Dusobanukirwe indwara ya Encephalitis: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwanditswe na Nirogi Lanka

Uyu munsi, turimo kuganira ku ndwara ishobora kumvikana nk'ikomeye cyane: kubyimba mu bwonko, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, Encephalitis . Nubwo izina rishobora gusa n'aho riteye ubwoba, kurisobanukirwa neza bizagufasha gukora vuba kandi neza. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo, impamvu bibaho, n'uko wakwirinda wowe n'abakunzi bawe.

Encephalitis ni iki?

Muri make, Encephalitis ni ububyimbirwe bw'ingingo z'ubwonko . Nk'uko igice cy'umubiri wawe gishobora kubyimba nyuma yo gukomereka, ubwonko bwawe bushobora kugira ububyimbirwe nk'ubwo. Akenshi, buterwa n'ubwandu bwa virusi. Hari igihe wumva bwitwa acute viral encephalitis , bivuze ububyimbirwe buterwa na virusi mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa aseptic encephalitis ; aya magambo yose asobanura indwara imwe.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi?

Nubwo indwara ya Encephalitis ifatwa nk'indwara idakunze kugaragara kandi atari ikintu gikunze kwibasira buri wese, hari abantu bamwe na bamwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara:

• Abana bato.
• Abantu bakuru (nk'abasogokuru na ba nyogokuru).
• Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye. Harimo abantu bafite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya indwara, nk'ababana na HIV/AIDS , abavurwa cancer , cyangwa abafata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.

Nk’uko imiryango y’ubuzima nka CDC ibivuga, abantu ibihumbi bafatwa n’indwara ya encephalitis buri mwaka. Nyamara, impuguke mu by’ubuvuzi zizera ko umubare nyakuri w’abayirwara uri hejuru cyane. Kubera ko ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kuba bitagaragara neza cyangwa bigasa n’ibicurane bisanzwe, abantu benshi bashobora kuba barwaye encephalitis batarahabwa isuzuma ry’ibanze.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya encephalite?

Ibimenyetso biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Nubwo bamwe bagira ibimenyetso bikomeye , abandi bashobora kugaragaza ko byoroshye cyane.

Niba indwara ari ntoya…

Iyo indwara idakomeye cyane, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Umuriro
• Umutwe
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya
• Gutakaza ingufu
• Kubabara mu buryo rusange (kumva "uri mu bihe by'ikirere")

Iyo indwara ikomeye…

Iyo indwara ya encephalite ikomeje kwiyongera, ibimenyetso bishobora gukomera cyane :

• Umuriro mwinshi
• Kuribwa umutwe cyane
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Ijosi rikomeye
• Urujijo - Kumva utazi icyo utekereza cyangwa ufite ikibazo cyo gusobanukirwa ibikukikije.
• Impinduka mu miterere - Kudakora nk'uko usanzwe umeze.
• Kurwara imitsi cyangwa ibicurane
• Kugorwa no kuvuga cyangwa kugorwa no kumva imvugo
• Kubona ibintu bitagaragara – Kubona cyangwa kumva ibintu bitabaho.
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Gusinzira cyane
• Gutakaza ubwenge (koma)

Icy'ingenzi: Niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda agize kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba . Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa gishobora kubaho.

Bite se ku bana bato n'impinja?

Bishobora kugorana kumenya ibi bimenyetso ku bana bavutse cyangwa abana bato, kuko badashobora kugaragaza uko bumva. Nk'umubyeyi, komeza kuba maso kuri ibi bikurikira:

• Kuruka
• Fontanel ibyimbye (ahantu horoshye hejuru y'umutwe).
• Kurira ubudahwema , cyane cyane iyo bidashobora guhozwa iyo bifashwe cyangwa bikozweho.
• Umubiri ukomeye
• Ubunebwe - kugaragara nk'unaniwe bidasanzwe, udakora, cyangwa utagize icyo ukora.

Ibuka ko nubwo hari abarwayi batangira nk'ibicurane bisanzwe cyangwa umuriro mbere yo kwiyongera bikaba indwara ya encephalite, abandi bashobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye kandi nta nteguza . Kumenya ibi bimenyetso ni ingenzi ku buzima bwawe.

Kuki indwara ya encephalite ibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Encephalitis ikunze guterwa na virusi . Hari ibyiciro bitatu by'ingenzi by'ibintu bitera virusi:

1. Virusi za Herpes:

• Virusi itera indwara y'inkoko .
• Virusi ya Epstein-Barr (EBV) , itera indwara ya mononucleosis yandura.
• Virusi ya Herpes simplex , ikunze kugaragara nk'indwara y'ibicurane.

2. Virusi ziterwa n'udukoko n'izindi ndwara zitera indwara:

• Virusi ya West Nile , yanduzwa n'imibu.
• Indwara ziterwa n'udukoko, nka Lyme disease cyangwa Rocky Mountain spotted fever .

3. Indwara z'abana zishobora kwirindwa n'urukingo:

• Indwara y'iseru
• Indwara z'ibihumyo
• Rubella (iseru yo mu Budage)

“Ku bw’amahirwe, bitewe n’inkingo zigezweho, indwara ya encephalite iterwa n’izi ndwara ubu irakunze kugaragara cyane. Ibi bigaragaza akamaro ko gukomeza kumenya amakuru ajyanye n’inkingo zawe.”

Uretse izi mpamvu zisanzwe, indwara ya encephalite rimwe na rimwe ishobora guterwa na:

• Kwandura kwa bagiteri , nk'ikibazo giterwa na meningitis ya bagiteri .
• Ingorane ziterwa n'izindi ndwara nka syphilis .
• Udukoko , nka toxoplasmose , dushobora kwandurira mu gukora ku mwanda w’injangwe zanduye, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri budafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko hari ubwo, nubwo haba hari ibizamini byinshi, impamvu nyayo ya encephalite itaramenyekana .

Ese indwara ya encephalite yandura?

Itandukaniro rikomeye hano ni uko ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko ubwabwo butanduzanya mu buryo butaziguye . Ariko, virusi zitera indwara ya encephalite zishobora gukwirakwira . Urugero, niba urwaye encephalite bitewe na virusi ya encephalite, ushobora kwanduza undi muntu. Ariko, si buri wese wandura iyo virusi uzarwara encephalite. Kwiyandura biterwa n'uburyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umuntu ku giti cye bukora ndetse n'imiterere ya virusi ubwayo.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma indwara ya encephalitis muri Nirogi Lanka?

Niba itsinda ryacu ry’abaganga rikeka ko hari indwara ya encephalitis, bazakora ibizamini byinshi byo gusuzuma indwara kugira ngo bemeze iyo ndwara:

• Ibizamini byo gushushanya: Ibi bidufasha kwiyumvisha ubwonko.
• gupima CT (gupima hakoreshejwe tomography)
• MRI (ishusho ya resonance ya magnetic)

Izi scan zifasha kumenya niba hari ububyimbirwe, kuva amaraso, cyangwa izindi ngorane mu bwonko.

• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Iki kizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe. Kidufasha kumenya ibitagenda neza cyangwa ibitagenda neza mu mikorere y'ubwonko bwawe.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bipima niba hari bagiteri cyangwa virusi mu maraso yawe. Binapima uturemangingo tw’umubiri —poroteyine zidasanzwe umubiri wawe ukora kugira ngo urwanye indwara.
• Gutobora umugongo (gutobora uruti rw'umugongo): Muri iki gikorwa, hakusanywa agace gato k'amazi yo mu bwonko (amazi akikije ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo) maze hagapimwa ibimenyetso by'ubwandu. Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba, nyamuneka menya neza ko itsinda ryacu ry'abaganga ribikora ryitonze cyane kandi ari uko bikenewe gusa kwa muganga.

Encephalitis ivurwa ite? na Nirogi Lanka

Abana benshi basanzwe barwaye Encephalitis bazakenera kujya mu bitaro kugira ngo bavurwe . Hari ubwo ubuvuzi butangwa mu cyumba cy’ubuvuzi bw’inyongera (ICU) , aho abaganga n’abaforomo bakurikirana cyane umuvuduko w’amaraso y’umwana wawe, uko umutima we utera, guhumeka kwe, n’amazi ye kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubwonko bukomeza kubyimba.

Imiti Yakoreshejwe

Gahunda zo kuvura zikorwa hakurikijwe icyateye n'uburemere bw'indwara:

• Imiti irwanya virusi: Iyi irakora ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa Encephalitis, nk'iterwa na virusi ya herpes simplex.
• Corticosteroids: Iyi itangwa kugira ngo igabanye ububyimbirwe no kubyimba mu bwonko.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'ihungabana: Iyi ikoreshwa mu kuvura no guhagarika ibicurane mu gihe umwana wawe ayirwaye.
• Imiti isanzwe igabanya ububabare: Imiti nka acetaminophen ishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura umuriro n'umutwe. Iyi miti iboneka ku giciro cya muganga.
• Antibiyotike: Kubera ko indwara nyinshi za Encephalitis ziba ziterwa na virusi, antibiyotike akenshi ntizigira ingaruka nziza. Zitangwa gusa iyo byemejwe ko ari bagiteri.

Kugarura ubuzima n'ingaruka z'igihe kirekire

Abantu benshi bakira burundu indwara ya Encephalitis. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, kubyimba ubwonko bishobora gutera ibibazo by'igihe kirekire , birimo:

• Ubumuga mu myigire
• Ingorane zo kuvuga
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Ubumuga bwo kutumva
• Ibibazo byo kugenzura imitsi

Muri ibi bihe, uburyo bwo kuvura nko kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe , kuvura umubiri , cyangwa kuvura indwara z’akazi bushobora gutanga ubufasha bukomeye.

Igihe cyo gukira kimara kingana iki?

Ubusanzwe, igihe cy’uburwayi gikabije (iyo ibimenyetso bikomeye cyane) kimara icyumweru kimwe. Ariko, gukira burundu bifata igihe kirekire — akenshi ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Inzira ya buri muntu yo gukira ni yihariye.

Ese indwara ya Encephalitis ishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo nta buryo bumwe bwo kwirinda Encephalitis, ushobora kwirinda indwara zishobora kuyitera.

• Inkingo: Gukingira abana ni ingenzi cyane. Nyamuneka kurikiza gahunda y'ikingira yatanzwe na muganga w'abana wawe neza cyane.
• Irinde kwandura: Irinde kwanduranya n'umuntu uwo ari we wese ufite indwara yandura muri iki gihe (cyane cyane iyo ari virusi).
• Itoze kugira isuku: Gushishikariza umuryango wawe wose gukaraba intoki kenshi ni uburyo bworoshye ariko bufite akamaro.

Uburinzi bw'imibu

Kubera ko virusi ziterwa n'imibu zishobora gutera Encephalitis, kuyirinda ni ingenzi:

• Gabanya ibikorwa byo hanze mu gihe cya mu gitondo no mu bwije, aho imibu iba ikunze gukora cyane.
• Ambara imyenda yo kwirinda , nk'amaboko maremare n'ipantaro ndende, iyo uri hanze.
• Koresha umuti wica udukoko .
• Kuraho amazi ahagaze hafi y'urugo rwawe mu ndobo, mu bwogero bw'inyoni, mu nkono z'ibimera, cyangwa mu mapine yajugunywe, kuko ari ahantu ho kororokera imibu.

Umutekano w'udukoko

Udukoko dushobora kandi kwandura indwara zitera Encephalitis:

• Gabanya igihe umara mu byatsi birebire, mu mashyamba, cyangwa mu bihuru binini .
• Ambara amaboko maremare n'imyenda yoroheje kugira ngo inkeri zorohe kubona.
• Reba niba abana bawe n'amatungo yawe bafite udukoko nyuma yo kuba bari hanze.

Igihe cyo gushaka ubuvuzi bwihutirwa

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane . Niba umwana wawe agaragaje kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse . Ntugatinde.

Niba umwana wawe afite umuriro mwinshi, cyane cyane mu gihe arimo gukira cyangwa arimo arwara indwara yo mu bwana (nk'iseru, mumps, cyangwa chickenpox), nyamuneka hamagara muganga wawe vuba.

Shaka serivisi zihutirwa (hamagara 911) niba umwana wawe agaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Kuribwa umutwe cyane
• Gufatwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa gucika intege
• Ijosi rikomeye
• Gusobanukirwa cyane n'urumuri
• Kureba kabiri
• Kugorwa no kugenda
• Ibibazo byo kuvuga nabi cyangwa kumva nabi
• Intege nke cyangwa ubumuga bwo kuboko cyangwa ukuguru
• Gutakaza ibyiyumvo
• Impinduka zikomeye kandi zitunguranye mu miterere y'umuntu
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka
• Ubunebwe bukabije cyangwa gusinzira
• Gutakaza ubwenge

Bite se ku bana bato?

Niba umwana wawe cyangwa umwana wawe muto agaragaza kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, nyamuneka shakisha ubuvuzi bwihutirwa vuba :

• Umuriro mwinshi — cyane cyane ubushyuhe ubwo aribwo bwose bwa 38°C (100.4°F) cyangwa burenga iyo ari yo yose ku mwana uri munsi y'amezi 3.
• Ahantu horoshye cyangwa habyimbye (fontanelle) hejuru y'umutwe wabo.
• Kugongana k'umubiri cyangwa kugorama kudasanzwe (hypotonia).
• Ubunebwe bukabije, intege nke, cyangwa kugorwa no kubyuka.
• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa kugabanuka gukomeye mu byo kurya.
• Kuruka bidashira.
• Kurira gukomeye kandi guhoraho.

Nubona ibi bimenyetso, ntutegereze. Nyamuneka jyana umwana wawe mu ishami ryita ku bibazo byihutirwa riri hafi yawe. Ubuvuzi bwihuse bushobora kugira icyo buhindura mu gukira.

Ingingo z'ingenzi za nyuma

Nubwo indwara ya encephalitis ari indwara ikomeye, kumenya amakuru bigufasha gukora vuba iyo ari ngombwa cyane.

• Menya ibimenyetso: Witondere imyitwarire idasanzwe ku bana, nko kuribwa umutwe cyane, gucika intege, ijosi rikomeye, cyangwa guhinduka k'ubwonko. Ku bana bato, komeza witondere cyane kurakara, kubyimba kwa fontanelle, cyangwa kwanga kurya.
• Shaka ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga: Niba ufite ikibazo, nyamuneka gisha inama muganga vuba. Kuvurwa vuba ni ingenzi.
• Komeza ukomeze gukingirwa: Kwemeza ko umwana wawe ahabwa inkingo zose zasabwe bishobora kumurinda virusi nyinshi zitera indwara ya encephalite.
• Imyitozo yo kwirinda: Koresha imiti yica imibu, irinde ahantu hakunze kwibasirwa n'udukoko, kandi ukomeze kugira isuku y'intoki.

Muri Nirogi Lanka, twizeye ko aya makuru azagufasha kurinda abawe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Amagambo ahinnye: Encephalitis, ububyimbirwe bw'ubwonko, ubuzima bw'abana, indwara zandura virusi, kubyimba k'ubwonko, ibimenyetso, uburyo bwo kuvura, ubuzima bw'impinja, kwirinda