Ese wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite thalassemia? Reka tuganire kuri Beta Thalassemia

Ese uhora wumva unaniwe kandi unaniwe? Hari igihe dutekereza ko ibi bintu ari ibisanzwe, ariko inyuma yabyo hashobora kuba hari indwara iterwa n'amaraso. Beta Thalassemia ni indwara ihererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi mu ngirabuzimafatizo zacu, ariko ishobora kuvurwa. Abantu benshi bafite ubwoba n'amakenga kuri ibi. None rero uyu munsi, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bwumvikana kandi bworoshye.

Mu magambo make, beta thalassemia ni iki?

Biroroshye cyane. Dufite uturemangingo mu maraso yacu twitwa uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. Utwo turemangingo dufite inshingano zo gutwara ogisijeni mu bice byose by’umubiri wacu. Hariho poroteyine yihariye ifasha uturemangingo dutukura gukora aka kazi neza, yitwa hemoglobin .

Noneho, ku muntu urwaye beta thalassemia, umubiri ntukora iyi poroteyine yitwa hemoglobine ihagije. None se bigenda bite? Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso ntidushobora gukora akazi kayo neza, kandi turangirika vuba.

Iyo uturemangingo dutukura tudahagije dufite ubuzima bwiza, umubiri ntubona umwuka wa ogisijeni ukeneye. Iyi ndwara tuyita anemia . Anemia ishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe, ufite intege nke, kandi uhumeka nabi. Iyo iyi ndwara ikomeje, ishobora no kwangiza ingingo z'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa beta thalassemia?

Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwa beta thalassemia, bitewe n'ubukana bwabyo. Ni ingenzi cyane kubisobanukirwa neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa thalassemia ufite n'uburemere bwayo.

• Umuntu ufite thalassemia minor ashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na bimwe agaragaza.
• Abantu bafite thalassemia intermedia na major bashobora kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:
• Uruhu rwerurutse: Uruhu rusa n'urujijo kandi ruhindutse ibara bitewe no kubura amaraso.
• Umunaniro ukabije n'intege nke: Kumva unaniwe, uhora unaniwe.
• Kubyimba inda: Inda irasohoka bitewe no kwaguka kw'ingingo nk'umwijima n'umwobo.
• Inkari zijimye: Inkari ziba zijimye mu ibara.
• Kudindira mu mikurire: Imikurire y'umubiri y'abana igenda buhoro kurusha abandi bana.
• Ubusembwa bw'amagufwa yo mu maso: Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, impinduka mu miterere y'amagufwa yo mu maso.
• Jaundice: Ibara ry'umuhondo ku ruhu n'umweru mu maso.

Ni gute wasuzuma iyi ndwara?

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane hagati y’imyaka 6 na 12. Ishobora kugaragara ku bw’amahirwe iyo ugiye kwa muganga bitewe n’ibimenyetso by’amaraso make, cyangwa mu gihe cyo gupimwa amaraso ku yindi mpamvu.

Hari igihe iyo ubonye amaraso make, ushobora kwibeshya ko impamvu ari ukubura icyuma. Iyo uhaye ibinini by'icyuma muri icyo gihe, bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku murwayi wa thalassemia. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana n'inzobere mu by'amaraso kugira ngo amenye neza indwara.

Kubera ko igaragara mu miryango, hashobora kuba hari abantu bafite thalassemia mu muryango wawe cyangwa mu bavandimwe bawe. Nanone, iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakomoka mu bihugu nka Aziya, Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati, Ubutaliyani, n'Ubugereki.

Bimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Ibi bigenzura umubare, ingano, n'ubukure bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso, na plaquettes mu maraso yawe.
• Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: Iyi ikoreshwa mu kumenya ubwoko nyabwo bwa hemoglobin iri mu maraso yawe n'ingano yayo.
• Ibizamini ku babyeyi batwite: Niba umubyeyi utwite afite imiterere ya thalassemia, ibizamini nka Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) cyangwa Amniocentesis bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba umwana uri mu nda na we yarafashwe n’iyi ndwara.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buzaterwa n'ubwoko bwa thalassemia ufite n'ubukana bwayo.

• Ku bafite indwara zoroheje (Nto): Nta buvuzi bushobora kuba bukenewe.
• Ku bantu bafite uburwayi buri hagati: Hari igihe, nk'igihe habayeho indwara cyangwa ubwandu, guterwa amaraso bishobora kuba ngombwa.
• Ku bantu bafite ikibazo gikomeye (Icyibasira cyane): Kubera ko aba bantu bafite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kubura amaraso, guterwa amaraso buri gihe ni ngombwa.

Gutanga amaraso kenshi bishobora gutuma umubiri wiyongeramo icyuma mu buryo butari ngombwa. Ibi byitwa "Uburemere bw'icyuma." Ubu buremere bw'icyuma bushobora kwiyongera mu ngingo nk'umutima n'umwijima bikabyangiza. Kugira ngo hirindwe ibi, hakorwa ubuvuzi bwo gukuramo icyuma gikabije mu mubiri. Byitwa ubuvuzi bwa chelation y'icyuma . Ibi bitangwa nk'ibinini cyangwa urushinge.

Byongeye kandi, uburyo bukurikira bwo kuvura bushobora gukoreshwa nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse:

• Kubaga gukuraho imikaya.
• Gutera umworo w'amagufwa .
• Uburyo bwo kuvura bugezweho nko kuvura imiterere y'uturemangingo .

Nigute wabaho neza ufite thalassemia?

Nubwo kubana na thalassemia bishobora kugorana, hari byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo wite ku buzima bwawe.

Ibintu ushobora gukora

• Indyo nziza: Kurya imbuto n'imboga nyinshi. Ariko, baza muganga wawe niba ugomba kugabanya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri feri (inyama, amafi, imboga zimwe na zimwe, n'ibinyampeke birimo feri) .
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe: Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri yoroheje nko kugenda n'amaguru no kugendera ku igare.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe: Kurikiza amatariki yo gutanga amaraso n'ingengabihe yo gufata imiti neza. Reba muganga wawe ku minsi yagenwe.
• Irinde kwandura indwara: Karaba intoki zawe kenshi. Irinde abantu barwaye.
• Fata urukingo: Fata inkingo zose zasabwe na muganga wawe, nk'urukingo rw'ibicurane, ku gihe.
• Tekereza ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe: Biragoye gukora uru rugendo wenyine. Vugana n'umuryango wawe n'inshuti zawe. Niba bibaye ngombwa, shaka ubufasha bw'inzobere mu by'imitekerereze cyangwa imitekerereze.

Inama ku barera abana

Niba uri umurezi w'umwana cyangwa umwe mu bagize umuryango urwaye thalassemia, uruhare rwawe ni ingenzi cyane.