Reka tumenye byinshi kuri encephalite. Komeza usome nta bwoba!

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara isa n'aho ikomeye gato. Iyo ni indwara y'ubwonko, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga bayita (Encephalite) . Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba gato, niba tubimenye neza, dushobora gufata ingamba mu gihe gikwiye. Noneho, reka turebe icyo ari cyo, impamvu kibaho, n'uko twakwitonda?

Iyi ndwara yo mu bwonko (Encefalite) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara ya encephalitis ni ukubyimba cyangwa ububyimbirwe buba mu bwonko bwacu . Nk'uko kubyimba bibaho iyo dukomeretse ahantu runaka mu mubiri wacu, ibi bishobora no kubaho no mu bwonko. Akenshi, biterwa na virusi. Hari igihe yitwa "incephalitis ikaze ya virusi" , bivuze umuriro utunguranye wo mu bwonko uterwa na virusi. Irindi zina ni "encephalitis idaseptic". Ibi byose bivuga indwara imwe.

Ni nde ubona ibi cyane kurusha abandi?

Encephalitis mu by'ukuri ni indwara idakunze kugaragara. Ntabwo iba kuri buri wese. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kuyirwara cyane.

• Ku bana bato
• Ku bageze mu za bukuru (ni ukuvuga ku bantu nka ba nyogokuru na ba sogokuruza)
• Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye . Ni ukuvuga abantu bafite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya indwara. Urugero, abantu barwaye virusi itera SIDA, abantu bafite indwara nka kanseri, cyangwa abantu bafata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wabo bari mu kaga gakomeye.

Nk’uko raporo zituruka mu miryango nka CDC zibivuga, abantu ibihumbi barwara iyi ndwara buri mwaka. Nyamara, abaganga bemeza ko abantu benshi bashobora kurwara iyi ndwara, ariko kubera ko ibimenyetso rimwe na rimwe biba bitagaragara cyane, cyangwa bigatangira nk’ibicurane bisanzwe, abantu benshi bashobora kutamenya ko ari indwara ya encephalite.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Ibimenyetso byabyo bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso bikomeye cyane , abandi bakabibona gake cyane .

Ubusanzwe, iyo indwara idakabije ...

Iyo indwara idakomeye cyane, ibimenyetso nk'ibi bishobora kugaragara:

• Umuriro uratangira.
• Umutwe
• Kudashaka kurya ( Anorexia )
• Kumva utakaje imbaraga
• Bisa n'aho umubiri wose wumva uremereye .

Niba indwara ikomeye gato...

Ariko, iyo indwara (encephalitis) ibaye ikomeye, ibimenyetso bishobora kuba bikomeye kurushaho .

• Ndimo kurwara umuriro mwinshi.
• Umutwe wanjye urambabaza cyane.
• Kumva ufite isesemi no kuruka.
• Ijosi rirushaho gukomera, bigorana kurigora (ijosi rigakomera)
• Urujijo - Ibi bivuze ko ubwenge bwawe buvanze n'urujijo, bigatuma bigorana kwibuka icyo uri gukora cyangwa aho uri.
• Impinduka mu miterere - Ushobora kuba utari uwo wari usanzwe.
• Guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa gutitiraKurwara indwara zo mu mutwe (Depressions/Artificials) bishobora kubaho.
• Kugorwa no kuvuga no gusobanukirwa ibyo wumvise
• Kubona ibintu bitahari no kumva amajwi atariho (hallucinations)
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Kumva urimo gusinzira cyane
• Hari igihe gutakaza ubwenge (coma) bishoboka.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga , kuko ibi bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa.

Abakobwa barera amata n'abana bato bameze bate?

Bishobora kugorana gato kumenya ibi bimenyetso ku bana bavutse ndetse n'abana bato batabasha kuvuga. Kubera ko batumva ibiri kubabaho. Kubwibyo, nk'ababyeyi, tugomba kwitondera ibi bintu:

• Kuruka
• Iyo hejuru y'umutwe isa n'aho yuzuye cyangwa yabyimbye, iba ari "agahu koroshye gaturika / fontanel" - ahantu horoshye hejuru y'umutwe w'umwana.
• Niba umwana akomeje kurira, cyangwa akarira cyane iyo umuteruye cyangwa umukozeho .
• Umubiri ukomeye
• Niba usinziriye, udakina, kandi usa n'aho nta buzima ufite (ubunebwe)

Tekereza kuri ibi, hari igihe bitangira nk'ibicurane cyangwa grippe, hanyuma ibi bimenyetso (Encefalite) bikagaragara. Ariko hari igihe iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye nta nteguza ibanje . Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibi bimenyetso.

Kuki ibi (Encefalite) bibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Akenshi, iterwa na virusi . Encephalitis ishobora guterwa n'amatsinda atatu y'ingenzi ya virusi:

1. Itsinda rya virusi za Herpes `(virusi za Herpes)`:

• Twese tuzi virusi itera indwara y'inkoko .
• Iyi virusi yitwa `EBV (virusi ya Epstein-Barr). Ibi nibyo bitera indwara `(mono)` (mononucleosis yandura).
• Virusi ya herpes simplex ni yo itera iminwa yacitse n'uduheri mu kanwa.

2. Virusi n'izindi mikorobe zanduzwa n'udukoko:

• Virusi ya West Nile ni virusi yandurira mu kurumwa n'umubu.
• Indwara zandurira mu mikorobe. Urugero, mikorobe zitera indwara ya Lyme na Rocky Mountain spotted fever .

3. Virusi zitera indwara zari zisanzweho mu bwana ariko ubu zaragabanutse kubera inkingo:

• Indwara y'iseru
• Indwara zo mu bwoko bwa mumps
• Indwara y'iseru yo mu Budage

"Ku bw'amahirwe, ubu ubwo hari inkingo z'izi ndwara, umubare w'izi ndwara (encephalitis) uri hasi cyane. Ni yo gaciro k'inkingo."

Uretse izi mpamvu z'ingenzi, indwara ya encephalite ishobora no guterwa n'izindi mpamvu zidasanzwe:

• Bitewe n'indwara zimwe na zimwe za bagiteri . Urugero, hari ubwoko bw'umuriro wo mu bwonko witwa meningite ya bagiteri , nk'ingaruka zayo.
• Nk'ikibazo cy'izindi ndwara zandura, nka syphilis .
• Kubera ko ari agakoko gatera indwara . Urugero ni `(toxoplasmosis)`. Ibi bishobora kwanduzwa binyuze mu mwanda w'injangwe zanduye, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye.

Ariko rimwe na rimwe, uko ibizamini byakorwa kose, impamvu nyayo ya encephalite ntishobora kumenyekana . Tugomba no kubyibuka.

Ese indwara ya Encephalitis ni indwara yandura?

Igikuru hano ni uko ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko budakwirakwira mu buryo butaziguye buva ku muntu umwe bujya ku wundi . Ariko, virusi itera indwara ya encephalite ishobora kwandurira . Urugero, niba indwara ya encephalite iterwa na virusi ya encephalite, virusi ya encephalite ishobora kwandurira undi muntu. Ariko, si buri wese urwara encephalite iyo iyo virusi yinjiye mu mubiri. Biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nko ubudahangarwa bw'umuntu n'imiterere ya virusi.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara (Encefalite)?

Niba umuganga akeka ko urwaye indwara ya encephalite, azakora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo abimenye neza.

• Ibizamini byo gushushanya: Ibi bishobora kureba imbere mu bwonko.
• CT scan (CT scan - scan ya tomography ya computed)
• Isuzuma rya MRI `(MRI - imaging resonance imaging)`

Izi scan zipima ko nta kubyimba, kuva amaraso, cyangwa ibindi bibazo biri mu bwonko.

• EEG (electroencephalogram): Iyi ikoreshwa mu kwandika imiraba y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko. Iyi ikoreshwa mu kureba niba hari ibitagenda neza mu mikorere y'ubwonko.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bipima bagiteri cyangwa virusi mu maraso. Binasuzuma niba hari poroteyine zidasanzwe zitwa antibodiste , zikorerwa mu mubiri zirwanya mikorobe.
• Gutobora umugongo/gufata umugongo: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata amazi make yo mu bwonko, amazi akikije ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo, no kuyasuzuma kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibimenyetso by'ubwandu. Nubwo bishobora kumvikana nk'ibiteye ubwoba, abaganga babikora bitonze cyane kandi gusa iyo bibaye ngombwa.

Encephalitis ivurwa ite?

Abana benshi barwaye indwara ya encephalite bakenera kuguma mu bitaro kugira ngo bavurwe, rimwe na rimwe bakaba bari mu cyumba cy’indembe .Ubuvuzi bukorerwa mu cyumba cyita ku barwayi barembye cyane cyitwa "ICU". Aho ngaho, abaganga n'abaforomo bahora bakurikirana umuvuduko w'amaraso y'umwana, uko umutima we utera, aho ahumeka, n'urugero rw'amazi meza y'umwana. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubwonko bukomeza kubyimba.

Ubwoko bw'imiti itangwa

Abaganga bakoresha ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti bitewe n'impamvu n'ibimenyetso by'indwara:

• Imiti irwanya virusi: Hari ubwoko bumwe bwa encephalite, urugero nk'iterwa na virusi ya herpes simplex, bushobora kuvurwa n'iyi miti.
• Corticosteroids: Iyi itangwa kugira ngo igabanye kubyimba mu bwonko.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare: Iyo umwana afite igicuri, iyi miti ihabwa kugira ngo imurinde.
• Imiti isanzwe igabanya ububabare: Ushobora gutanga acetaminophen (nka paracetamol) ku muriro no kubabara umutwe. Iyi miti igurwa muri farumasi.
• Antibiyotike: Izi ntizikora ku mikorobe. Kubera ko indwara nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa encephalitis ziterwa na virusi, antibiyotike ntizikunze gukoreshwa. Ariko, iyo ziterwa n'ubwandu bwa bagiteri, imiti igabanya ubukana itangwa.

Kugarura ubuzima n'ingaruka z'igihe kirekire

Abantu benshi bakira burundu indwara ya encephalite, ariko rimwe na rimwe, kubyimba ubwonko bishobora gutera ibibazo by'igihe kirekire .

• Ubumuga mu myigire
• Ibibazo byo kuvuga
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Gutakaza ubushishozi
• Kutagira ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi

Mu bihe nk'ibi, uburyo bwo kuvura indwara nko kuvuga, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, cyangwa ubuvuzi bw'akazi bushobora gufasha.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire iyi ndwara?

Kenshi na kenshi, igihe cy’uburwayi gikabije (igihe ibimenyetso bikomeye cyane) gishobora kumara icyumweru kimwe . Ariko gukira burundu bifata igihe kirekire . Bishobora gufata ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Bitandukana bitewe n’umuntu ku giti cye.

Ese indwara ya encephalitis ishobora kwirindwa?

Nta buryo bwo kwirinda indwara ya encephalite mu buryo butaziguye. Ariko, dushobora kwirinda izindi ndwara zishobora gutera iyi ndwara .

• Inkingo: Inkingo zihabwa abana bakiri bato zishobora kubarinda indwara nyinshi. Rero, kurikiza gahunda yo gukingira nk'uko muganga wawe abikubwira.
• Irinde abantu banduye: Niba uzi umuntu urwaye indwara ya encephalite, irinde kumuba hafi (cyane cyane niba indwara iterwa na virusi).
• Karaba intoki zawe buri gihe kandi neza: Ni ngombwa cyane ko buri wese mu muryango wawe agira iyi ngeso.

Ukora iki kugira ngo wirinde imibu?

Ni ngombwa kwirinda imibu, kuko ishobora gutera indwara ya encephalite, virusi yandurira mu mibu.

• Imibu iba myinshi cyane mu gitondo cya kare na nimugoroba (mbere gato y'uko izuba rirenga na mbere gato y'uko izuba rirenga). Gerageza kwirinda kuba hanze cyane muri ibi bihe.
• Ambara imyenda ipfuka umubiri wawe iyo ugiye hanze, nk'amashati y'amaboko maremare n'ipantaro ndende.
• Koresha umuti wica udukoko .
• Kuraho amazi ahagaze hafi y'urugo rwawe. Niba amazi yakusanyirijwe mu ndobo, mu bwogero bw'inyoni, mu nkono z'indabo, mu mapine, n'ibindi, ibi ni ahantu ho kororokera imibu.

Wakwirinda gute udukoko?

Indwara ziterwa n'udusimba (encephalitis) nazo zishobora kuba impamvu.

• Gabanya abana kenshi guhura n'ubutaka, amababi n'amashami y'ibiti .
• Mu gihe ukina hanze, nko mu ishyamba, ambara imyenda y'amaboko maremare, y'amabara yoroheje n'ipantaro ndende .
• Iyo abana bawe bavuye mu rugo, banza ubarebe niba nta matungo afite . Nanone banza urebe amatungo yawe (imbwa, injangwe).

Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga?

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane . Niba umwana wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ugisha inama kwa muganga . Ni byiza kudatinda.

Niba umwana wawe afite umuriro mwinshi , cyane cyane niba yararwaye indwara yo mu bwana (nk'iseru, mumps, cyangwa inkoko) cyangwa arimo gukira iyo ndwara , bwira muganga.

Ugomba kwihutira gushaka abaganga niba umwana wawe afite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Umutwe ukabije
• Kurwara indwara zo mu mutwe / ibibyimba
• Ijosi rikomeye
• Kudashobora kureba urumuri rwinshi
• Kubona ibintu mu buryo bubiri (kureba kabiri)
• Kugorwa no kugenda
• Kugorwa no kuvuga cyangwa kumva
• Kugorwa no kwimura ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru
• Kubura ibyiyumvo ahantu runaka mu mubiri
• Impinduka mu buryo butunguranye mu miterere y'umuntu
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Gusinzira cyane cyangwa gucika intege
• Gupfa inzara

Bite se umwana muto aramutse agize ibi bimenyetso?

Niba umwana wonsa kandi akaba atabasha kuvuga afite ibi bimenyetso , mujyane kwa muganga vuba :

• Umuriro mwinshi cyangwa umuriro urenze dogere selisiyusi 38 (100.4 Fahrenheit) ku mwana uri munsi y'amezi 3 .
• Niba umutwe w'izuru wuzuye kandi ubyimbye .
• Iyo umubiri wumva ufunze, niba hari ikintu kimeze nk'ikibyimba.
• Niba ugize intege nke cyangwa gusinzira cyane.
• Niba ufite ubushake bwo kurya buke cyangwa wagabanije amata urya .
• Niba uruka .
• Niba ukomeje kurira udahagarara .

Nubona ibi bimenyetso, ntutinde. Shaka muganga vuba bishoboka. Gutangira kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kugira ingaruka nziza.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Nubwo indwara ya encephalite cyangwa umuriro wo mu bwonko ari indwara ikomeye, kuyimenya bidufasha gufata ingamba mu gihe gikwiye.

• Menya ibimenyetso: Gira impungenge cyane cyane niba umwana wawe afite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe (nk'umutwe ukabije, igicuri, ijosi rigakomera, cyangwa guhindura ubwenge) hamwe n'umuriro. Witondere kandi impinduka ziba ku bana bato (nk'ukurira kenshi, kubyimba igifu, cyangwa kubura ubushake bwo kurya).
• Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse: Niba ushidikanya, gana muganga vuba. Kuvurwa vuba ni ingenzi cyane.
• Bakingirwe neza: Gukingiza abana ku gihe bishobora gukumira indwara zimwe na zimwe zitera indwara ya encephalite.
• Kurikiza ingamba zo kwirinda: Irinde imibu n'udusimba. Karaba intoki zawe kenshi.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azabagirira akamaro. Komeza ubuzima bwiza buri wese!

Umuriro w'ubwonko , Encephalitis, Indwara z'abana, Kwandura virusi, Kubyimba ubwonko, Ibimenyetso, Uburyo bwo kuvura, Kubyimba ubwonko, Ibimenyetso by'abana bato, Kwirinda