Tose tinoziva kutya nekuzvidya mwoyo kunouya nekunzwa kubva kuna chiremba kuti nhengo yemhuri kana shamwari ine chirwere chakakomba cheropa kana kenza yeropa. Asi nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwekurapa nhasi, kune mishonga ine simba inogona kurapa zvirwere zvakadaro. Imwe nzira yakadaro yekurapa inoponesa hupenyu inonzi "Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant." Kunyangwe zita racho ringanzwika serakaoma, ngatitaurei nezvezvinoitika mune izvi zviri nyore.
Chii chinonzi allogeneic stem cell transplant?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa masero emuviri ane chirwere uye asingashande zvakanaka mumuviri wako woatsiva nemasero emuviri ane hutano uye anoenderana nemumwe munhu (anopa).
Zvino ngatitsanangurei izvi zvishoma.
- Masero Eropa: Tinogonawo kudana aya kuti "masero amai" nekuti masero aya akafanana nefekitori inogadzira mamwe masero ese eropa mumuviri wedu (masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, maplatelet). Masero aya anowanikwa zvakanyanya mumongo wedu wemapfupa.
- Allogeneic: Izwi iri rinoreva "kugashira kubva kune mumwe munhu." Izvi zvinoreva kuti kurapwa kunoshandisa masero anobva kumupi ane hutano uye anoenderana, kwete ako.
Fungidzira kuti mapfupa edu akaita semunda wakaorera une ivhu rakanaka. Mumunda uyu ndipo panokura masero edu eropa. Asi muchirwere chakaita seleukemia, munda uyu unoora, uye masora (masero ekenza) anokura panzvimbo pezvirimwa zvakanaka. Saka, mukurapa uku, ivhu rakaora (mapfupa ane chirwere) rinobviswa zvachose rotsiviwa nevhu idzva, rine hutano, rakaorera (masero emuviri wemupi). Zvadaro, masero eropa ane hutano anotanga kukura muvhu idzva iroro.
Kurapa uku kune simba guru rinogona kurapa zvirwere zvakakomba zvachose. Vanachiremba vanowanzo tora mushonga uyu kana mamwe marapirwo akundikana kana chirwere chacho chikadzoka.
Kurapa uku kunoshandiswa pamhando dzipi dzezvirwere?
Inowanzo shandiswa pazvirwere zvine chekuita neropa uye masoja emuviri. Heano mamwe ezvirwere zvikuru.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (YOSE) | Lymphocytes, rudzi rwemasero machena eropa anowanikwa muropa nemumongo wemapfupa, anova masero ekenza. |
| Chirwere cheAcute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | Kenza yemasero eropa anokura kubva mumasero emasero e myeloid. |
| Kupererwa neropa muropa | Kukuvadzwa kwemupfupa kunotadzisa muviri kugadzira masero matsva eropa akakwana. |
| Lymphoma | Kenza inowanikwa mu lymphatic system. |
| Chirwere cheMyelodysplastic | Kugadzirwa kwemasero eropa asina njodzi mumwongo wemapfupa. |
| Chirwere cheSickle Cell | Chirwere chinogara nhaka umo chimiro chemasero matsvuku eropa chinochinja uye mashandiro awo anokanganiswa. |
Unogadzirira sei kurapwa?
Nekuti iyi inyaya huru yekurapa, timu yezvekurapa ichaita bvunzo dzinoverengeka nguva isati yasvika kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti muviri wako unogona kuitsungirira.
- Kuongororwa kweropa: Zvinhu zvakaita sekuverengwa kweropa kwakazara (CBC) zvinoitwa kuti zvionekwe huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet.
- Kuongororwa kwemoyo: Echocardiogram (kuona kuti moyo uri kushanda zvakanaka sei) uye electrocardiogram (EKG) kuona mutinhimira wemoyo.
- Kuongororwa kunoitwa kuti kuonekwe mashandiro echiropa neitsvo .
- Kuongororwa kweBone Marrow Biopsy: Kana uine kenza, sampuli diki yebone marrow inotorwa yoongororwa kuti ione rudzi rwechirwere uye njodzi yekudzokerazve kwacho.
Kana bvunzo idzi dzese dzaitwa uye zvaonekwa kuti uri munhu akanaka, chikamu chakakosha chekurapa, chinonzi "pre-transplant conditioning," chinotanga. Izvi zvinosanganisira chemotherapy yakawanda kana radiation therapy kumuviri wese. Iyi inogona kuva nguva yakaoma. Asi inokosha.
Sei kurapwa uku kusati kwatanga kuchikosha?
- Inoparadza masero ese ekenza asara mumuviri wako.
- Inobvisa masero ekare, ane chirwere kubva mumongo wako wemapfupa uye inoita kuti masero matsva akure.
- Zvinoita kuti masoja emuviri wako asashande zvakanaka kwenguva pfupi. Izvi zvinoitirwa kudzivirira muviri wako kurwisa uye kuramba masero matsva anopiwa.
Uchafanira kugara muchipatara kwevhiki imwe kana mbiri kuti urapwe.
Chii chinoitika pazuva rekuisirwa masero?
Maitiro ekuisa masero ari nyore uye haarwadzi , sekunge kupa ropa.
Chikwata chevanachiremba chichaisa chubhu yakakosha mutsinga huru iri pamusoro pechipfuva chako. Izvi zvinonzi Central Venous Catheter (CVC) . Bhegi rine masero emuviri ane hutano kubva kumupi rinobatanidzwa nechubhu iyi. Masero acho anozopinzwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumuviri wako, kuburikidza neropa rako, uye mumongo wako wemapfupa, semvura inonyungudutswa.
Maitiro aya anotora maminetsi angangoita makumi matatu kusvika paawa imwe chete. Munguva iyi, timu yezvekurapa ichagara padivi pako ichitarisa BP yako nekurova kwemoyo. Dzimwe nguva, migumisiro midiki inogona kuitika.
- Kunzwa kutonhora
- Kuomerwa zvishoma kufema
- Fivha
Asi izvi hazviwanzo kuva zvakakomba.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekurapwa?
Nguva inonyanya kukosha yekupora inotanga mushure mekuisirwa stem cell. Uchafanira kugara muchipatara kana pedyo nacho kwemavhiki mashoma.
- Kudzora immune system: Ucharamba uchipihwa mishonga inodzvinyirira immune system kudzivirira muviri wako kurwisa masero matsva uye kudzivirira masero matsva kurwisa muviri wako.
- Kuwedzerwa ropa: Zvinotora nguva kuti masero matsva emuviri atange kushanda uye kugadzira masero matsvuku nemaplatelet matsva. Munguva iyoyo, ungangoda kuwedzerwa ropa.
- Dziviriro kubva kuzvirwere: Masoja emuviri wako anenge asina simba panguva iyi, saka kunyanya kutarisirwa kuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvemabhakitiriya nemavhairasi.
Maitiro ekufamba kwemasero matsva kuenda kumongo wemapfupa, ogara ipapo, uye otanga kugadzira masero matsva eropa anonzi "engraftment." Izvi zvinogona kutora mazuva angangoita gumi kusvika gumi nemana.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore zvizere?
Iyi inzira yakareba. Zvinogona kutora makore maviri kana kupfuura kuti muviri wako upore zvizere. Zvinogona kutora gore kuti masoja emuviri wako adzoke.
Njodzi yakakosha yekuziva nezvayo: Graft vs. Hosha Inobva kuMuridzi (GVHD)
Iri ndiro dambudziko rinowanzoitika kana munhu achiisa allogeneic transplant. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvinoitika kana masero matsva ekudzivirira muviri anobva kune anopa (graft) achirwisa masero nematishu emuviri wako (host) . Zvakafanana ne "muenzi achirwisa host."
Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zvishoma kana zvakanyanya. Ndosaka mishonga inodzvinyirira masoja emuviri ichipiwa nguva dzose. Unofanira kungwarira zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi.
Zviratidzo zvinofanira kuudzwa chiremba wako nekukasika
Paunodzokera kumba mushure mekurapwa, unofanira kungwarira zvakanyanya nezvezvimwe zviratidzo. Kana chimwe cheizvi chikaonekwa, fonera timu yako yezvekurapa nekukasika.
| Chikamu chezviratidzo | Zvinhu zvekutarisa |
|---|---|
| Zviratidzo zveGraft vs. Host Disease (GVHD) zvinogona kusanganisira: | |
| Dumbu | Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, kuda kurutsa uye kurutsa, manyoka (kuzvimba) |
| Ganda nemaziso | Mapundu eganda anokwenya, kutsvuka kweganda uye/kana maziso (jaundice) |
| Zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvehutachiona | |
| Hunhu hwakawanda | Fivha inosvika 38 Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) kana kupfuura, kutonhora |
| Sisitimu yekufema | Kukosora, kuhotsira, mhino inoyerera, kunetseka kufema |
| Zvimwe zvinhu | Dzungu, kuita weti kakawanda, kana kupisa paunenge uchiita weti |
Musiyano uripo pakati pe "allogeneic" ne "autologous" transplants
Ungave wakambonzwawo nezvekuisirwa kwemasero emuviri (autologous stem cell). Musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi ndiko kwakabva masero.
- Allogeneic: Masero anowanikwa kubva kune mumwe munhu (mupi).
- Autologous: Masero anotorwa kubva kumurwere . Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero emuviri ane hutano anotanga atorwa uye ozodzoserwa kwaari mushure mekupiwa chemotherapy yakawanda.
Kuisirwa allogeneic kunogona kurapa zvirwere zvinouraya. Kazhinji, kuisirwa uku kunoponesa hupenyu kunoitwa nevanopa rubatsiro vasingazivikanwe vatisati tamboona. Dzimwe nguva, nhengo dzemhuri dzinova vanopa rubatsiro. Kunyange zvazvo paine njodzi dzekurapa uku, mabhenefiti acho akakwirawo. Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira zvese izvi uye achakubatsira kuita sarudzo yakakunakira.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuisirwa masero emuviri anokonzerwa ne allogeneic stem cell kutsiva masero emapfupa ane chirwere nemasero emuviri anobva kune mumwe munhu ane hutano.
- Uyu mushonga une simba unoshandiswa pakurapa zvirwere zvakakomba zveropa zvakaita seleukemia, lymphoma, uye aplastic anemia.
- Zvakakosha kugadzirira muviri ne chemotherapy yakawanda kana radiation therapy usati warapwa.
- Dambudziko guru rinogona kuitika mushure mekurapwa iGraft vs. Host Disease (GVHD), uye zvakakosha kugara uchiziva izvi nezviratidzo zvehutachiona.
- Iyi inzira yakareba yekuporesa, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kuzivisa chiremba wako kana timu yezvekurapa nekukurumidza kana paine dambudziko.
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