Hari igihe ushobora kumva umutima wawe udatera mu buryo butunguranye, hari igihe umutima wawe utera vuba cyane, nk'aho usimbuka, cyangwa hari aho utera cyane. Ubu bwoko bw'umutima utera mu buryo budasanzwe si ikintu cyoroshye gufata. Ibi byitwa Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) mu buvuzi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bwihariye bukoreshwa mu kuvura iyi ndwara.
Mu magambo make, ifatwa ry'imitsi y'ibihaha (PVI) ni iki?
Gutandukanya imitsi y'ibihaha ni uburyo bwihariye bukoreshwa mu kuvura umutima utari mwiza bwitwa Atrial Fibrillation (Afib). Mu magambo make, "butandukanya" cyangwa butandukanya ahantu ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bigenzura umuvuduko w'umutima bikorerwa.
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Umutima wacu ni urugingo rutangaje. Gutera kwawo kugenzurwa n'uburyo bworoshye cyane bw'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi. Ariko ku muntu ufite iyi ndwara yitwa Afib, ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by'umutima (ibyo twita atria) bitangira kwakira ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bitari byo kandi bidahuje. Ibi bimenyetso bitari byo bituma igice cyo hejuru cy'umutima gitera vuba cyane, nk'aho kirimo guhinda. Ibi nibikomeza, ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nka stroke biba byinshi cyane.
None se uzi aho ibyo bimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidafite ishingiro bikunze gutangirira? Hari imitsi ine itwara amaraso meza kandi afite ogisijeni ava mu bihaha byacu ikayajyana mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima. Iyi ni yo twita imitsi y'ibihaha . Ni hafi y'iyo mitsi ine aho ibimenyetso bidafite ishingiro bitera Afib bikunze gutangirira.
Kuvura indwara yo kwitandukanya imitsi y'ibihaha (PVI) bikubiyemo kumenya aho ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bitangirira no gukora uruzitiro ruto kugira ngo bitagera mu bindi bice by'umutima. Uru ruzitiro rukorwa hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe bworoshye cyangwa ubukonje bukabije kugira ngo hakorwe uduce duto tw'inkovu muri utwo duce. Uru ruzitiro rubuza ibimenyetso bidasanzwe by'amashanyarazi kurenga iyo ngingo. Ni nko gufunga inzira itari yo. Hanyuma umutima wongera gutera nk'uko bisanzwe. Ubu buryo bwitwa Heart Ablation .
Ni nde koko ukeneye ubu buvuzi?
Ubu buryo bwo kuvura si ubwa buri wese. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibintu byinshi mbere yo gufata icyemezo niba bukubereye. Ubu buryo busanzwe bubereye abantu bakurikira:
- Ku bantu bagifite ibimenyetso (umutima utera cyane, umunaniro, guhumeka nabi) nubwo bafata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima kugira ngo bagabanye ikibazo cyabo cya Afib.
- Iyo iyi miti itera ingaruka mbi cyangwa niba umubiri udashobora kwihanganira umuti.
Wibuke ko abaganga batekereza kuri iyi ntambwe ikurikiraho gusa iyo imiti yananiwe kugenzura iyo ndwara.
Ese ubu buvuzi bushobora gukorwa hatabayeho gukoresha imiti?
Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bafite. Abashakashatsi baracyakora iperereza niba PVI ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura abarwayi bamwe kurusha imiti. Hari ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko PVI ari nziza kurusha imiti. Ariko ntabwo ari uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura. Rero uburyo bukoreshwa ubu ni ukubanza kugerageza imiti hanyuma ugatekereza kuri PVI niba ibyo bidakora.
Wamenya ute niba ubu buryo bw'ubuvuzi bukubereye?
Ntibishoboka guhita umenya niba ubikwiriye. Ugomba gukorerwa isuzuma ryuzuye rya muganga. Muganga azabanza kukubaza amateka y'ubuzima bwawe no kugukorera isuzuma ry'umubiri. Hanyuma azagutegeka ibizamini byinshi bijyanye n'umutima. Bimwe muri byo ni:
- Echocardiogram: Ibi bishobora gutanga ishusho isobanutse y'imikorere n'imiterere y'umutima.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ikizamini cyandika imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.
- Holter Monitor: Iyi ni icyuma gito cya EKG gifatanyirizwa ku mubiri wawe mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 cyangwa 48. Gishobora gukurikirana uburyo umutima wawe uhinduka umunsi wose.
Muganga ni we uzafata icyemezo cya nyuma ku bijyanye no kumenya niba uburyo bwo kuvura PVI bukubereye cyangwa butakubereye hashingiwe ku bisubizo by'ibi bizamini.
Uburyo bwa PVI buvurwa bute? Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ingenzi?
Guca imitsi yo mu bihaha ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa Catheter Ablation . Ibi bivuze ko bidakorwa hakoreshejwe gukata igice kinini mu gituza nk'uko bikorwa mu kubaga. Ahubwo, bikorwa hakoreshejwe umuyoboro muremure cyane (catheter) unyuze mu mitsi minini y'amaraso iri mu gituza cyangwa mu ijosi no mu mutima.
Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gusana urugingo rw'inkovu twavuze mbere.
| Uburyo bwo kuvura | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kugabanya ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe radiyo (gukoresha ubushyuhe) | Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Aha, imiraba ya radiyo ikoreshwa ku mpera ya catheter kugira ngo itange ubushyuhe, isenye ingingo zakira ibimenyetso bitari byo kandi igatera inkovu. |
| Cryoablation (gukoresha ubukonje bukabije) | Ubu buryo bukoresha ubukonje bukabije kugira ngo bukonje by'agateganyo kandi busenye burundu ingingo zivugwa. |
Ni ubuhe buryo muri ubu bubiri bwiza kurusha ubundi?
Nta buryo na bumwe bwo kuvuga ko uburyo bumwe ari bwiza kurusha ubundi. Byombi bifite ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko nta tandukaniro rigaragara mu musaruro n'umutekano w'ubu buryo bubiri. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira mbere yo kuvurwa uburyo bukubereye.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa? Ese nzongera kumva ububabare?
Ubusanzwe, muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura, uterwa ikinya burundu (Anesthesia Rusange) . Ibi bivuze ko uzaba usinziriye burundu. Kubwibyo, ntuzumva ububabare cyangwa ngo ugire ikibazo mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Iyo ukangutse, byose bizaba birangiye. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye, ibi bishobora gukorwa ukoresheje gusa agace kabigenewe (anesthesia yo mu gace). Muganga azabikumenyesha mbere y'igihe.
Ibiba intambwe ku yindi
1. Kwitegura: Ubwa mbere, uzaterwa ikinya. Hanyuma, agace ko mu kibuno cyawe cyangwa mu ijosi aho catheter izashyirwa kazasukurwa kandi kagakurwamo ibinure.
2. Gushyiramo katheteri: Muganga azashyiramo katheteri ebyiri nto (imiyoboro) zoroshye zivuye mu gice cy'ubuhumyi zinyuze mu mitsi y'amaraso mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima.
3. Gupima ibimenyetso: Catheter imwe igaragaza neza aho ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidafite ishingiro bituruka.
4. Gutera inshinge: Indi katheteri itanga ubushyuhe (Radiofrequency) cyangwa ubukonje (Cryoablation) twavuze, igasenya ingingo zijyanye n'iyo ngingo ndetse igatera inkovu.
5. Kurangiza: Nyuma yo kurangiza neza ubuvuzi, muganga akuramo witonze catheters zombi hanyuma agashyira agatambaro gato hejuru y'aho umuntu yinjiza.
Umutima wanjye uzakurikiranwa ute mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?
Itsinda ry’abaganga rizakomeza gukurikirana imikorere y’umutima wawe n’umubiri wawe mu gihe cyose uzaba uri munsi y’ikinya, bakoresheje ibikoresho bitandukanye.
| Igikoresho | Imikorere |
|---|---|
| Umuti uvura umutima | Ibi bishobora kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe niba uri hasi cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane. Bifatanye n'udupapuro tubiri ufata ku gituza no mu mugongo. |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Ushobora gukurikirana imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe ukoresheje ecran ikoresha udupapuro duke ufata ku gituza cyawe. |
| Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko w'amaraso | Umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uhora upimwa binyuze mu gipfundikizo gifatanye n'ukuboko kwawe. |
| Oximeter Monitor | Urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso rugenzurwa hakoreshejwe agace gato gafatanye n'urutoki. |
| Fluoroscopy | Ibi bimeze nk'imashini nini ya X-ray. Ibi bituma muganga areba catheter inyura mu mutima akoresheje ecran. Hari igihe hashobora guterwa amazi yihariye (irangi ritandukanye) kugira ngo imiyoboro y'amaraso igaragare neza. |
| Intracardiac Echocardiography | Agakoresho gato ka ultrasound gashyirwa mu mutima binyuze muri catheter. Ibi bituma umuntu abona neza imiterere y'umutima n'aho catheter ikora ku rukuta rw'umutima. |
Igikorwa cyose gishobora gufata amasaha kuva kuri ane kugeza kuri atandatu , bityo ni byiza kumenyesha umuryango wawe mbere y'igihe. Ushobora kandi kurara mu bitaro ijoro ryose nyuma yo kuvurwa.
Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?
Nyuma yo kuvura, muganga azakubwira ibyavuye mu ivuriro ryawe n'umuryango wawe. Uzakenera kuryama mu buriri mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri ane kugeza ku munani. Abaforomo bazakurikirana uko umutima wawe utera n'uko utera ijoro ryose. Akenshi, uzabasha gutaha mu gitondo gikurikiyeho. Mbere yo gutaha, abaforomo bazareba aho catheter iri, bakureho ibitambaro hanyuma babisukure.
Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa n'iyi ndwara?
Muri rusange, PVI ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ariko, kimwe no mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo kwa muganga, hari ingaruka nke. Ibintu nk'ibyo bibaho gake cyane.
- Allergie ku irangi ritandukanye rikoreshwa mu gupima X-rays.
- Kwandura aho catheter ishyizwe.
- Kwangirika k'urukuta rw'umutima (hafi 1% by'ibyago).
- Kwangirika kw'imitsi y'ibihaha (hafi 1%).
- Indwara yo gucika intege (hafi 0.5%).
Ntugatinye izi ngaruka. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakora uko rishoboye kose kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibi bibaho. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibi byose mbere yo kuvurwa.
Igihe cyo gukira n'ubuvuzi bwo gukurikirana
Mu minsi ibiri ya mbere (amasaha 48) nyuma yo kuvurwa, ushobora kumva ubabara gato, unaniwe, cyangwa ukagira ububabare mu gatuza. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Nyuma y'ibyo, ushobora gukomeza buhoro buhoro imirimo yawe isanzwe. Ariko , bishobora gufata ibyumweru bike mbere yuko wongera gukora imirimo ivunanye, nko gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko bifata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo inkovu yo mu nda ikire neza kandi igaragaze umusaruro. Bityo umutima wawe ntuzasubira ku murongo ako kanya nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ushobora kuba ugifite ibimenyetso bya Afib mu byumweru 10 bya mbere cyangwa birenga. Ni gake cyane, indwara yawe ishobora kumera nabi mbere yuko ikira. Ntugatinye rero.
Nyuma yo kuvurwa, uzahabwa imiti myinshi mu gihe cy'amezi menshi:
- Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima: Genzura uburyo umutima utera kugeza igihe ibisubizo by'isukura bibonetse.
- Imiti igabanya amaraso: Igabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko. Ushobora gukenera gukomeza gufata iyi miti.
Uzagira gahunda yawe ya mbere yo gukurikirana nyuma y'amezi atatu cyangwa ane nyuma yo kuvurwa, hanyuma indi nyuma y'umwaka umwe. Muri iyi gahunda, muganga wawe ashobora kongeramo ibizamini nka CT scan, echocardiogram, cyangwa EKG kugira ngo arebe uko umutima wawe umeze.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutandukanya imitsi y'ibihaha (PVI) ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara y'umutima idakora neza yitwa Atrial Fibrillation (Afib).
- Ibi bikorwa ku bantu ibimenyetso byabo bidashobora gukemurwa n'imiti.
- Ubu si ukubaga gukomeye. Ni uburyo bwo kuvura aho catheter (umuyoboro muto) inyuzwa mu mitsi y'amaraso ikagera mu mutima.
- Bishobora gufata ibyumweru cyangwa amezi menshi kugira ngo umuntu akire neza kandi arebe umusaruro nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ntugahangayike.
- Ndetse na nyuma yo kuvurwa, ni ngombwa gufata imiti yanditswe na muganga (cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso) nk'uko yabitegetswe no kujya kwa muganga ku matariki yagenwe.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza, kubura umwuka, cyangwa kuzerera, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
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