko se aha umuhungu chromosome ya Y).
• Ariko abakobwa be bose bazaba banduye (kuko se yahaye umukobwa chromosome X ifite inenge).

Urabyumva? Ibi bishobora gusa nkaho bigoye gato, ariko mu magambo make, umuhungu ashobora kubihabwa na nyina, iyo nyina ari we umutwaje.

Ni gute indwara ya `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` ipimwa?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mukekwaho kuba mufite BMD, muganga wawe ashobora kugukorera isuzuma ry’umubiri, isuzuma ry’imitsi, n’isuzuma ry’imitsi. Bazakubaza kandi ibimenyetso byawe n’amateka y’ubuzima bwawe, harimo niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira indwara nk’izo.

Mu gihe cy'ibi bizamini, muganga ashobora kubona ibintu nk'ibi:

• Imitsi yo mu maguru no mu kibuno yaracitse intege.
• Nubwo imitsi yo mu gice cy'ikibuno ishobora kugaragara nk'aho ari minini iyo uyirebye bwa mbere (ibi byitwa "pseudohypertrophy" ), mu by'ukuri iba ifite intege nke. Ni nk'aho yabyimbye imbere gusa.
• Kugorama k'umugongo (scoliosis) hamwe n'ubumuga bumwe na bumwe bw'igituza.
• Ubusembwa bw'imitsi, urugero, gufungana burundu kw'imitsi, imitsi, n'uruhu mu gatsinsino no ku maguru (contractures) .

Ni ibihe bipimo bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`?

Niba muganga wawe akeka ko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe afite BMD, ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima ibi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma ry'amaraso ya Creatine kinase: Iyo imitsi yangiritse, irekura enzyme yitwa creatine kinase mu maraso. Umuntu urwaye BMD ashobora kugira urugero rw'iyi creatine kinase inshuro eshanu cyangwa zirenga ugereranije n'ibisanzwe.
• Ikizamini cy'amaraso ya genetike: Iki kizamini cy'amaraso ya genetike, gisuzuma impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya Dystrophin, gishobora gusuzuma BMD burundu.

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe byemejwe ko ufite BMD, muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo kwipimisha Electrocardiogram (EKG) cyangwa Echocardiogram kugira ngo urebe niba hari ibibazo by'imitsi y'umutima bishobora guterwa na BMD.

Indwara ya Becker Muscular Dystrophy ivurwa ite?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti uhari wa BMD. Bityo rero, intego nyamukuru yo kuvura ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso no kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza bushoboka.

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura BMD:

1. Corticosteroids: Urugero, imiti nka prednisolone. Iyi miti ifasha kunoza imikorere y'ibihaha, igatuma indwara ya scoliosis itera, igatuma indwara y'umutima n'umutima bigabanuka, kandi ikongera igihe cyo kubaho.

2. Gusubira mu buzima: Ibi bifasha umurwayi kugumana ubushobozi bwe bwo gukora igihe kirekire no kunoza ubuzima bwe.

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri bufasha gukomeza imitsi.
• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga, ubuvuzi bw'akazi, n'ubuvuzi bwo kwidagadura bishobora gufasha mu mirimo ya buri munsi.

Uretse ibi, hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha indwara ya BMD:

• Ibifasha mu kugenda nk'amaguru - urugero nk'inkoni, amagare y'abamugaye, n'udukoresho two gushyigikirira amaguru.
• Imiti ivura `(Cardiomyopathy)` - urugero `(ACE inhibitors)` na `(beta-blockers)` .
• Kubagwa kugira ngo bifashe mu gihe cyo gucika intege no gupfuka kw'imitsi.
• Iyo ibibazo byo guhumeka bikomeye (kunanirwa guhumeka) , tracheostomy (kubaga kugira ngo ufungure trachea) hamwe no guhumeka by’ubukorano bishobora kuba ngombwa.

Inkuru nziza ni uko imiti myinshi mishya yo kuvura `(BMD)` irimo gupimwa mu buvuzi kandi ishobora kuzatanga umusaruro mu gihe kizaza. (Ikosa ryo guhindura mu buryo bw'umwimerere, rikwiye kuba Sinhala: Inkuru nziza ni uko imiti myinshi mishya yo kuvura `(BMD)` irimo gupimwa mu buvuzi. Ishobora kuzatanga umusaruro mu gihe kizaza.)

Ku bw'amahirwe, imiti myinshi mishya ishobora kuvura BMD iri mu igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi, kandi dushobora kwitega ibisubizo byiza kuri yo mu gihe kizaza.

Ese indwara ya Becker Muscular Dystrophy ishobora kwirindwa?

Kubera ko BMD ari indwara umuntu avukana, nta kintu na kimwe twakora ngo tuyirinde.

Ariko, niba ufite BMD, cyangwa niba ufite impungenge ko ushobora kuba ufite BMD cyangwa indi ndwara ya genetiki, ganira na muganga wawe kuri iyo ngingo mbere yuko ubyara abana.Ni byiza cyane gusaba inama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri.

Ni iki giteganyijwe ku ndwara ya Becker Muscular Dystrophy?

Uko umuntu urwaye BMD ahagaze bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu. Iyi ni intambwe y'ubumuga igenda ikura buhoro buhoro. Ariko, uburemere bw'ubumuga buratandukanye. Hari abantu bashobora gukenera intebe y'abamugaye, mu gihe abandi bashobora gukenera gukoresha ibikoresho byo kugenda (inkoni, imbago).

Ariko, iyo umuntu ufite `(BMD)` afite indwara y'umutima cyangwa ibibazo byo guhumeka, igihe cye cyo kubaho gishobora kugabanuka.

Ingorane zishobora guterwa na BMD ni izi:

• Ingorane z'umutima, cyane cyane `(Cardiomyopathy)`.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka guterwa n'intege nke z'imitsi yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero.
• Umusonga cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero.
• Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ubumuga buriyongera kandi umuntu ntashobore gukora akazi ke ku giti cye.
• Kuvunika kw'amagufwa.

Imyaka yo kubaho y'umuntu ufite `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` ni iyihe?

Imyaka yo kubaho k'umuntu urwaye "BMD" ikunze kuba ngufi. Ni ukuvuga hagati y'imyaka 40 na 50. "Dilated cardiomyopathy" (indwara ituma imitsi y'umutima icika intege kandi ikaguka) ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera urupfu.

Nigute nakwita ku muntu urwaye `(BMD)`? Cyangwa nigute nakwitaho?

Niba ufite BMD, ni ngombwa kubona ubuvuzi bwiza kugira ngo wirinde cyangwa uvure ibibazo bya BMD, nk'indwara z'umutima n'ibibazo by'ubuhumekero. Bishobora kandi kuba ingirakamaro kwinjira mu itsinda ry'abaterankunga aho ushobora gusangira ibyakubayeho no guhura n'abandi bakumva.

Niba wita ku muntu urwaye BMD, ni ngombwa kumenya neza ko abona ubuvuzi bwiza, ibikoresho byo kugenda akeneye, n'uburyo bwo kuvura bumufasha gukora ku giti cye. Ni wowe ukwiye kuba umuvugizi we.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga ku bijyanye n'indwara ya `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)`?

Niba wowe (cyangwa umwana wawe) waranduye Becker Muscular Dystrophy, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo bagufashe kuvurwa no gukurikirana ibimenyetso by'indwara yawe.

Tuzi ko indwara nka Becker Muscular Dystrophy itoroshye kuyumva no kuyikemura. Ishobora kuba iremereye cyane. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizaguha gahunda ihamye yo kugufasha ijyanye n'ibimenyetso byawe. Ni ngombwa kumenya neza ko ubona ubufasha ukeneye kandi ukita ku buzima bwawe.

Muri make, ibintu tugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho, dore ibintu byoroshye byo kwibuka kuri `(Becker Muscular Dystrophy)` cyangwa `(BMD)` twavuzeho:

• "(BMD)" ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo ihererekanywa mu bisekuruza bitandukanye. Muri ibi, imitsi igenda icika intege buhoro buhoro.
• IbiBigira ingaruka ku bagabo cyane.
• Impamvu ni inenge iri muri gene ikora poroteyine "dystrophine".
• Ibimenyetso bikunze gutangirira mu bwana (hagati y'imyaka 5 na 15). Ibimenyetso birimo kugorwa no kugenda, umunaniro, no kugwa kenshi.
• Indwara y'umutima (indwara y'imitsi y'umutima) hamwe n'ibibazo by'ubuhumekero bishobora kuba ingorane zikomeye z'iyi ndwara.
• Ubu nta muti uhari wo kurwanya iyi ndwara. Ariko, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bukoreshwa mu kugenzura ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuzima (urugero: imiti ya corticosteroids, physiotherapy).
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango ufite iyi ndwara, ni byiza gushaka inama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri mbere yo kubyara umwana.
• Ni ngombwa kandi cyane gushaka inama n'ubuvuzi buri gihe, ndetse no gukomeza kugira imbaraga zo mu mutwe.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine. Nuhura n'ibi, shaka ubufasha ku baganga, umuryango, inshuti, n'amatsinda y'abaterankunga. Bizaba isoko ikomeye y'imbaraga kuri wewe!

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` Becker muscular dystrophy, BMD, intege nke z'imitsi, indwara za gene, dystrophine, X-linked, gene mutations, ubuzima bw'umwana, indwara z'umutima, physiotherapy