Ese umwana wawe akeneye ubufasha? Reka twige ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi bw'akazi!

Ushobora kuba warabonye ko rimwe na rimwe abana bacu bagira ingorane nke mu gukora imwe mu mirimo yabo. Ahari umuganga yakubwira ibijyanye na 'occupational therapy' cyangwa occupational therapy. None se, occupational therapy ni iki? Kuki ari ingenzi ku bana bacu? Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi mu buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye kumva.

Ubuvuzi bw'akazi ni iki?

Mu magambo make, Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo ni ishami ryihariye mu buvuzi. Bufasha abantu b'ingeri zose, kuva ku bana bato kugeza ku bana bari mu kigero cyo ku ishuri, abakiri bato, n'abageze mu za bukuru, bafite ubumuga bw'umubiri, ubw'ingingo, cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe. Intego ni ukubafasha kwiga gukora imirimo ya buri munsi ku giti cyabo kandi bishimye.

Tekereza, hari abantu bashobora kugira ingorane mu gucunga amarangamutima yabo (ibyo bakeneye mu byiyumvo), kuganira n'abandi muri sosiyete (ibyo bakeneye mu mibereho), cyangwa gukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu buryo bw'umubiri (ibyo bakeneye mu mubiri). Abavuzi b'imyuga bamenya izi mbogamizi, bagashaka ibisubizo, kandi bakabafasha kuzitsinda. Bakoresha ibikorwa bya buri munsi, imyitozo itandukanye, ibikinisho, ibikoresho bitandukanye, n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo babigereho. Ibi ni nko gufasha umuntu 'kugarura ibirenge bye', kumufasha gukora 'akazi' k'ubuzima bwa buri munsi neza.

Ni ubuhe bufasha butangwa n'ubuvuzi bw'akazi ku bana bato?

Noneho reka turebe ubwoko bw'ubufasha ubuvuzi bw'akazi bushobora guha abana bato. Bushobora gufasha cyane kunoza imikinire y'abana, imirimo y'ishuri, n'imirimo mito ya buri munsi (nk'ukurya, kwambara no kwambara inkweto). Si ibyo gusa, bushobora no gufasha umwana kwiyubaha no kumva ko yageze ku ntego. Ni ibihe byishimo biza iyo umwana akoze ikintu ku giti cye, si byo?

Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe z'uburyo ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha abana:

• Ubuhanga mu mikorere y'umubiri: Iyi ni imirimo mito kandi yoroshye ikorwa n'intoki. Tekereza ibintu nko gufata no kurekura igikinisho neza, gufata ikaramu neza no kwandika neza, gukata impapuro n'imikasi, gupfunyika amapfundo ku ishati, gufunga imishumi y'inkweto, cyangwa gukoresha clavier ya mudasobwa. Iyo umwana adashobora gukora ibi bintu neza, bishobora kugorana gukora imirimo y'ishuri, sibyo? Bashobora kandi kumva batameze neza mu gihe bakina n'abandi bana.
• Binoza guhuza amaso n'amaboko:Ibyo bivuze kwitoza uburyo bwo kugenzura ukuboko kwawe ukurikije ibyo ubona. Urugero, ubu bushobozi ni ingenzi cyane ku bintu nko gukubita umupira ukoresheje inkoni, gufata igikinisho hasi, no kwandika ikintu ku kibaho. Niba ibi ari byiza, bizorohera umwana gukina no kwiga.
• Ubumenyi bw'ibanze mu mibereho ya buri munsi bwigishwa: ibintu nko koga, kwambara, koza amenyo, kurya wenyine no kwiyuhagira. Ibi bishobora gusa n'aho ari ibintu bito, ariko ni ingenzi cyane ku bwigenge bw'umwana no kwihesha agaciro. Tekereza ukuntu bizakorohera cyane umwana wawe amenyereye gukora ibi bintu wenyine!
• Yigisha imyitwarire myiza n'ubuhanga bwo kubana n'abandi: Abana bamwe bagorwa no kugenzura uburakari bwabo cyangwa umujinya. Bashobora kudashaka gukina cyangwa kuganira n'abandi. Bitoza uburyo bwo kwitwara muri ibyo bihe, uburyo bwo kubana neza n'abandi, n'uburyo bwo kugaragaza amarangamutima yabo mu buryo bukwiye.
• Gutanga ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo umwana arusheho kwigenga: Hari abana bashobora gukenera ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo byoroshye imirimo yabo ya buri munsi. Abaganga b'inzobere mu by'ubuzima babafasha guhitamo no gukoresha ibyo bikoresho. Urugero, amagare y'abamugaye, imigozi, ibikoresho byo koga, ibikoresho byo kwambara, n'ibikoresho by'itumanaho.

Ni nde ukeneye ubuvuzi bw'akazi?

None se ni bande bana n'urubyiruko bashobora kungukira cyane muri ubu buvuzi bw'akazi? Reba niba umwana wawe afite kimwe muri ibi bibazo. Ubuvuzi bw'akazi bushobora gufasha cyane abantu bafite ibi bibazo:

• Abana bafite ibikomere bavukanye cyangwa bafite ubumuga bavukanye .
• Abana bafite ubumuga bwo kumva . Ni ukuvuga ko bamwe mu bana bashobora kuba bumva ibintu nk'amajwi, urumuri, gukorakoraho, impumuro, n'uburyohe (nk'ugupfuka amatwi yabo iyo bumvise urusaku rwinshi), cyangwa se bakaba batabizi (nk'uko batababara nubwo bagwa).
• Mu bihe nk'ibikomere by'ihungabana ku bwonko cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo .
• Abana bafite ingorane mu myigire (urugero: ingorane mu kwandika no gusoma).
• Ku bana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe .
• Abana bafite indwara z'ingingo nka Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis .
• Abana bafite ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe cyangwa ibibazo by'imyitwarire (urugero: ADHD, guhangayika).
• Nyuma yo gukira kw'imvune cyangwa izindi mvune zikomoka ku magufwa , koresha neza urugingo rwangiritse.
• Gutinda mu iterambereKu bana babyifuza. Ni ukuvuga abana batinda gukora ibintu abandi bana bakora mu kigero cyabo (nk'ukuvuga, kugenda, gukina).
• Ku bakiriwe no kubagwa , basubira mu mirimo ya buri munsi.
• Ku bafite ubushye , gabanya umuvuduko w'uruhu kandi wongere imikorere y'amaguru.
• Abana bafite ibibazo by'imitsi nka Spina Bifida .
• Ku bantu bahuye n'ibibazo byo gucikamo ibice , menyera gukoresha amaguru y'ubukorano.
• Abana bakize kanseri bakeneye kugarura imbaraga no kumenyera imirimo ya buri munsi.
• Nyuma y'uko imvune zikomeye zo mu kuboko zikize, subiza imikorere y'ukuboko.
• Orohereza ubuzima ku bafite indwara z'igihe kirekire nka Multiple Sclerosis na Cerebral Palsy .

Nkuko bigaragara kuri uru rutonde, ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mwuga ni uburyo bwo kuvura bukoresha uburyo bwagutse. Niba umwana wawe afite kimwe muri ibi bibazo, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga niba ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mwuga ari ngombwa. Ntugahangayike, ibi ni ubufasha gusa.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Physiotherapy na Occupational Therapy?

Ikibazo gikomeye ku bantu benshi ni iki: itandukaniro riri hagati ya physiotherapy, ari byo twita 'Physical Therapy' (PT), na occupational therapy (OT). Byombi bigamije kunoza ubuzima bw'abana (n'abantu bakuru), ariko intego ni zitandukanye gato. Byombi birafitanye isano, kandi rimwe na rimwe umwana ashobora kubikenera byombi.

Muri make, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri (PT) bufasha cyane cyane muri ibi bikurikira:

• Gabanya ububabare .
• Teza imbere imbaraga .
• Ongera uburyo ingingo zikora , ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo kunama no kwagura amaguru neza.
• Kunoza kwihangana .
• Guteza imbere ubuhanga bwo gukora imitsi . Izi ni ingendo nini zikoresha amaboko, amaguru, ibirenge, cyangwa umubiri wose (nk'ukugenda, kwiruka, gusimbuka, kuzamuka ingazi).

Ariko, Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo (OT) bufasha cyane cyane muri ibi bikurikira:

• Teza imbere ubuhanga bwo gukoresha imitsi . Twavuze kuri ibi mbere, imirimo mito ikorwa n'intoki (nk'ugukorakora, kwandika no gukanda).
• Guteza imbere ubuhanga bwo kubona no kureba . Ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo gusobanukirwa no gukora ibyo amaso abona (urugero: kumenya imiterere, gushaka igice kibura mu ishusho).
• Guteza imbere ubuhanga bwo gutekereza (urugero: kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, no gukemura ibibazo).
• Gukemura ibibazo byo gutunganya ibyumviro bivuze kwitoza gusubiza neza ibyumviro bituruka mu bidukikije.

Tekereza muri ubu buryo. Iyo umuntu akomeretse ukuguru kwe mu mpanuka, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri (PT) bushobora kumufasha kugenda, kwiruka no kongera kugira imbaraga. Ariko niba afite ikibazo cyo kurya, kwambara, kwandika, cyangwa kongera gukora imirimo ya buri munsi, ubuvuzi bw'akazi (OT) bushobora gufasha. Imwe yibanda cyane ku bumenyi bw'imitsi n'imbaraga, mu gihe indi yibanda cyane ku bumenyi bw'imitsi, ubumenyi bwo gutekereza, n'ibibazo by'ibyumviro bikenewe kugira ngo umuntu akore mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Urabona itandukaniro?

Ni nde ukora ubu buvuzi bw'akazi?

Ubu ushobora kwibaza uti, ni nde utanga iyi serivisi yitwa Occupational Therapy? Iki si ikintu buri wese yakora, hari abantu bahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri ibi. Hari ahanini ibyiciro bibiri by'ubunyamwuga:

1. Umuganga w’Imirimo (OT): Aba bantu basanzwe bafite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu ishami rijyanye nabyo (nk’ibinyabuzima, imitekerereze, ubumenyi bw’ubuzima) n’impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza muri gahunda yemewe yo kuvura indwara z’umubiri. Basuzuma abarwayi, bagategura gahunda zo kubavura, kandi bakagenzura ubwo buvuzi.

2. Umufasha w’Umuvuzi w’Umwuga (OTA): Aba bantu babonye impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza (Associate's Degree) muri gahunda yemewe y’ubufasha mu buvuzi bw’akazi. Bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda z’ubuvuzi zateguwe n’umuvuzi w’akazi (OT) bayobowe na OT. Ariko, ubusanzwe ntibemerewe gukora isuzuma ry’abarwayi.

Abavuzi b'inzobere mu by'ubuvuzi bw'akazi (OTs) n'abafasha mu by'ubuvuzi bw'akazi (OTAs) bagomba kurangiza gahunda zo gukorera mu ishami rishinzwe kugenzura. Bagomba kandi gutsinda ikizamini cy'igihugu cy'ubuhanga (mu bihugu byinshi). Mu bihugu byinshi, nka Sri Lanka, kwiyandikisha muri leta cyangwa uruhushya rwo gukora ni itegeko kugira ngo bakore iyi serivisi. Bagomba kandi kwitabira amasomo yo gukomeza kugira ngo bavugurure ubumenyi bwabo.

Abavuzi b'akazi bakorera he?

Abavuzi b'imiti bakora ahantu hatandukanye. Ushobora kubasanga ahantu nka:

• Mu bitaro bya leta n'iby'abikorera ku giti cyabo
• Mu mashuri (cyane cyane amashuri afite abana bafite ibibazo byihariye by’uburezi)
• Mu bigo bifasha mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe
• Mu bigo byita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe n'amavuriro
• Mu bigo by'ubuvuzi byigenga n'amavuriro
• Mu mavuriro y'abana n'ibigo birera abana
• Hari igihe habaho serivisi z'ubuzima mu ngo.

Rero, niba umwana wawe akeneye iyi serivisi, ntibizagorana kuyibonera ahantu heza ho kuyikorera.

Ni gute wabona umuvuzi mwiza w’indwara z’umubiri?

Niba utekereza ko umwana wawe ashobora kungukirwa n'ubuvuzi bw'akazi, dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Baza muganga w’abana cyangwa umuganga w’umuryango w’umwana wawe kugira ngo akubwire umuganga mwiza w’ubuvuzi bw’indwara z’imiti. Akenshi abaganga bazi abo ari bo n’aho bavura indwara z’imiti.
• Niba umwana wawe ari ku ishuri, vugana n'abarimu b'ishuri, abarimu b'uburezi bwihariye, cyangwa umujyanama mu by'ubuyobozi. Bashobora kuguha inama bitewe n'ibyo umwana wawe akeneye mu masomo cyangwa mu mibereho ye.
• Baza ibitaro bya leta biri hafi yawe (cyane cyane ishami rishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe) cyangwa ibitaro binini byigenga. Bashobora kandi kugufasha no gutanga amakuru.
• Muri Sri Lanka, hari inzego z’abanyamwuga nka Sri Lanka Society of Occupational Therapists (SLSOT) . Ushobora kubona amakuru yerekeye abaganga biyandikishije ku rubuga rwabo cyangwa ukabavugisha.
• Baza abandi babyeyi. Niba uzi ababyeyi bakoresheje izi serivisi, ubunararibonye bwabo ni ingenzi cyane.

Igikuru ni uguhitamo umuntu ukwiriye umwana wawe, umuntu ushobora kuvugana neza n'umwana, umuntu umwana akunda, n'umuntu utuma wumva ufite icyizere. Kubaka umubano mwiza hagati y'umuvuzi n'umwana ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ubuvuzi bugende neza.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Sawa, noneho ndizera ko usobanukiwe neza icyo twaganiriyeho ku buvuzi bw'akazi. Ni serivisi y'agaciro cyane. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura bufasha abana (n'abantu bakuru) gukora imirimo ya buri munsi ku giti cyabo, gukoresha ubushobozi bwabo mu buryo bwuzuye, no kubaho mu byishimo no mu bwisanzure.
• Ibi bishobora gufasha guteza imbere ubumenyi bw'imitsi, ubuhanga bw'imitsi, kuringaniza, guhuza amaso n'intoki, imirimo ya buri munsi, ubumenyi bwo kwiga, imyitwarire, ubuhanga bwo kubana n'abandi, n'ubumenyi bwo gukina .
• Niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cy’amavuko, gutinda mu mikurire, ubumuga bwo kwiga, indwara nk’indwara ya autisme spectrum, ubumuga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa ubumuga ubwo aribwo bwose nyuma y’impanuka, ubuvuzi bw’akazi bushobora kugufasha cyane.
• Niba ufite gushidikanya na gato, ikintu cyiza cyo kubanza gukora ni ukuganira na muganga akakugira inama.Bazakubwira neza niba umwana wawe akeneye ibi cyangwa atabikeneye.
• Ibi si ikintu cyo kugira isoni cyangwa guhisha. Icy'ingenzi ni ugufasha abana bacu kugera ku bushobozi bwabo bwose. Hari igihe icyo bakeneye gusa ni ubufasha buke.

Wibuke ko buri mwana atandukanye. Buri mwana akura ku muvuduko we. Ni inshingano zacu kumuha urukundo, ubwitonzi, ndetse nibiba ngombwa, ubufasha bw'inzobere akeneye kugira ngo akore urwo rugendo. Ubuvuzi bw'akazi ni nk'inshuti nziza ishobora kumufasha muri urwo rugendo. Ntutinye kubishakisha!

Ubuvuzi bw'akazi , Iterambere ry'umwana, Ubuhanga mu mikorere y'umubiri, Ubuhanga bwa buri munsi, Gutunganya imikorere y'amatwi, Gusubira mu buzima, Autism, Gutinda mu mikurire