Ese wasabwe gupimwa indwara ya tiroyide kugira ngo urebe ko hari ikibyimba mu ijosi ryawe? Reka tubyige nta bwoba.

Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika gato iyo muganga wawe akubwiye ko ufite ikibyimba mu ijosi kandi ko ugomba gupimwa. Iyo abenshi muri twe twumvise ijambo 'biopsy', duhita dutekereza kuri kanseri. Ariko se koko iki ni ikintu cyo gutinya? Ni iki kizagenda muri iki kizamini? Reka tubiganireho neza kandi mu buryo butuma wumva utuje.

Mu magambo make, ni iki gikorwa cyo gusuzuma indwara ya tiroyide?

Tekereza ko wakoze umugati munini. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gukata umugati wose kugira ngo urebe ibirimo kandi niba utekeshejwe neza, sibyo? Dushobora kubona igitekerezo dukata agace gato tukakarya.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara ya tiroyide ni nk'ubwo. Uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara ya tiroyide ni uburyo busaba gufata ingero nto cyane z'uturemangingo mu turemangingo turi mu gahu ka tiroyide, gafite ishusho nk'iy'ikinyugunyugu mu ijosi. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bw'uturemangingo iyo ndwara ikozemo.

Kuki ushaka gukora iyi biopsy?

Si indwara zose za tiroyide zisaba isuzuma rya biopsy. Hari igihe isuzuma ry'amaraso n'isuzuma rya scan bishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ikibazo.

Ariko, niba ufite utubyimba twa tiroyide, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukorerwa biopsy. Utu tubyimba ni utubyimba duto, dukomeye cyangwa twuzuye amazi tuba turi mu gasabo ka tiroyide. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka hano ni uko ibirenga 90% by'utu tubyimba atari kanseri (ntibyiza). Ibi bivuze ko nta ngaruka mbi bigira ku mubiri.

Muri rusange, niba ufite ikibyimba kirenze santimetero imwe, uba ukeneye gupimwa. Rero, kuba usabwe gupimwa, ntabwo bivuze ko ufite kanseri. Ni ukugira ngo umenye neza ko udafite kanseri.

Iyi biopsy ikorwa ite? Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi.

Abaganga bakoresha uburyo butatu cyane cyane mu gukora iki kizamini.

1. Gukoresha urushinge rworoshye (FNA) - Uburyo bukunze gukorwa cyane

Ubu ni bwo buryo bworoshye kandi bwizewe bukoreshwa na 99% by'abantu. Dore uko bigenda:

• Muganga azakoresha imashini ya ultrasound kugira ngo amenye neza aho ikibyimba kiri mu ijosi ryawe.
• Hanyuma, urushinge ruto cyane kandi rworoshye (nk'urushinge rukoreshwa mu gukurura amaraso) rushyirwa mu kibyimba maze hagakurwamo uturemangingo duke n'amazi (aspirated).
• Nta gukomereka gukomeye, nta gucika, kandi nta bubabare bukomeye bubaho.

2. Gupima urushinge rw'ibanze (CNB)

Ibi bisa cyane n'uburyo bwa FNA bwavuzwe haruguru. Ariko, urushinge rwakoreshejwe hano rurabyimbye gato. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa iyo ikizamini cya FNA kitaraboneka neza kandi hakenewe icyitegererezo kinini cy'ingingo. Ibi kandi akenshi bikorwa gake cyane.

3. Gupima ibinyabuzima (Biopsy) mu kubaga

Ibi bikorwa gake cyane. Bisuzumwa gusa iyo ubundi buryo bubiri budatanze umwanzuro usobanutse neza. Aha, hakorwa agato mu ijosi hanyuma igice cyangwa ikibyimba cyose kikavanwaho kigashyirwa mu isuzuma.

Wakwitegura ute mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Niba ugiye gukora ikizamini cya FNA cyangwa CNB gisanzwe, ntabwo bisaba kwitegura cyane.

• Keretse muganga wawe agugiriye inama itandukanye, ushobora kurya no kunywa bisanzwe.
• Ariko icy'ingenzi kurushaho, niba ufata imiti iyo ari yo yose igabanya amaraso (nka Aspirine, Warfarin, Clopidogrel), ugomba kubimenyesha muganga mbere y'igihe. Ashobora kugusaba guhagarika gufata imiti iminsi mike mbere y'ikizamini.
• Uzakorerwa isuzuma ry’umubiri (biopsy), kandi muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye y’uko wakwitegura.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Reka turebe intambwe ku yindi ibiba mu gihe cyo gupima FNA. Ibi bikunze kurangira mu gihe gito, iminota 10-20.

1. Ubwa mbere, uzasabwa kuryama ku buriri.

2. Hanyuma , haterwa agace gato k'ikinyabutabire kugira ngo agace k'urushinge kazashyirwamo katameze neza. Ibi bizakurinda kumva ububabare bwinshi.

3. Hanyuma, muganga azashyira igice gisa n'umutwe cya scan ya ultrasound (transducer) ku ijosi ryawe, maze akareba kuri moniteur, agaragaze aho ikibyimba kiri.

4. Hanyuma, witonze cyane, urushinge ruto rushyirwa mu ruhu aho rwanditseho ikimenyetso no mu ipfundo.

5. Uzasabwa kuguma uhagaze mu gihe icyitegererezo kirimo gufatwa. Ntukavuge cyangwa ngo umire muri iki gihe.

6. Nyuma yo gufata icyitegererezo, urushinge rurakurwaho hanyuma hagashyirwa plaster cyangwa igitambaro gito kuri ako gace.

7. Niba ufite amapfundo arenze rimwe, ushobora gufata ingero z'andi mapfundo mu buryo bumwe.

8. Icyitegererezo cyafashwe cyoherezwa kwa muganga w’inzobere mu by’uturemangingo (Cytologist) kugira ngo asuzumwe.

Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora kubaho nyuma yo gupimwa?

Iki ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane. Ingaruka mbi zikomeye ni gake cyane. Ingaruka mbi zikunze kugaragara zirimo:

• Aho ipfundikizo ryatangiriye hagaragara igikomere gito cyangwa igikomere.
• Ku bubabare buto nk'ubu, ushobora gufata umuti ugabanya ububabare nka Paracetamol. Ariko, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe mbere yo gufata umuti uwo ari wo wose.

Ingorane zidasanzwe cyane:

• Kuva amaraso
• Kwandura
• Iremwa ry'ikibyimba

Raporo ya biopsy ivuga iki?

Ubusanzwe uzahabwa raporo mu cyumweru kimwe. Ibisubizo bya raporo bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro by'ingenzi bigera kuri 6. Reka turebe icyo buri kimwe muri byo bivuze gusa.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

Kwandura nyuma yo gupimwa ni gake cyane. Ariko, niba ubonye kimwe mu bimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

• Niba urwaye umuriro
• Niba wumva ubukonje kandi uhinda umushyitsi
• Niba aho batoboye hatukura, habyimbye, kandi hari amazi asa n'ibibyimba asohokamo