Pamwe wakambozviona mumafirimu, handiti? Kana moyo wemunhu ukangoerekana wamira, vanachiremba vanomhanyira kupinda, vanoisa mudziyo wakaita sesimbi muchipfuva chavo, vodanidzira kuti 'Clear!' vobva vamuvhundutsa. Ipapo munhu wacho anotanga kudedera otanga kufema zvakare. Chii chaizvo ichocho? Zvinoponesa sei hupenyu? Ndiwo mushonga unoponesa hupenyu, defibrillation, ndizvo zvatiri kutaura nezvazvo nhasi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi defibrillation?
Kuchinja-chinja kwesimba remoyo (defibrillation) inzira yekupa moyo kurohwa nemagetsi (electric shock) kuti udzorere rhythm yakajairika, kana kuti arrhythmia, kana paine dambudziko remoyo rine njodzi uye rinotyisidzira hupenyu. Zvakafanana nekutangidza komputa kana yave 'kurembera'. Kana hurongwa hwemagetsi hwemoyo hwakanganiswa uye moyo watanga kudedera, kurohwa nemagetsi uku kunomisa kurohwa kwechinguvana uye kunopa moyo mukana wekuti utangezve rhythm yaro yakajairika.
Kurapa uku kunonyanya kukosha muzvirwere zviviri zvine njodzi:
- Kurwadziwa Kwemwoyo Nepfungwa - Kusashanda Kwemwoyo: Apa ndipo apo makamuri epasi emwoyo (ventricles) anorova nekukurumidza, asi nekukurumidza zvekuti mwoyo hauchina nguva yekupomba ropa mumuviri.
- Kupera kweropa mutsinga dzeropa: Ichi ndicho chikonzero chinowanzo kukonzera kugadzikana kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe . Apa ndipo apo tsandanyama dzemwoyo dzinomira kurova zvakanaka dzotanga kudedera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, moyo haupombi ropa.
Mumamiriro ese ari maviri aya, kurapwa nekukurumidza kwe defibrillation kunoitwa, mikana yekuponesa hupenyu hwemurwere inowedzera.
Ndiani anoda kurapwa uku?
Chero ani zvake ane matambudziko emwoyo ataurwa pamusoro apa angada kurapwa uku. Muchipatara, izvi zvinoitwa nechikwata chekurapa. Zvisinei, kunyangwe kunze kwechipatara, kunyange munhu wenguva dzose anogona kuwana kurapwa uku kunoponesa hupenyu achishandisa mudziyo unonzi Automated External Defibrillator (AED), unowanikwa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzakadai senhandare dzendege nezvitoro zvikuru. Mudziyo wacho pachawo unopa mirairo.
Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekuve nemoyo une njodzi iyi. Vanhu vakadaro vanofanira kugara vaine mudziyo wekudzikisa tsinga dzemwoyo nguva dzese.
Zvishandiso zveDefibrillator zveMunhu
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeizvi:
1. Cardioverter Defibrillator Inopfekwa: Ichi chishandiso chinopfekwa pasi pezvipfeko, sejesti. Ma sensors pano anobata ganda uye anogara achitarisa rhythm yemoyo. Kana paine njodzi ikaonekwa, shock yemagetsi inodiwa inoburitswa panguva iyoyo.
2.Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Ichi chishandiso chidiki chinoiswa pasi peganda rechipfuva nekuvhiyiwa. Chinogara chichitarisa rhythm yemoyo uye, kana paine njodzi, chinoita kuti mwoyo udzoke zvakanaka. Vanhu vazhinji vanosanganisa izvi nepacemaker. Pacemaker inongodzora kurova kwemoyo chete. Asi ICD, pamusoro pekudzora kurova kwemoyo, inogonawo kumisa rhythm inotyisidzira hupenyu.
Kurapa kwe defibrillation kunoitwa sei?
Ngatitarisei matanho anobatanidzwa kana paine emergency. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa muEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara kana Intensive Care Unit.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kusvika mudziyo we defibrillator wagadzirira, murwere anofanira kupihwa CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , kureva, kudzvanywa kwechipfuva uye kufema kwekugadzira.
Panguva yekurapwa, munhu ari kubatwa nemagetsi anoshevedzera achiti "Bvisa!" uye anonyevera murwere kuti asabata murwere kana mubhedha waari pauri. Kuita izvi kunogona kukonzera kuti arohwe nemagetsi.
| Matanho | Chii chiri kuitika? |
|---|---|
| 1. Kubatanidza mapedhi | Mapedhi maviri anonamira akabatana ne defibrillator anoiswa pachipfuva chemurwere panzvimbo dzakakodzera. Rimwe rinoiswa pasi pefudzi rekurudyi uye rimwe pasi pezasi rekuruboshwe. |
| 2. Kuongorora mutinhimira | Muchina uyu unoongorora mutinhimira wemagetsi wemoyo uye unoona kana paine mutinhimira une njodzi unoda kuvhunduka. |
| 3. Kuvhundutsa nemagetsi | Chiremba kana munhu akadzidziswa, mushure mekunyevera munhu wese kuti amire kumashure ("Bvisa!"), anodzvanya bhatani riri pamudziyo uye anorova nemagetsi. |
| 4. Mushure mekurapwa | Mushure mekunge shock yaitwa, CPR inodzokororwazve kwemaminitsi maviri. Zvadaro kurova kwemoyo uye kumhanya kwemoyo zvinoongororwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, mamwe mashock nemishonga (semuenzaniso epinephrine, amiodarone) inopihwa. |
Chii chinoitika mushure mekurapwa? Kupora kunoitika sei?
Kunyangwe kurapwa kwe defibrillation kuchiponesa hupenyu, rwendo rwekupora runogona kuva rurefu, runogara kwemwedzi, kunyange makore . Mushure mekumira kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe uye kurapwa kwe defibrillation, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kusangana nedambudziko rekuremara.
- Kusagadzikana kwemuviri: Kutyoka mbabvu muchipfuva kunogona kuitika panguva yeCPR. Kuneta kwakanyanya uye kuoma kufamba zvinowanzoitika.
- Mamwe matambudziko: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kusangana nematambudziko ekurangarira nekutaura.
- Kudzorerwa: Izvi zvinoda kurapwa kwemuviri, kurapwa kwebasa, uye kurapwa kwekutaura.
Kana ukaona mumwe munhu achingoerekana arasikirwa nepfungwa obva adonha, fonera 1990 nekukasika wofonera amburenzi! Panguva iyi, kana uchikwanisa, ita CPR.
Vanhu vanopona Ventricular Fibrillation vane mukana mukuru wekuva nayo zvakare. Saka chiremba wako achaedza kutsvaga chikonzero chacho nekurapa, uye anowanzo kurudzira kuti uiswe ICD. Kana uine ICD, zvakakosha kuona chiremba wako kuti aongorore nguva dzose uye kunwa mishonga yako sezvakarairwa.
Pane njodzi here mune izvi?
Njodzi huru ndeyekuti kurapwa kwe defibrillation kunopihwa kune mwoyo usingade rhythm . Semuenzaniso, kana 'shock' iyi ikapihwa kune munhu ane pulse, kana kune mumwe munhu asina Ventricular Fibrillation, zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kune njodzi mumoyo une hutano uye kutungamira kumisa kwemoyo. Ndokusaka nyanzvi dzekurapa dzakadzidziswa kana zvishandiso zveAED zvakagadzirwa chete zvichishandiswa pachinangwa ichi.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuderedza tsinga dzeropa (defibrillation) inzira yekurapa inoponesa hupenyu inodzosera moyo patsva nekurova nemagetsi kana paine njodzi yemwoyo.
- Izvi zvakafanana 'nekutangazve' moyo.
- Kana mwoyo wako ukamira kushanda, zvakakosha kutanga CPR uye kuunza defibrillator nekukurumidza. Nguva ndiyo hupenyu.
- Kana mumwe munhu akangoerekana awira, fonera 1990 nekukasika.
- Kupora kubva mudambudziko iri ibasa rinotora nguva yakareba, uye mazano ekurapa, kurapwa kwekupora, uye mwoyo murefu zvakakosha zvikuru.
- Kana wakaisirwa mudziyo weICD, zvakakosha kuti ugare uchionana nachiremba wako nguva nenguva uye uchiongororwa nguva nenguva.
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