Ese ukunze kurwara ibicurane n'inkorora? Cyangwa uhora ufite ibibazo byo mu gifu cyangwa ibibazo by'uruhu? Hari igihe ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bucitse intege gato. Uyu munsi rero turimo kuvuga ku ikizamini cy'ingenzi gikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza uko ubu budahangarwa buhagaze. Icyo ni ikizamini cya Immunoglobulin.
Iyi immunoglobulin ni iki?
Mu magambo make, ibi biroroshye cyane kubyumva. Tekereza ko umubiri wacu umeze nk'igihugu. Hanyuma abanzi ni mikorobe nka virusi na bagiteri zituruka hanze. Kugira ngo turwanye abo banzi, dufite itsinda ry'abasirikare badasanzwe mu mubiri wacu. Abo basirikare bitwa gusa antibiyotike .
Izi antibodies ni zo twita mu buvuzi 'Immunoglobulins'. Izi zikorwa n'uturemangingo turi mu budahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri. Bityo iki kizamini cya Immunoglobulins gipima umubare w'izi antibodies, cyangwa 'abasirikare', ufite mu mubiri wawe.
Bitewe n'indwara zimwe na zimwe, ingano ya Immunoglobulin mu mubiri wacu ishobora kwiyongera bitari ngombwa , ndetse rimwe na rimwe ikagabanuka birenze uko bikenewe .
- Iyo urugero rw'imyunyungugu mu mubiri ruri hasi: Ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara, cyane cyane indwara zandura.
- Iyo immunoglobulin yiyongereye: Bishobora gusobanura ko ufite allergie, cyangwa ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukora cyane.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa immunoglobulin?
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa immunoglobulines mu mibiri yacu. Buri bwoko bufite akazi kabwo. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bwa immunoglobulin | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Immunoglobulin A (IgA) | Izi antibodies zikunze kuboneka mu ruhu rw'ibihaha byacu, mu ruhu no mu mara. Ziboneka no mu mazi nk'amacandwe n'amarira. Ni zo ziturinda mikorobe zinjira muri utwo duce. |
| Immunoglobulin G (IgG) | Uyu ni 'umusirikare w'inararibonye' uboneka cyane mu maraso yacu no mu yandi matembabuzi yo mu mubiri. Afite kwibuka neza. Iyo mikorobe yinjiye mu mubiri igarutse, irayimenya kandi ikayitera vuba. Ni nk' 'urwibutso'. Abaganga bapima uru rugero rwa IgG kugira ngo bamenye niba warigeze guhura n'umukorobe runaka mbere. |
| Immunoglobulin M (IgM) | Iyo umugera mushya winjiye mu mubiri, aba basirikare ba IgM ni bo baza ku rugamba bwa mbere. Ni bo ba mbere mu kwirwanaho. Iyo umugera winjiye mu mubiri, izi ngero za IgM ziyongera igihe gito, hanyuma uko ingano za IgG ziyongera, ingano za IgM zongera kugabanuka. |
| Immunoglobulin E (IgE) | Ibi bitandukanye gato. Uru rugero rwa IgE ruriyongera iyo umubiri wacu utitwaye neza ku bintu bidafite ingaruka mbi mu by'ukuri, nk'umukungugu, ivumbi, n'ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe (ni ukuvuga iyo habayeho allergie). Uru rugero rwa IgE rupimwa mu maraso kugira ngo harebwe niba ufite allergie. |
Kuki muganga yagira inama yo gupima iki gipimo?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga wawe ategeka iki kizamini. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane iyo ukunze kwandura indwara.
Iki kizamini muri rusange gisabwa mu bihe bikurikira:
- Niba ukunze kugira ibibazo byo mu mazuru, indwara zo mu bihaha, indwara zo mu gifu cyangwa mu mara .
- Iyo ufite impiswi , ibyo bimara igihe kirekire.
- Niba urimo kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu igaragara.
- Niba ufite umuriro udasobanutse udashoboka udashobora gusobanurwa n'indi mpamvu.
- Iyo hari uduheri dutandukanye ku ruhu .
- Niba ukeka ko ufite allergie .
- Niba urwaye nyuma yo kuva mu rugendo rurerure.
- Gukurikirana indwara nka VIH/SIDA cyangwa Multiple Myeloma (ubwoko bwa kanseri).
Iki kizamini cya Immunoglobulin gikorwa gite?
Abaganga bakunze gupima byose uko ari bitatu hamwe: IgA, IgG, na IgM kugira ngo bamenye neza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.
Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kubikora ni ugufata ikizamini cy'amaraso .Nk’uko dusanzwe dutanga amaraso kugira ngo apimwe. Muri laboratoire (umuhanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga), bafata ingero nto y’amaraso mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe bakayohereza muri laboratoire. Ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye cyane, nta mpungenge dufite.
Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, iyo umuganga ashaka gupima amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo, yitwa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) , akoresha ubundi buryo. Ibi byitwa lumbar puncture (rimwe na rimwe byitwa 'spinal tap'). Ibi bikorwa mu bitaro. Uhabwa umuti wo kugabanya ububabare, hanyuma agafata urugero ruto rw'amazi mu mugongo wawe.
Raporo yanjye isobanura iki?
Nyuma yo kohereza icyitegererezo cyawe muri laboratwari, bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo raporo igere.
Igikuru ni uko udashobora kuvuga 100% ko ufite indwara kuko agaciro kayo kari hasi cyangwa hejuru. Ibi bitanga igitekerezo gito gusa.
Muganga wawe ashobora kandi gutegeka ibindi bipimo hamwe n'iyi raporo, nko gusuzuma umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC) , gusuzuma amaraso ya poroteyine , cyangwa gusuzuma inkari kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y'impyiko.
Reka turebe impamvu zisanzwe zituma izi ndangagaciro zizamuka zigashira.
| Ibintu bishobora gutera kwiyongera k'urugero rw'imyuga irinda umubiri | |
|---|---|
| Allergie | Indwara zidakira |
| Indwara z'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri - urugero: rubagimpande, Lupus, indwara ya Celiac | Indwara y'umwijima |
| Indwara y'ububyimbirwe bw'amara | Ubwoko bwa kanseri - urugero: Multiple Myeloma, Lymphoma, Leukemia |
| Ibintu bishobora gutuma urugero rw'imyuga irinda umubiri rugabanuka | |
|---|---|
| Imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (urugero: steroides) | Ingorane za diyabete |
| Indwara y'impyiko cyangwa kunanirwa | Ubusembwa bw'umubiri buvukanwa cyangwa bumaze kuvuka (urugero: VIH/SIDA ) |
Kubwibyo, aho kwihutira gufata umwanzuro ku biri muri raporo yawe, menya neza ko uganira na muganga wagusuzumye. Azasuzuma ibimenyetso byawe n'ibindi bipimo byose by'ibizamini, akubwire neza icyo ugomba gukora n'ingamba ugomba gufata nyuma yaho.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Immunoglobulin ni ubwoko bwa antibody imeze nk'umusirikare mu mubiri wacu urwanya indwara.
- Iki kizamini gishobora kuba ingenzi niba ukunze kwandura indwara, ufite ubwivumbure, cyangwa niba ukeka ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke.
- Iki kizamini kigenzura urwego rw'ubwoko butandukanye bw'abasirikari b'umubiri, nka IgA, IgG, IgM, na IgE.
- Agaciro gake cyangwa gakomeye muri raporo gashobora guterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye. Ntugatekereze ko hari indwara ubwayo.
- Muganga wawe ni we wenyine ushobora gutanga ibisobanuro byiza n'inama zirambuye ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe, bityo rero menya neza ko umubonanye.
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