Icyo ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwa TAVR (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement), busimbura valve idafunguye umutima

Iyo wumvise ijambo "kubaga umutima," ni iki kikuza mu mutwe? Akenshi, dutekereza ku kubaga gukomeye gukubiyemo gufungura igituza, si byo? Ariko hamwe n'iterambere rya siyansi y'ubuvuzi, ubu hari uburyo bworoshye cyane bwo kuvura ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'umutima. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bumwe bushya kandi bwagenze neza.

TAVR ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Igisobanuro cyuzuye cya TAVR ni Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement . Rimwe na rimwe yitwa TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation). Aya mazina yombi yerekeza ku buryo bumwe bwo kuvura.

Mu magambo make, TAVR ni uburyo bwo gusimbuza valve y'umutima ikoresha aorta binyuze mu gukata gato cyane, udafunguye igituza.

Tekereza umutima wacu nk'ipompe y'amazi mu nzu. Iyi pompe yohereza amaraso mu mubiri wose binyuze mu muyoboro mukuru. Uyu muyoboro mukuru witwa aorta. Iyo amaraso ava mu mutima ajya muri uyu muyoboro, hari ikintu kimeze nk'irembo rigenzura iyo miyoboro y'amaraso. Ibyo ni byo twita aorta. Iyo iyi vali idafungutse cyangwa ngo ifunze neza, havuka ibibazo bikomeye mu miyoboro y'amaraso ijya mu mubiri wose. TAVR ikubiyemo gusimbuza vali yangiritse kandi idakora neza vali nshya.

Ni nde ukeneye uburyo bwa TAVR?

Ubu buvuzi ni bwo bukenewe cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyitwa aortic stenosis . Ni ukuvuga ko valve ya aortic twavuze mbere ifunganye. Kimwe n'irembo ry'ingufu, iyi valve ntifunguka burundu.

Hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zituma valve igabanuka muri ubu buryo:

• Kugeza mu zabukuru: Akenshi ku bantu barengeje imyaka 70, kalisiyumu yiyongera mu muyoboro w'amaraso, bigatuma ikomera kandi igakomera.
• Izindi ndwara: Iyi valve ishobora kwangirika vuba bitewe n'indwara nk'indwara y'umutima ya rubagimpande cyangwa ubundi busembwa bw'umutima buvukanwa (urugero: valve ya bicuspid aortic).

Iyo valve igabanutse, umutima ugomba gukora cyane kurusha mbere kugira ngo ushyire amaraso umubiri ukeneye mu mubiri. Ni nk'aho moteri igomba gusohora amazi menshi mu muyoboro wafunze. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, iyi mihangayiko yiyongereye ku mutima ishobora gutuma imitsi y'umutima icika intege, amaherezo igatera umutima guhagarara nabi.

Ni iki kibaho mbere ya TAVR?

Mbere yuko ujya muri TAVR, muganga wawe azakora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo asuzume neza uko umerewe. Ibi bizamini bishobora gutanga ishusho isobanutse y'uko amaraso atemba mu mutima wawe ndetse niba hari ibindi bibazo.

Ibi ni byo bizamini bikunze gukorwa:

• Gupima amaraso
• Echocardiogram - Ibi ni nko gupima umutima.
• Isuzuma ry'umutima (Electrocardiogram) (ECG)
• Isuzuma rya CT cyangwa MRI
• Gushyiramo katheteri mu mutima - Ibi bireba niba hari imitsi y'umutima ifunganye itanga amaraso mu mutima.

Nyuma y’uko ibi bizamini byose birangiye, muganga azaganira nawe akagusobanurira byose ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, icyo utegereje nyuma, n’uburyo uzaterwa ikinya. Ushobora kubaza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ushobora kuba ufite muri iki gihe.

Uzasabwa guhagarika kurya no kunywa amasaha 4-6 mbere y'uko uhabwa imiti. Nanone, ugomba kubaza muganga wawe niba ukeneye guhagarika gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose n'igihe ugomba kuyihagarika.

Uburyo ubuvuzi bwa TAVR bukorwa

Ubu buryo bworoshye cyane. Uzahabwa ikinya kugira ngo utazagira ububabare. Uzahabwa kandi imiti yo kwirinda kubyimba kw'amaraso.

Hanyuma, umuganga w’indwara z’umutima akurikiza izi ntambwe:

1. Gukata gato: Gukata gato cyane, akenshi hafi y'umuyoboro munini w'amaraso (umuyoboro w'amaraso wo mu kibuno) mu gice cyo hejuru cy'itako ryawe, hafi y'ikibuno.

2. Gushyiramo catheter: Binyuze mu gukata, umuyoboro muto cyane kandi woroshye witwa catheter unyura mu mitsi y'amaraso ukagera ku mutima.

3. Gushyiramo valve nshya: Valve nshya inyuzwa muri iyi catheter, igashyirwa muri valve yawe ishaje, yangiritse, hanyuma ikaguka. Valve nshya ishyirwa aho hantu neza neza. Valve ishaje ishyirwa ku ruhande n'indi nshya ikaguma aho ngaho.

4. Isuzuma: Valve nshya iragenzurwa kugira ngo harebwe niba ikora neza kandi niba hari aho iva.

5. Gukuraho no gukurura: Iyo byose bimeze neza, catheter ikurwaho witonze, agace gato kakozwe bwa mbere karasukwa, hanyuma hagashyirwaho plaster.

Ubusanzwe, iki gikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri.

Ni izihe nyungu z'ibi?

TAVR ifite ibyiza byinshi ugereranyije no kubaga umutima mu buryo busanzwe.

Nubwo hari ibyiza nk'ibi, kubaga umutima mu buryo bw'ibanga bishobora kuba byiza ku barwayi bamwe na bamwe. Ugomba kuganira na muganga wawe niba TAVR cyangwa kubaga umutima mu buryo bw'ibanga ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Ese nta ngaruka mbi zibaho? Reka tuvuge no ku ngaruka zishobora kubaho

TAVR ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura. Bitewe n'iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, ingorane ubu zirakunze kugaragara. Ariko, kimwe no mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo kuvura, hari ingaruka nkeya.

• Imikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi y'umutima irahinduka, bisaba ko hashyirwaho icyuma gifasha umutima gutera umutima guhagarara neza .
• Kuva amaraso hirya no hino kuri vali nshya.
• Indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke).
• Kuva amaraso.
• Kwandura indwara.
• Kwangirika kw'impyiko, umutima, cyangwa imiyoboro y'amaraso.

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza izi ngaruka. Kubera ko ibi bikorwa n'itsinda ry'abaganga b'inararibonye, ​​ingaruka ni nke cyane.

Ese uburyo bwa TAVR ntibukwiriye buri wese?

Nubwo ubu buryo bw'ubuvuzi ari ingirakamaro cyane, ntabwo bukwiriye buri wese. Muganga wawe ashobora kudasaba TAVR ku muntu ufite indwara zikurikira:

• Niba waragize indwara y'umutima mu gihe cy'ukwezi kumwe.
• Niba ufite ibibazo bikomeye by'umutima wavukanye.
• Iyo hari ibibazo ku yindi mitsi y'umutima (urugero: Mitral regurgitation).
• Niba uherutse kugira stroke cyangwa TIA (Transient ischemic attack).
• Niba ufite indwara ikomeye y'impyiko.

Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura hashingiwe ku buzima bwawe muri rusange.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Abantu benshi bashobora gutaha bavuye mu bitaro mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri nyuma yo kuvurwa na TAVR. Igihe bifata kugira ngo umuntu akire neza gitandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye.

• Ubusanzwe ushobora gukomeza ibikorwa byawe byinshi bya buri munsi mu minsi mike.
• Ugomba gutegereza icyumweru kimwe mbere yo gukora ibintu nko guterura ibyuma.
• Ushobora kujya ku kazi mu byumweru bibiri hanyuma ugatwara imodoka mu gihe cy'ukwezi.
• Bishobora gufata ibyumweru biri hagati ya 6 na 10 kugira ngo umuntu akire neza.

Muganga wawe azakugira inama ku gihe ugomba kuruhuka, icyo gukora n'icyo utagomba gukora. Gukurikiza iyo nama ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ukire vuba.

Byongeye kandi, ushobora koherezwa muri gahunda yo kuvura umutima , ikaba ari urukurikirane rw'imyitozo yihariye yo gukomeza umutima wawe. Ibi bizihutisha inzira yo gukira.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga?

Nyuma yo kuvurwa na TAVR, uzasabwa kujya kwisuzumisha, rimwe mu kwezi hanyuma rimwe mu mwaka. Izi gahunda zo gukurikirana ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo urebe neza ko valve nshya ikora neza. Ariko, niba ubonye kimwe mu bimenyetso biri hepfo, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe.

Mu gihe habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa nko kubabara mu gatuza cyangwa guhumeka nabi cyane , jya ku bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ETU) by’ibitaro biri hafi yawe vuba.