Ese hari igihe ubabara amaguru cyangwa ubabara mu nda iyo ugenda? Cyangwa amaguru yawe asa n'ubururu kandi afite amapfundo? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uko hari ibibazo bimwe na bimwe mu mikorere y'amaraso, ni ukuvuga imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mubiri wacu. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri izi ndwara ziterwa n'imiyoboro y'amaraso, cyangwa nk'uko tubyita mu buvuzi, 'indwara z'imitsi'.
Mu magambo make, izi ndwara z'imitsi ni izihe?
Indwara z'imitsi yerekeza ku ndwara iyo ari yo yose igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso. Tekereza ko imibiri yacu imeze nk'urusobe rw'imiyoboro. Uru rusobe rw'imiyoboro ni imiyoboro y'amaraso. Ni muri ibyo binyujijwemo amaraso mu mibiri yacu. Uru rwego rufite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi.
- Imitsi: Iyi ni imitsi minini itwara amaraso meza (amaraso afite umwuka wa ogisijeni) iva mu mutima ijya mu bindi bice byose by'umubiri.
- Imitsi: Iyi ni imitsi ijyana amaraso mabi (amaraso adahumeka umwuka) mu mutima iturutse mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri.
- Kapilari: Iyi ni imiyoboro y'amaraso mito cyane kandi yoroshye cyane. Ihuza imiyoboro y'amaraso n'imitsi, kandi igatanga ogisijeni n'intungamubiri mu ngingo zacu kandi igakusanya imyanda.
Rero, ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kigira ingaruka kuri iyi mitsi, imitsi, imitsi ifunganye, cyangwa imitsi ifunganye, cyangwa indwara iyo ari yo yose ibangamira urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso bitewe n'ibibazo bifitanye isano n'amaraso nko kuvura amaraso, ni icyo twita indwara y'imitsi.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara z'imitsi?
Izi ndwara zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye. Zimwe zifata imitsi gusa, izindi zifata imitsi gusa. Hariho kandi indwara zifata ibice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri gusa. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.
1. Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande
Kimwe n'imitsi itera umutima mu mutima wacu, imitsi yo hanze y'umutima nayo iraziba ibintu nk'ibinure na kolesteroli, ibyo twita 'plaque' , maze imitsi itangira kuziba imbere. Iyi ndwara tuyita 'atherosclerosis' . Uko igihe kigenda gihita, iyo imitsi iziba muri ubwo buryo, amaraso agenda aragabanuka. Ingaruka zabyo ni uko ingingo z'umubiri zishobora kutabona amaraso akenewe. Ibi tubyita 'ischemia' .
Zimwe mu ndwara ziri muri iki cyiciro ziravugwa hano hasi.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande (PAD) | Akenshi, imitsi yo mu maguru iraziba. Iyo amaraso aciwe burundu, ingingo zirapfa maze hakavuka ibisebe , ndetse n'ukuguru bishobora no gucibwa. |
| Indwara yo mu mara iterwa n'indwara ya Ischemic | Kuziba kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu gifu. |
| Indwara y'imitsi y'impyiko | Kuziba kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mpyiko. Ibi bishobora gutuma impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza. |
| Ikintu cya Raynaud giteye ubwoba | Iyo umuntu ahuye n'ubukonje bukabije cyangwa stress, imitsi mito yo mu ntoki no mu mano irafungana, bigatuma intoki zigira umweru cyangwa ubururu. |
| Indwara ya Buerger | Indwara ifitanye isano rikomeye no kunywa itabi. Kuziba imitsi mito n'iciriritse mu biganza no ku birenge bishobora gutuma amaraso abura mu ntoki, gupfa kw'imitsi (gangrene) no gucibwa intoki. |
2. Ibibazo by'imitsi ya Carotide
Ibi ni ibibazo biba mu mitsi mikuru ya carotid, iri ku mpande zombi z'ijosi ryacu, itanga amaraso mu bwonko.
- Indwara y'imitsi ya Carotid: Kugabanya cyangwa kuziba uyu mutsi utanga amaraso mu bwonko bishobora gutera indwara y'ubuhumekero bw'imisemburo (TIA) cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi .
- Guca imitsi ya Carotid: Gucika k'urukuta rw'imitsi, bigatuma amaraso ava.
- Aneurysm y'imitsi ya Carotid: Gucika intege k'urukuta rw'imitsi bituma ibyimba nk'umupira. Hari ibyago byo guturika kw'iyi mitsi.
3. Indwara y'imitsi
Uturindantoki turi mu mitsi yacuHari ikintu cyitwa valve. Ni nk'umuyoboro urekura amazi mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. Iyo imitsi yacu ifashe, iyi valve irakinguka maze amaraso akazamuka (yerekeza ku mutima). Iyo imitsi iruhutse, valve irafunga maze amaraso agahagarara gusubira hasi.
Ariko iyo izi valve zangiritse, ntizifunga neza. Hanyuma amaraso atangira gutembera mu byerekezo byombi. Ibi bituma amaraso yibumbira mu bice byo hasi, cyane cyane mu maguru, maze imitsi igatangira kubyimba no gufunga. Izi ndwara ni izi:
- Imitsi ya Varicose: Imitsi yabyimbye, y'umuhengeri, igoramye igaragara munsi y'uruhu.
- Imitsi y'igitagangurirwa: Imitsi mito y'umutuku cyangwa umuhengeri, isa n'igitagangurirwa, igaragara mu mavi no ku kaguru.
- Indwara yo mu mitsi miremire (DVT): Amaraso agwa mu mitsi miremire imbere mu mubiri.
- Kunanirwa k'imitsi ikora neza (CVI): Kugorwa no gusubiza amaraso mu mutima bitewe n'uko inkuta cyangwa imitsi yo mu maguru idakora neza.
4. Kuziba kw'amaraso
Udukoko tw'amaraso (thrombus) ni ikintu gisa n'umusemburo mu mitsi y'amaraso. Iki gipimo gishobora gucika kikagendana n'amaraso, kikabuza imitsi y'amaraso mu bihaha ( Pulmonary Embolism ), umutima ( Heart Attack ), cyangwa ubwonko ( Stroke ). Izi ni indwara ziteje akaga cyane.
Iyo umuntu afite DVT (amaraso apfundika mu mitsi miremire mu kaguru), amaraso ashobora gucika akajya mu bihaha, bigatuma habaho uburwayi bwo mu bihaha. Ibi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
5. Aneurysm y'imiyoboro y'amaraso (Aortic Aneurysm)
Aneurysm ni ugucika intege k'urukuta rw'imitsi itwara amaraso, bigatuma ibyimba nk'umupira. Nubwo bishobora kubaho mu mitsi iyo ari yo yose itwara amaraso, bikunze kugaragara mu muyoboro w'amaraso, ari wo mutsi mukuru uva mu mutima.
- Aneurysm y'imitsi yo mu gituza: Kubyimba kw'imitsi yo mu gituza.
- Aneurysm y'imitsi yo mu nda: Kubyimba kw'imitsi yo mu nda.
6. Lymphedema
Sisitemu yacu ya lymphatic ni urusobe rw'imiyoboro yoroheje ifasha ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri. Iyo iyi miyoboro yangiritse cyangwa igafunga, amazi ya lymphatic arundanya agatera kubyimba mu ngingo zacu. Ibi byitwa Lymphedema .
Ni izihe mpamvu n'ibintu bishobora gutera izi ndwara?
Indwara zimwe na zimwe z’imitsi zishobora kuragwa (mu buryo bw’uturemangingo), ariko akenshi, izi ndwara ziterwa n’ingeso mbi z’ubuzima n’izindi ndwara.
- Kolesteroli nyinshi
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
- Kunywa itabi n'itabi
- Diyabete
- Umubyibuho ukabije n'ubwiyongere bw'ibiro
- Siporo
- Amateka y'imiryango y'izi ndwara
- Gusaza
Ese nawe ufite ibi bimenyetso?
Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'indwara. Reka turebe ibimenyetso by'indwara nyinshi zikomeye.
| Icyiciro cy'indwara | Ibimenyetso bisanzwe |
|---|---|
| Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande (PAD) | Kubabara cyangwa kuribwa mu maguru, cyane cyane mu mabere, iyo umuntu agenda hanyuma akabura nyuma y'igihe runaka, guhinduka kw'ibara ry'uruhu ku maguru, ibikomere bidakira, n'umunaniro mu maguru. |
| Indwara y'imitsi ifata imiyoboro ya carotide | Akenshi nta bimenyetso bigaragara mu ntangiriro. Bishobora kutagaragara kugeza igihe umuntu arwaye indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara ya TIA, ibi bikaba byatera ibibazo byo kutabona cyangwa kuvuga, urujijo, no kugira ibibazo byo kwibuka. |
| Imitsi ya Varicose (CVI) | Kubyimba amaguru, ububabare, kumva amaguru aremereye, imitsi igaragara nk'ubururu/umuhengeri, uruhu rushyuha. |
| Kuziba kw'amaraso (DVT, PE) | DVT: Kubyimba, ububabare, gutukura, n'ubushyuhe mu kuguru kumwe. Kubabara mu gituza: Kubabara mu gituza gitunguranye, guhumeka bigoranye, gukorora amaraso. (Ibi ni ibintu byihutirwa!) |
| Aneurysm y'umutsi munini w'amaraso | Akenshi nta bimenyetso bihari. Iyo aneurysm ivunitse, ushobora kugira ububabare butunguranye, bukomeye mu gituza cyangwa mu nda, kuzungera, no gutera umutima vuba. (Ibi nabyo ni ibyihutirwa!) |
Ni gute umuganga asuzuma izi ndwara?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, azagusuzuma neza, akubaze ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe, kandi ashobora no kugutegeka ibipimo byinshi kugira ngo yemeze ko wanduye.
- Ultrasound y'imitsi: Iyi ni scan ikoresha amajwi kugira ngo irebe uko amaraso atembera mu mitsi no kureba niba hari ikintu cyazibye.
- CT Angiography: Hakorwa isuzuma rya CT kugira ngo haboneke amashusho arambuye y’imitsi y’amaraso mu buryo burambuye binyuze mu gutera ikintu cyihariye mu mubiri.
- MR Angiography: Gufata amashusho y'imitsi y'amaraso ukoresheje imashini ya MRI ukoresheje imbaraga za rukuruzi.
- Angiografiya ya Catheter: Umuyoboro muto (catheter) unyuzwa mu mitsi y'amaraso hanyuma ugaterwamo amazi yihariye kugira ngo harebwe ko imitsi yazibye munsi ya X-ray.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?
Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'indwara n'ubukana bwayo. Inama rusange ihabwa abarwayi bose ni uguhindura imibereho yabo . Ibyo bivuze kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kwirinda kunywa itabi. Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo bwo kuvura nk'ubu:
- Imiti: Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nk'imiti igabanya amaraso, imiti igabanya cholesterol (statins), imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'imiti igabanya imitsi.
- Angioplasty na Stenting: Uburyo bwo gushyiramo igikoresho gisa n'ibendera mu mitsi ifunganye, gishyirwamo umwuka kugira ngo umutsi wongere kwaguka (angioplasty), hanyuma hagashyirwamo igikoresho gisa n'imvange (stent) kugira ngo kidafunga nanone.
- Kubagwa: Hari ubwo biba ngombwa gukuraho umutsi wafunzwe ukawusimbuza undi mutsi (kubagwa mu buryo butanyuze mu nzira) cyangwa kubagwa bagakuraho amaraso yangiritse (thrombectomy). Mu ndwara nk'imitsi ya varicose, ubuvuzi bwa laser cyangwa kubagwa nabyo bikoreshwa mu gukuraho umutsi.
Igikuru ni uko muganga wawe ari we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ntukajye gushaka imiti kuko wayibonye kuri interineti cyangwa ngo uyimenye ku muntu.
Ni ibihe bihe ukenera kujya muri ETU mu buryo butunguranye?
Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi agize kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, jya kwa muganga mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU). Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga nko kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko, indwara y'umutima, cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko.
- Ububabare bukabije mu gituza butunguranye
- Ububabare bukabije bw'igifu butunguranye
- Kugorwa no kuvuga, kuvuga amagambo make
- Kugwa k'uruhande rumwe rw'isura
- Ubumuga cyangwa intege nke z'ukuboko kumwe cyangwa ukuguru kumwe
- Gutungurwa cyane cyangwa kuzungera mu buryo butunguranye
- Kubura cyangwa kutabona neza
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara z'imitsi ni indwara ikunze kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amaraso mu mubiri wacu.
- Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, cholesterol nyinshi, no kunywa itabi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi bishobora gutera indwara.
- Ntukirengagize ibimenyetso nko kubabara amaguru, kuribwa mu maguru, cyangwa guhumeka bigoranye. Shaka muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Indwara nyinshi muri izi zishobora kwirindwa no kugenzurwa n'imibereho myiza (indyo nziza, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kwirinda kunywa itabi).
- Ni ingenzi cyane gukoresha imiti wahawe na muganga neza kandi mu gihe cyagenwe.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso byihutirwa (kubabara cyane mu gituza, kunyara mu maso, kugorwa no kuvuga), jya kwa muganga vuba.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.