Unofanira kunge wakanzwa kuti unofanira kuchengetedza cholesterol yako kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere zvemwoyo. Asi dzimwe nguva, zvisinei nekuti unotonga sei kudya kwako uye kurovedza muviri, huwandu hwecholesterol yako hahudzike. Pamwe mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akamborwara nemoyo achiri mudiki. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nechirwere chemajini chinowanikwa mumhuri. Ndiro dambudziko ratiri kutaura nezvaro nhasi, Heterozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia, kana kuti HeFH muchidimbu. Kana chiremba akakuudza kuti une chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kuti uwane kurapwa nekukurumidza.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi HeFH?
HeFH haisi chirwere chatinowana kubva kunze , sedzihwa. Idambudziko rinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini kwatinogara nhaka kubva kuna amai kana baba vedu. Muchidimbu, kuchinja kwemajini uku kunoderedza kugona kwemuviri kubvisa cholesterol inokuvadza muropa.
Funga nezvazvo, cholesterol inofamba nemutsinga dzeropa mumuviri wedu. Kune mhando mbiri huru dzacho.
| Rudzi rweCholesterol | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol yakanaka (HDL) | Izvi zvinobatsira kutakura cholesterol yakawandisa kuenda kuchiropa uye kuibvisa mumuviri, semuchina wekuunganidza marara. |
| Cholesterol yakaipa (LDL) | Idzi ndidzo mhando dzine njodzi zvikuru. Dzinogona kuungana mumadziro etsinga dzeropa, dzichidziita diki uye dzichikonzera chirwere chemwoyo. |
Kana uri neHeFH, unogara nhaka jini kubva kune mumwe wevabereki vako iro rinokanganisa maitiro ekubvisa cholesterol yakaipa (LDL) . Kana uine jini iri, mwana wako ane mukana we50% wekuibata.
Ungave wakambonzwa nezvechimwe chirwere chine zita rakafanana naro, Homozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). Izvi zvinokonzerwa nejini rakakanganiswa rinobva kuvabereki vese. HoFH chirwere chakanyanya kuoma kupfuura HeFH, asi hachiwanzoitiki.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveizvi?
Kana ikasarapwa, HeFH inogona kukonzera kuti cholesterol yeLDL yako uye huwandu hwecholesterol yese zvikwire zvakanyanya. Iyi cholesterol yeLDL inogona kuungana pamadziro etsinga dzedu dzeropa, senge tsvina inovhara pombi, ichideredza nzira yekuti ropa riyerere. Tinodaidza izvi kuti "atherosclerosis" kana kuti "kuomesa tsinga."
Kana izvi zvikaitika, mwoyo unofanirwa kushanda nesimba kupfuura zvawagara uchiita kuti ropa ripombe mumuviri wese. Nekufamba kwenguva, moyo unogona kukuvara wotanga chirwere chemwoyo. Chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvechirwere ichi kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kunozivikanwa se angina. Kana zvikasarapwa, izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurwara kwemoyo kana sitiroko.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana murume ane HeFH akasawana kurapwa, njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere chemwoyo yakanyanya kwazvo mumakore ake ekuma40 ne50, uye kuvakadzi vane makore ekuma60.
Zviratidzo zvinoda kutarisirwa nekukurumidza
Kana uine zviratidzo zvinotevera, enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
- Zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo:
- Kubata chifuva, kuoma, kana kurwadziwa
- Kurwadziwa kwekumusoro kwemusana kana mutsipa
- Marwadzo anopararira pasi peruoko
- Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
- Kuoma kufema
- Zviratidzo zvestroke:
- Kuoma kutaura
- Kushaya simba muruoko kana gumbo
- Kudonha kwerutivi rumwe rwechiso
- Kurasikirwa nechiyero chemuviri
Zvimiro zvemuviri
Kolesteroli yakakwira dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzera zviratidzo pamusoro pemuviri.
| Hunhu | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Xanthomas | Aya mapundu eyero kana orenji anoumbwa pasi peganda. Anokonzerwa necholesterol yakawandisa. Anowanzoonekwa mumajoini emaoko, kumashure kwechitsitsinho (Achilles tendon), uye dzimwe nguva munzvimbo dzakadai semagokora nemabvi. |
| Xanthelasma | Aya mapundu eyero, ane mavanga anobuda pamaziso. Anowanzoonekwa mukati meziso. |
| Corneal Arcus | Mhete chena kana grey yakakomberedza ziso dema. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwanda kwemafuta muropa. Hazvikanganisi kuona. |
Ungaziva sei kana uine chirwere ichi?
Kune bvunzo shoma dziri nyore dzinogona kukubatsira iwe kana mwana wako kuziva kana aine HeFH. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuongororwa uye kurapwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kunyangwe vana vadiki vasiri panjodzi yechirwere chemwoyo, huwandu hwecholesterol hwakakwira hunovaisa panjodzi huru yekuva nechirwere chemwoyo mune ramangwana.
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako ane chimwe chezvinotevera, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba wotaura nezvazvo.
- Huwandu hweLDL cholesterol husingaderedzi kunyangwe paine kudya kwakaringana (kupfuura 190 mg/dL kumunhu mukuru, kupfuura 160 mg/dL kumwana ari pasi pemakore 16).
- Kuva necholesterol yakakwira mumhuri.
- Kuva nechirwere chemwoyo kana chirwere chemwoyo usati wasvitsa makore makumi matanhatu muhama dzechirume kana kuti usati wasvitsa makore makumi manomwe muhama dzechikadzi.
- Kuvapo kwemapundu eganda akadai seanonzi xanthomas.
- Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva.
Chiremba wako achaita bvunzo yemuviri kuti aone kana zviratidzo izvi zviri pachena. Pamusoro pezvo, bvunzo yeropa ichayera huwandu hwecholesterol yako. MuHeFH, huwandu hweLDL cholesterol hunowanzo kuve hwakakwira kupfuura 200 mg/dL uye huwandu hwecholesterol yese hwakakwira kupfuura 300 mg/dL.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, bvunzo yekushushikana yekutarisa mashandiro emwoyo kana bvunzo chaiyo yemajini yekutarisa shanduko dzemajini inogonawo kukurudzirwa.
Inorapwa sei?
Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa HeFH ndechekuderedza huwandu hweLDL cholesterol "yakaipa" uye kukudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvemwoyo. Izvi zvinoda musanganiswa wekuchinja mararamiro uye mishonga.
Kuchinja kwemararamiro
- Kudya kwakanaka: Dzivisa zvekudya zvine mafuta akawanda akazara uye trans (nyama yemombe, nyama yenguruve, mafuta ekokonati, zai rakasviba, mukaka usina mafuta). Pane kudaro, isa miriwo, michero, nyemba, nzungu, hove, nehuku dzisina mafuta akawanda mukudya kwako.
- Kurovedza muviri: Ita chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti mwoyo wako urove, sekufamba, kushambira, kana kuchovha bhasikoro, kwemazuva mana pasvondo kwemaminetsi makumi matatu.
- Kudzora huremu: Kana wakafuta, deredza huremu kuburikidza nekudya uye kurovedza muviri.
- Dzivisa kusvuta: Kusvuta chinhu chinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo, saka kana uine tsika iyi, rega nekukasika.
Asi yeuka, muHeFH, kuchinja mararamiro chete hakuna kukwana kudzora cholesterol. Kurapwa nemishonga kwakakosha.
Kurapa nemishonga
Chiremba wako anowanzo tanga akupa mhando yemishonga inonzi statins . Iyi inoshanda nekumisa muviri kugadzira cholesterol. Nekuti huwandu hwecholesterol hwakakwira zvakanyanya muHeFH, ungangoda kutora mishonga iyi yakawanda.
Kana mishonga ye statins chete isina kukwana kudzora huwandu hwemushonga, chiremba wako achakupa mimwe mishonga.
- PCSK9 inhibitors: Iyi mishonga inopihwa sejekiseni. Inobatsira chiropa kubvisa cholesterol yeLDL.
- Ezetimibe: Mushonga uyu unoshanda nekuderedza kupinza kwecholesterol mumuviri kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya.
Dzimwe nguva zvingava zvakakosha kushandisa mishonga miviri kana mitatu iyi pamwe chete.
Mamwe marapirwo
Kana huwandu hwecholesterol hwakanyanya kukwira zvekuti haugone kudzora nekushandisa mishonga uye kuchinja mararamiro ako, unogona kupihwa mushonga unonzi LDL apheresis . Izvi zvakafanana ne dialysis, apo ropa rako rinopfuudzwa nemuchina unosefa cholesterol yakaipa yeLDL wozoidzosera mumuviri wako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- HeFH haisi chirwere chinotapuriranwa, asi chirwere chemajini chinopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa.
- Nekuda kweizvi, njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere chemwoyo uri mudiki yakanyanya.
- Kana cholesterol yako isingaderere pasinei nekudzora kudya kwako, kana kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemwoyo, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.
- Kunyange hazvo kuchinja mararamiro kuchikosha, mishonga inokosha. Shandisa mishonga yawakanyorerwa nachiremba sezvakarayirwa.
- Kana uine HeFH, zvakakosha kuti nhengo dzemhuri yako dzepedyo (vanin'ina vako, vana) dziongororwewo.
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