Ese wigeze wumva ibijyanye n'imiti ikoresha radiyo? Reka tubyige mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese muganga wawe yigeze kugusaba gukora isuzuma ryihariye, nka PET scan? Cyangwa wavuze ku inshinge zidasanzwe nk'umuti wa kanseri? Hanyuma ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ijambo "radioactive." Ariko ntutinye. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri ubu bwoko bw'imiti butangaje buteye imbere cyane mu buvuzi, bukoreshwa mu gusuzuma no kuvura indwara.

Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu gupima imirasire ni iyihe?

Mu magambo make, iyi ni imiti yihariye yagenewe gukoreshwa mu buvuzi, ifite imirasire mike cyane kandi igenzurwa. Mu by'ukuri, iyi ni ubwoko bw'umuti. Ariko imbere muri uyu muti hari ikintu kimeze nk'"umuvuduko" muto. Dushobora kugenzura ingufu zitangwa na wo dukoresheje kamera zidasanzwe.

Ibi bikorwa, bigakwirakwizwa, kandi bigakoreshwa n'abantu bahawe amahugurwa yihariye muri uru rwego. Urugero, abahanga mu by'imiti ya kirimbuzi, abahanga mu by'imirasire, n'abaganga b'inzobere mu kuvura kanseri y'imirasire babikoresha neza cyane.

Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu ki?

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'iyi miti ya Radiopharmaceuticals. Imwe ni ukumenya indwara (Diagnostic) , indi ni ukuvura indwara (Therapeutic) . Tekereza ko dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rimwe, dushobora kumenya ikibazo kiri mu mubiri no kuvura icyo kibazo. Reka turebe ibi byombi ukwabyo.

1. Uburyo bwo gufasha mu gusuzuma indwara (Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals)

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane muri iyi miti. Ikibaho hano ni uko unywa, uhumeka, cyangwa utera ingano nto cyane y'uyu muti ukoresha imirasire mu mubiri wawe. Tubita kandi radiotracers .

Iyo uyu muti umaze kwinjira mu mubiri, ujya mu gace karimo indwara, ubwandu, cyangwa ikibazo. Hanyuma, kamera yihariye, nka kamera ya gamma, ikoreshwa mu gufata amafoto y'ahantu umuti wakusanyirijwe. Muri ayo mafoto, muganga ashobora kubona neza uko ingingo zawe zakora, uko amaraso yawe atemba, cyangwa niba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri.

• Ingero:
• Gupima PET (Positron Emission Tomography scans): Umuti witwa `Fluorine-18` ukunze gukoreshwa kuri ibi.
• Gupima amagufwa, umwijima n'impyiko: Umuti witwa `Technetium 99m` ni wo ukoreshwa cyane ku isi muri iki gikorwa.
• Gupima imikorere y'ibihaha:Bahumeka umuti witwa `Xenon-133`.
• Gupima imitsi y'umutima: Umuti witwa `Rubidium-82` uterwa mu mitsi.

2. Imiti ivura indwara zo mu bwoko bwa Radiopharmaceuticals

Ubu buryo ni uburyo bushya ariko bufite akamaro cyane mu kuvura kanseri. Bukubiyemo gutera umuti ukomeye gato utera imirasire mu mubiri kurusha uwo uhabwa kugira ngo umenye indwara.

Ibi ni nk'isasu rijya aho umuntu ashatse. Uyu muti ushakisha uturemangingo twa kanseri, ukanadufataho, hanyuma ukadusenya. Akamaro kanini k'ibi ni uko hari ibyangiritse bike cyane ku tundi turemangingo tuzima mu mubiri. Kubera ko ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwibasira uturemangingo twa kanseri gusa. Ibi bitandukanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura bukoresha imirasire iturutse hanze (`External Beam Radiation Therapy`).

Itandukaniro riri hagati y'imikoreshereze ibiri y'ingenzi

Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe byoroshye, reka turebe itandukaniro riri hagati y'iyi mikoreshereze yombi.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri hakoreshejwe radiopharmaceuticals?

Hari imiti myinshi ivura kanseri ifite akamaro kanini cyane muri iki gihe.

• PLUVICTO® (`lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan`):Ikoreshwa mu kuvura zimwe mu ndwara za kanseri ya prostate zakwirakwiriye mu tundi duce (metastatic).
• Lutathera™ (`Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate`): Iyi ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibibyimba bimwe na bimwe byo mu misemburo y'ubwonko biba mu gifu, pancreas, no mu mara.
• Iyode-131: Ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ya tiroyide n'indwara zitera imisemburo myinshi ya tiroyide, nka Graves' disease.
• Radium-223: Iyo kanseri ya prostate yakwirakwiriye (imaze gukwirakwira) ikagera mu magufwa, ibi bigira akamaro cyane mu gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri muri ayo magufwa.

Byongeye kandi, igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi ririmo gukorwa ku ikoreshwa ry’iyi miti ku bundi bwoko bwa kanseri, bivuze ko iki kizaba igice cy’ingenzi cyane mu kuvura kanseri mu gihe kizaza.

Ese koko iyi miti itekanye? Ese twagombye gutinya?

Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye abantu bose bibaza. Ni ibisanzwe ko tugira ubwoba iyo twumvise ijambo "radiyo ikoreshwa mu gupima." Ariko uku ni ukuri.

Tekereza, ingano y'imiti itangwa kugira ngo imenye indwara ni nto cyane ku buryo itazangiza umubiri wawe. Izakurwaho burundu mu mubiri wawe mu masaha make cyangwa iminsi mike.

Igipimo cy'umuti utangwa mu kuvura kirakomeye gato kurusha icyo. Kubwibyo, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho. Ariko kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, hano na none, abaganga bareba niba ibyiza by'umuti biruta ingaruka mbi. Ugereranije n'amahirwe yo gukira indwara ikomeye nka kanseri, izo ngaruka zishobora gukemurwa.

Iyo wahawe uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa gupima nk'ubu, muganga wawe azagusobanurira byose kuri bwo, ibyiza byabwo, n'ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho. Baza ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite muri icyo gihe.