Abaganga barokora ubuzima mu bihe byihutirwa: Ni nde muganga uvura ihungabana?

Nta n'umwe muri twe ukunda impanuka, si byo se? Ariko iyo impanuka ibaye mu gihe kitunguranye, hari itsinda ry'abaganga b'inzobere bariho kugira ngo barokore ubuzima bwacu. Abo ni bo twita abaganga b'ihungabana . Muri iyi nkuru, tuzavuga ku baganga abo ari bo, icyo bakora, n'akamaro bafite ku buzima bwacu.

Umuganga w’indwara z’ihungabana ni nde?

Mu magambo make, `(Umuganga w’Ihungabana)` ni umuganga w’umuhanga cyane ukora ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ku mvune zikomeye n’indwara zihutirwa zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Tekereza, niba ugize impanuka ikomeye ugakomereka bikomeye, uyu `(Umuganga w’Ihungabana)` ni we uyoboye itsinda ry’abaganga bakwitaho. Iri tsinda rishobora kuba ririmo abakozi bo mu ishami ry’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze, abandi baganga b’inzobere mu kubaga, n’abandi. Ni inshingano zabo kandi kugenzura uko wakize nyuma yo kubagwa no guhuza na muganga w’umuryango wawe (`Umuganga w’Ishuri Rikuru`). Hari igihe aba baganga bitwa kandi ``Umuganga w’Ihungabana`` cyangwa ``Umuganga w’Ihungabana``.

Ni izihe mvune n'indwara nyamukuru izi nzobere zivura?

Ese wari uzi ko buri mwaka, abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni ku isi bakomerekera mu mpanuka bakagera mu bitaro? Ibi ni ko bimeze no muri Sri Lanka. Nubwo aba "Baganga b'Abaganga b'Ihungabana" batojwe kuvura imvune zitandukanye, hari indwara nke bahura nazo kandi bakavura:

Ihungabana rya Blunt Force

Izi ni imvune zibaho iyo ikintu kigukubise cyane (`Blunt Force Trauma`). Tekereza ibintu nk'impanuka y'imodoka, kugwa uvuye uburebure, cyangwa ikintu kiremereye kigwa ku mubiri wawe. Ibi ni byo bihe biba bikenewe kubagwa byihutirwa. Kuko ibyangiritse imbere bishobora kuba bikomeye kuruta uko bigaragara inyuma.

Ihungabana ryinjira mu mubiri

Iki ni igikomere giterwa n'ikintu gityaye cyinjira mu ruhu kikinjira mu mubiri (`Penetrating Trauma`). Urugero, harimo igikomere cy'amasasu, igikomere cy'icyuma cyangwa indi ntwaro ityaye, cyangwa gukubitwa n'ikintu gityaye. Muri bene ibyo bikomere, ni ngombwa cyane guhagarika kuva amaraso vuba no kugenzura niba nta byangiritse ku ngingo z'imbere.

Ibikomere byo gutwika

Aba baganga bavura ubushye bukomeye buterwa n'umuriro, ibinyobwa bishyushye, n'umwuka ushyushye (`ubushyuhe bushyushye`). Banavura ubushye buterwa n'imiti (`ubushyuhe bukoresha ikoranabuhanga`), kwangirika kw'ibihaha guterwa no guhumeka imyuka ihumanya, na `ubushyuhe bukabije`, ari byo bihitana uruhu n'ingingo bitewe n'ubukonje bukabije.

Kubagwa mu buryo bwihutirwa no kwita ku buzima busanzwe

Benshi `(Umuganga w'Ihungabana)` n'abandiBagira uruhare mu kubaga byihutirwa. Urugero, bashobora kubaga indwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima bwawe mu kaga nko kuziba amara. Bashobora kandi kugufasha kuvura indwara zikomeye zigutera mu gihe uri mu bitaro, nka sepsis (ubwandu bukomeye buterwa no kurohama mu mara), kunanirwa guhumeka, cyangwa kunanirwa kw'ingingo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura no kubaga byihutirwa aba baganga bakora?

Mu gihe habaye impanuka, "Umuganga w'Abaganga b'Ihungabana" akora ubuvuzi butandukanye bwo kurokora ubuzima ndetse no kubaga, yaba ari wenyine cyangwa afatanyije n'abandi bahanga. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:

• Gupima mu gihe cyihutirwa: Ubu buryo (`Emergency Thoracostomy`) bushobora gukorwa mu gihe igituza cyawe (gikikije ibihaha) cyuzuye amaraso cyangwa mu gihe ibihaha byaguye mu buryo butunguranye (`Lung Collapse`). Ibi bikubiyemo gukata gato ku ruhu rw'igituza no gushyiramo ``Chest Tube``, umuyoboro, aho amaraso cyangwa umwuka bivanwa.
• Gukorerwa ibiza byihutirwa: Ubu ni ukubaga gukomeye. Bikorerwa ku mvune zikomeye zo mu gituza zishobora guhitana ubuzima cyangwa nk'uburyo bwihutirwa ku zindi mvune zo mu gituza. Igituza kirafungurwa hanyuma ingingo zangiritse zigasanwa.
• Guca mu buryo bwihutirwa (Emergency Laparotomy): Ibi bikubiyemo gukata hagati mu nda yawe (`Emergency Laparotomy`). Ibi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo bivure igikomere gikomeye cyo mu nda, guhagarika kuva amaraso imbere, cyangwa nk'igice cy'ibagwa ryihutirwa rya appendix.
• Kuva amaraso menshi no kugenzura ibikomere: Iyo uruhu rwinjiriyemo kandi rukava amaraso menshi bitewe n'ibintu nk'igikomere cy'amasasu, igikomere cy'icyuma, cyangwa ikintu gityaye, imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi z'aba baganga ni ukugenzura kuva amaraso, gusukura igikomere, no kugidoda bibaye ngombwa .
• Ubufatanye mu kubaga indwara z'ubwonko: Abaganga b'indwara z'ihungabana bakunze gukorana n'abaganga b'indwara z'ubwonko, cyane cyane mu kuvura ibikomere byo mu mutwe, nko gucika kw'amaraso mu gice cy'imbere cy'umutwe n'ibikomere byo mu bwonko.

Ni gute umuntu aba umuganga w’indwara z’ihungabana?

Kuba inzobere nk'iyi ntabwo byoroshye. Bisaba gukora cyane, ubwitange, n'igihe kirekire cy'uburezi. Urugero, mu gihugu nka Amerika, kuba "Umuganga w'Ihungabana" bikunze gufata imyaka 13 kugeza kuri 15 y'uburezi. Ibi birimo:

• Impamyabumenyi y'ibanze y'imyaka ine.
• Ishuri ry’ubuganga ry’imyaka ine (impamyabumenyi y’ubuganga).
• Gahunda y'imyaka itanu yo gutura mu bitaro. Muri iki gihe, bahabwa inyigo nyinshi mu bijyanye no kubaga muri rusange.
• Ibi bikurikirwa na gahunda y'amahugurwa yihariye y'umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri (`Gahunda y'Ubusabane`). Aha niho ubonera ubumenyi n'amahugurwa mu bijyanye no kwita ku buzima busanzwe no kuvura ihungabana.
• Hari igihe, muri iki gihe cy'amahugurwa yo gutura mu gihugu, ugomba no gukora ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuvuzi mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe kugeza kuri itatu.

Si ibyo gusa, bagomba gutsinda ibizamini by’impushya z’ubuvuzi byo mu gihugu bireba (nk’ikizamini cya `Uruhushya rw’Ubuvuzi muri Amerika`). Bagomba kandi kubona icyemezo rusange cyo kubaga n’icyemezo cy’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi bw’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi budasanzwe bivuye mu nama z’abaganga zihariye (nk’ikizamini cya `Uruhushya rw’Ubuvuzi muri Amerika`).

Bamwe mu baganga b'ihungabana bahabwa amahugurwa y'inyongera mu kuvura impanuka z'abantu benshi , ni ukuvuga igihe abantu benshi bakomeretse mu mpanuka imwe (urugero: igisasu cyaturitse, ibiza bikomeye, impanuka ikomeye y'imodoka).

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'umuganga mukuru w'indwara z'ihungabana n'umuganga mukuru w'indwara z'ihungabana?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Buri `(Umuganga w’Ihungabana)` mbere na mbere ni umuganga mukuru. Ibyo bivuze ko bahawe amahugurwa y’ibanze mu kubaga muri rusange. Ariko itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko `(Umuganga w’Ihungabana)` yahawe amahugurwa yihariye (`Ubufatanye`) mu kwita ku bantu bakomeretse cyane n’ihungabana, kandi yabonye icyemezo cy’ubuvuzi bw’ibanze bwo kubaga. Kubwibyo, bafite ubushobozi bwihariye bwo kuvura imvune zishobora guhitana ubuzima.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ikigo cyita ku barwayi bakomeretse n'ibitaro bisanzwe?

`(Ikigo cy’ihungabana)`, ni ukuvuga ikigo cyihariye cyo kuvura ibibazo byihutirwa, ni ahantu hatandukanye gato n’ibitaro bisanzwe. Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni uko `(Ikigo cy’ihungabana)` gifite abakozi b’ubuvuzi bahuguwe byihariye, barimo inzobere `(Umuganga w’ihungabana), ushobora guhamagara amasaha 24 ku munsi, iminsi 7 mu cyumweru. Nanone, ibi bigo bifite byose umuntu wagize impanuka akeneye, nk'ibikoresho bigezweho, ibikoresho byo mu bubiko bw’amaraso, ibyumba byo kubaga byihutirwa, nibindi. Muri Sri Lanka, amavuriro akomeye nk'aya nayo akora ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane.

Ese aba baganga babaga ibikomere byose? Ese bakora bonyine?

Abaganga b'ihungabana ni ingenzi mu itsinda rinini ry'abaganga.Bakunze gukorana bya hafi n'abaganga b'imitsi n'abaganga b'amagufwa, kuko mu mpanuka ikomeye, ubwonko, uruti rw'umugongo, cyangwa amagufwa bishobora kwangirika. Muri ibyo bihe, inkunga y'inzobere zibishinzwe ni ngombwa. Bakorana kandi n'abaganga, abaforomo, n'abandi bakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bwihuse kugira ngo bavure abantu bafite ibikomere bikomeye. Ibi bivuze ko ari umurimo w'ikipe.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane cyo kwibuka

Nta n'umwe muri twe witeze guhura n'impanuka cyangwa ngo akenera kuvurwa byihutirwa kubera indwara ishobora kumuhitana. Ariko, mu buryo butunguranye, abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bahura n'ibi bintu buri mwaka, bikaba bisaba "Ubuvuzi bwihuse".

Mu bihe nk'ibi, mu ntambara iri hagati y'ubuzima n'urupfu, aba "Baganga b'ihungabana" ni bo bari ku rugamba barwanira kurokora ubuzima.

Bafite amahugurwa yihariye n'uburambe bw'agaciro. Bashobora kumenya vuba indwara zitandukanye zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga no kuvura no kubagwa bikenewe. Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi akeneye kubagwa byihutirwa, umuganga wawe uvura ihungabana, hamwe n'abandi baganga, ni bo bazaba itsinda rizagufasha kugeza ukize. Niyo mpamvu serivisi z'aba baganga ari iz'agaciro ntagereranywa. Bameze nk'intwari zidasanzwe zo muri sosiyete yacu.

Impanuka , Abaganga, Abaganga b'ihungabana, Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, Ibikomere, Kubaga, Abarinda ubuzima