Kana zvakaoma kufema, kana chipfuva chako chakaoma, kana kuti paunenge uchinzwa dzungu, vazhinji vedu tinobva tafunga nezvemushonga wekufemesa. Mudziyo mudiki uyu waunogona kubata muruoko rwako unogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako dzimwe nguva. Asi vangani vedu vanoziva chaizvo nezvemushonga uyu wekufemesa? Kune mhando ngani dziripo? Rudzi rumwe chete rwunopihwa pazvirwere zvese here? Uye chinonyanya kukosha, unoushandisa sei chaizvo? Zvakanaka, ngatitaurei nezveizvi zvese zviri nyore uye zvakajeka nhasi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi inhaler?
Muchina wekufemesa mushonga diki waunobata muruoko rwako woendesa mushonga zvakananga mumapapu ako. Unoshanda nekukurumidza nekuendesa mushonga zvakananga mumapapu ako, zvichipa zororo. Unonyanya kushandiswa kuvhura nzira dzako dzekufema dzakavharika kana kuderedza kuzvimba mumapapu ako. Muchina uyu wekufemesa wakagadzirirwa kuendesa mushonga sehupfu hwakaoma, spray inoyerwa, kana mhute yakapfava.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peinhaler nenebulizer?
Vanhu vazhinji vanovhiringika nezvinhu zviviri izvi. Zvese zvinofema nezvinofema zvinoshandiswa kupa mishonga yezvirwere zvemapapu. Asi pane musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi. Ngationei kuti chii.
| Chinhu | Muchina wekufema | Nebulizer |
|---|---|---|
| Saizi uye chimiro | Kadiki, unogona kutoitakura muhomwe yako. (Kakabatirwa neruoko) | Yakakura uye inowanzo shandiswa patafura. |
| Simba | Hapana magetsi kana mabhatiri anodiwa. | Inofanira kubatanidzwa nemagetsi, zvikasadaro inoshanda nemabhatiri. |
| Nzira yekutonga | Mushonga uyu unotorwa kamwe chete. | Utsi hunofemerwa ne mask kana mouthpiece kwemaminitsi akati wandei. |
| Zviri nyore kushandisa | Zviri nyore kushandisa kana uri parwendo kana kuti panguva yekukurumidzira. | Yakakodzera kushandiswa kumba nemuzvipatara. Yakakodzera zvikuru kupa mushonga kuvana vadiki nevaya vane zvirwere zvakakomba. |
Ndiani anoda inhaler?
Mafefetera anowanzo shandiswa nevanhu vane zvirwere zvemapapu zvenguva refu zvakaita seasthma neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder) . Vanhu ava vanonyanya kupihwa mhando mbiri dzemafefetera.
1. MaInhalers Ezuva Nezuva/Anodzivirira: Aya anoshandiswa zuva nezuva kudzora zviratidzo uye kudzivirira kuputika.
2. MaInhalers Anoshanda Nekukurumidza/Anonunura: Aya anoshandiswa kupa zororo nekukurumidza panguva yekurwiswa neasthma kana kana COPD yatanga uye kufema kwava kuoma. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti "rescue inhaler."
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti unofanira kushandisa mushonga wekufemesa wawakanyorerwa nachiremba chete. Usamboshandisa mushonga wekufemesa wemumwe munhu.
Kunyangwe kune munhu asina asthma, chiremba dzimwe nguva anogona kunyora mushonga wekufema kwenguva pfupi wezvirwere zvekufema zvakaita sebronchitis.
Mhando huru dzemainhaler nemishonga yadzinayo
Midziyo yekufema inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando nhatu huru. Uye mhando dzemishonga yavanopa dzinosiyanawo. Ngatinyatsoongorora izvi.
Mhando dzemidziyo yekufema
- Metered Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Idzi ndidzo dzatinowanzodaidza kuti "puffers". Mushonga wacho unenge uri mugaba kana wamanikidzwa. Patinoudzvanya, mushonga wacho unoburitswa nekukurumidza sespray. Panguva iyoyo, tinofanira kufema zvakanaka.
- MaInhalers eDry Powder (DPIs): Aya ane mushonga uri muchimiro cheupfu. Mushonga hauburitswe. Kana tikafema nekukurumidza uye zvakadzama,Aya ndiwo mashandisirwo anoitwa hupfu uhu kumapapu. Hunouya muchimiro chakasiyana, senge chubhu kana dhisiki rakatenderera (semuenzaniso Diskus®, HandiHaler®).
- Zvinofema Zvinyoro-nyoro: Izvi zvinoshandura mushonga wemvura kuita mhute yakatsetseka. Mhute iyi inofamba zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura spray inobva kuMDIs, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kufema.
Mhando huru dzemishonga dziri muinhaler
Zvinoitika kumushonga wekufema zvinoenderana nemushonga uri mukati mawo. Ngatinzwisisei mhando dzemishonga iyi kubva patafura iri pazasi.
| Rudzi rwemushonga | Mashandiro uye kushandiswa | Mienzaniso |
|---|---|---|
| Mishonga yekubvisa bronchodilator inoshanda kwenguva pfupi (SABA/SAMA) | Izvi zvinonziwo "Rescue Inhalers." Zvinokurumidza kuzorodza tsandanyama dzenzira dzekufema uye zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kufema. Zvinoshandiswa kana uine chirwere cheasthma uye uchinetseka kufema. Zvinoshanda kwemaawa angangoita 4-6. | Salbutamol (Ventolin®), Levalbuterol (Xopenex®), Ipratropium (Atrovent®) |
| Mishonga yeBronchodilator inoshanda kwenguva refu (LABA/LAMA) | Izvi zvinoshandiswa zuva nezuva kudzora zviratidzo. Zvinobatsira kuchengetedza nzira dzekufema dzakavhurika kwemaawa 12-24. Hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa nekukurumidza. | Salmeterol (Serevent®), Tiotropium (Spiriva®), Formoterol (Foradil®) |
| Mishonga Inofema yeCorticosteroids (ICS) | Izvi zvinoderedza kuzvimba uye kuzvimba munzira dzekufema. Zvinoshandiswa zuva nezuva kudzivirira kurwiswa neasthma. Izvi zvinonzi "Preventer Inhalers". | Budesonide (Pulmicort®), Fluticasone (Flovent®), Beclomethasone (Qvar®) |
| Mishonga Yakasanganiswa | Iyi mishonga miviri kana mitatu iri pamusoro apa inosanganiswa. Semuenzaniso, kune mishonga yakawanda inofema inosanganisa LABA neICS. | Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair®), Budesonide/Formoterol (Symbicort®), Fluticasone/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol (Trelegy®) |
Nzira chaiyo yekushandisa inhaler
Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Kuti uwane zvakawanda kubva muinhaler yako, unofanirwa kuishandisa nemazvo . Kana ukaishandisa zvisirizvo, mushonga unogara mumuromo mako nepahuro pachinzvimbo chekusvika kumapapu ako. Mashandisiro aunoita mhando yega yega yeinhaler akasiyana zvishoma.
Gara uchibvunza chiremba wako kana nesi kuti ungashandisa sei mushonga wekufema wavakakupa, uye gara uchijaira.
Heano mamwe matanho anowanzo teverwa.
Mashandisirwo eMDI (puffer):
1. Kutanga, bvisa chivharo kubva pamuromo.
2. Zunzai chinhu chinopinza mweya zvakanaka (anenge masekondi mashanu).
3. Fema zvakadzama sezvinobvira wobvisa mweya mumapapu ako.
4. Isa muromo wemushonga wekufemesa mumuromo mako wouvhara zvakasimba nemiromo yako.
5. Zvino dzvanya chirongo chimwe nechimwe sezvaunotanga kufema zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakadzama .
6. Ramba uchifemera zvishoma nezvishoma uye kana wapedza, bvisa chinhu chinofemera mumuromo mako.
7. Bata mweya wako kwemasekonzi gumi . Izvi zvinopa mushonga nguva yekusvika kumapapu ako.
8. Wobva waburitsa mweya zvakanaka.
9. Kana chiremba akakuudza kuti ufutezve, mirira kweminiti imwe chete wozozviita zvakare.
Kushandisa spacer: Vamwe vanhu, kunyanya vana vadiki, vanonetseka nenguva yekufemera kwavo. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mudziyo unonzi spacer tube unogona kushandiswa. Inhaler yakabatana neizvi, mushonga unopinzwa mu spacer, uye murwere anogona kufema zvishoma nezvishoma kuburikidza nayo. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwemushonga unoraswa.
Mashandisirwo eDPI (mushonga wekufema weupfu):
Izvi zvakasiyana neMDIs.
1. Isa mushonga wemushonga zvichienderana nemirayiridzo yemuchina wekufemesa (mimwe inoda kuti utenderedze muchina wekucheka, mimwe inoda kuti udzvanye).
2. Bvisa musoro wako kure nechinhu chinofema mweya wofema zvakawanda sezvinobvira. Usambofemera mweya wacho muchinhu chinofema mweya.Kana ukadaro, upfu hunogona kunyorova uye kunamatira.
3. Isa muromo mumuromo mako wouvhara zvakasimba nemiromo yako.
4. Fema nekukurumidza uye zvakadzama , sekunge uri kushandisa muchina wekuchenesa.
5. Bvisa chinhu chinofema mweya mumuromo mako wobata mweya wako kwemasekondi gumi .
6. Wobva waburitsa mweya zvishoma nezvishoma.
Zvakakosha: Kana uchishandisa mushonga wekufema une corticosteroid (semuenzaniso ICS), sukurudza muromo wako nemvura zvakanaka mushure mekushandisa kwega kwega wosvipa . Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukura kwehutachiona hwefungus (thrush) mumuromo nemuhuro.
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Kana muine mibvunzo nezvemushonga wenyu wekufema, taurai nachiremba wenyu. Zvakakosha kutsvaga mazano echiremba, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai.
- Kana zvichikuomera kushandisa mushonga wekufemesa wawakapihwa.
- Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikasadzorwa kunyangwe uchishandisa mushonga.
- Kana ukamuka husiku nekuda kwechikosoro.
- Kana uchida kushandisa mushonga wako wekudzivirira chirwere kanopfuura kaviri pasvondo, izvi zvinogona kureva kuti chirwere chako hachina kudzorwa zvakanaka.
Panguva dzakadai, chiremba wako anogona kuchinja huwandu hwemushonga wako kana kukuchinjira kune imwe mhando yeinhaler.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Muchina wekufemesa mushonga unonyanya kukosha unoendesa mishonga zvakananga kumapapu ezvirwere zvekufema zvakaita seasthma neCOPD.
- Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemainhaler (MDI, DPI), uye nzira dzekuashandisa dzakasiyana.
- Kuti uwane pundutso yakakwana kubva muinhaler yako, zvakakosha kudzidza kuishandisa nemazvo . Kana usina chokwadi, bvunza chiremba wako nguva dzose.
- Mushure mekushandisa mushonga we steroid (ICS) inhaler, kusukurudza muromo wako zvakanaka kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona hwefungus mumuromo.
- Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikasadzorwa kana kuti uchifanira kushandisa mushonga wako wekudzivirira chirwere nguva nenguva, ona chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Haufanire kushandisa mushonga wemumwe munhu kana kugovera mushonga wako wekufema nevamwe.
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