Mwana wako anoita seari kuvhiringidzika here paunotaura? Ngatitaurei nezve Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD)!

Mwana wako mudiki haasi kuteerera zvakanaka here paunotaura? Kana kuti unonzwa sekuti ari kuvhiringidzika nezvauri kutaura here? Dzimwe nguva panogona kunge paine musiyano mumanzwiro anoitwa nemwana mudiki. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, chirwere chinonzi Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, kana (ANSD) muchidimbu, chingave chiri chikonzero. Usazvidya mwoyo, ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore.

Chii ichi (Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder - ANSD)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, nzeve dzedu ndidzo dzinotibvumira kunzwa manzwi akatikomberedza. Zvadaro, dzinoshandura manzwi iwayo kuita mashoko anogona kunzwisiswa neuropi uye dzinoatumira kuuropi. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva mashoko aya anokanganiswa paanosvika kuuropi, kana kuti haasviki ipapo zvachose. Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, kana (ANSD).

Heano zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuitika kuvana vane chirwere ichi (ANSD):

• Zvinogona kuoma kusiyanisa ruzha rumwe kubva kune rumwe.
• Ungasanzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nemumwe munhu.
• Zvinogona kunzwa sekunge unonzwa ruzha wobva wangoerekana warurasikirwa narwo .
• Zvinoita sekuti zvaunonzwa rimwe zuva hazvisi izvo zvaunonzwa mangwana acho, zvinoreva kuti zvaunonzwa zvinochinja .

Asi kune mashoko akanaka. Kunyangwe vana vane chirwere ichi (ANSD) vanogona kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwavo hwemutauro uye kutaurirana nevamwe zvinobudirira nerubatsiro rwezvishandiso zvekurapa zvakakodzera, kurapwa, uye nzira dzekutaurirana nemaziso (kureva nzira dzekutaurirana uchishandisa zviratidzo zvinoonekwa).

Sei izvi (ANSD) zvichiitika? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera?

Chikonzero chikuru chechirwere ichi (ANSD) kukuvara kuri mutsinga yekunzwa , chikamu chenzeve yedu yemukati chinonzi cochlea (inounganidza ruzha uye inogadzira mameseji) uye uropi.

Vana vakaita seava vane mukana wekukura zvishoma (ANSD):

• Kune vacheche vanozvarwa vasati vasvika nguva yavo yekuzvarwa (vacheche vasati vasvika nguva yekuzvarwa).
• Kana paine mumwe munhu mumhuri akambova nechirwere ichi (ANSD).
• Kana jaundice yakanyanya ikakura pakuzvarwa.
• Kana pasina oxygen yakakwana mwana asati aberekwa kana kuti mushure mekuzvarwa ((oxygen shoma)) .
• Kune mimwe mishonga inogona kukuvadza zvikamu zvinonzwa zviri mukati mezeve kana tsinga yekunzwa. Kana mwana akagamuchira mishonga yakadaro .
• Kana uine zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini kana zvetsinga , zvakaita sechirwere cheCharcot Marie Tooth.
• Kana wakakuvara musoro zvakanyanya .

Unoziva sei kana uine chirwere ichi (ANSD)? Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvacho?

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kutanga chero pazera ripi zvaro. Zvisinei, vacheche vazhinji vanozvarwa vaine chirwere ichi (ANSD). Matambudziko ekunzwaZvinogona kusiyana kubva pazvishoma kusvika pazvine simba. Zvinoshamisa kuti vamwe vana vanogona kunzwa manzwi zvakanaka asi vanoomerwa nekunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa zvakajeka.

Vana ava vanogona kupasa bvunzo yekuongororwa kwekunzwa kwevacheche, asi nekufamba kwenguva ndipo pavanozoziva zvishoma nezvishoma kuti vane matambudziko ekunzwa.

Gadzirisa zvinhu izvi mugore rekutanga remwana wako.

Ona kana mwana wako achipindura zvakanaka pamatanho aya ekunzwa mugore rake rekutanga rehupenyu. Kana zvisina kudaro, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba.

• Mwana achangoberekwa : Anovhunduka here kana kuti "anorutsa" paanongoerekana anzwa ruzha rukuru?
• Pamwedzi mitatu : Mwana wako anonzwa inzwi raamai vake kana rababa vake here? Anotendeudza musoro wake nenzira iyoyo here?
• Pamwedzi mitanhatu : Mwana wako anotendeudza maziso ake kana musoro wake nenzira iyoyo here paanonzwa ruzha rutsva? Anodzokorora manzwi akadai sekuti "uh" uye "ah" here?
• Paanenge mwedzi gumi nemiviri (gore rimwe chete) : Mwana wako anoita manzwi madiki, asina zvaanoreva here (manzwi ekutaura zvisina musoro)? Mwana wako anopindura here paunotaura zita rake? Mwana wako anoedza kutevedzera mazwi here? Mwana wako anotaura mazwi mashoma here, akadai sekuti "mama" uye "bye-bye"?

Kana mwana wako akura zvishoma, tarisa kana aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi.

Mwana wako paanokura, anogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi kana aine dambudziko rekunzwa:

• Kutaura kushoma, hakunyatsojeka, kana kuti hakutauriki zvachose .
• Unonzwa sekuti hausi kuteererwa here kana kuti hausi kutevedzera mirairo ?
• Haupinduri here kana uchitaura newe nguva dzose, kana kuti unopa mhinduro dzisina basa ?
• Unokurumidza kukanganiswa here kana paine ruzha rwakawanda rwakakupoteredza?
• Unoda kuwedzera ruzha rweTV zvakanyanya here ?
• Une dambudziko rekudzidza here?

Kana muine kusava nechokwadi nezvemwana wenyu nezvenyaya yakadai, munofanira kutaura nachiremba. Ndicho chinhu chakanakisisa chekuita.

Unoziva sei kana uine chirwere che (ANSD)?

Nyanzvi yezvekunzwa ndiye ega munhu anogona kuongorora ANSD nemazvo. Ndiye anoita bvunzo dzakakosha uye anobatsira vanhu vane matambudziko ekunzwa. Kune bvunzo huru dzakawanda dzinogona kubatsira kuongorora ANSD:

Miedzo iyi chii?

• Kuongororwa kweOtoacoustic emission (OAE) : Izvi zvinoedza kuti chikamu chenzeve yemukati chinonzi cochlea chiri kushanda zvakanaka sei. Izvi zvinoitwa mwana akarara kana akagara akanyarara. Maearphone madiki anoiswa munzeve uye ruzha runyoro, senge ruzha rwekudzvanya, runobuda. Zvadaro, mhinduro kubva munzeve yemukati inoyerwa nema sticker madiki anonzi ma electrodes.
• Bvunzo remhinduro yeuropi (ABR): Izvi zvinoongorora kuti ruzha rwunobva mukati mezeve rwunofamba zvakanaka uye zvakajeka sei netsinga yekunzwa kuenda kuuropi, iyo iri pasi peuropi. Kana ruzivo rwusiri kuenda kuuropi zvakajeka, bvunzo iyi icharatidza izvozvo. Kazhinji, kana bvunzo (OAE) iri yakajairika, uye bvunzo (ABR) isina mhinduro yakawanda kana kuti isina, zvinofungidzirwa kuti pane mukana mukuru we (ANSD).
• Bvunzo repakati kwenzeve reflex (MEMR) : Pane tsandanyama diki mukati mezeve yedu inosimba yoga patinonzwa ruzha rukuru. Ndosaka ichinzi (MEMR). Mubvunzo uyu, muromo mudiki werabha unoiswa munzeve uye ruzha rukuru runotumirwa. Muchina unoshandiswa kuona kuti tsandanyama iyi inopindura sei ruzha. Pamwana ane (ANSD), izvi hazviitiki kune ruzha rukuru, kana kuti zvinoda ruzha rukuru kupfuura munhuwo zvake kuti uwane mhinduro.

Zvirongwa zvekuongorora kunzwa kwevacheche zvinogona kushandisa nzira dziri nyore dzebvunzo idzi (OAE) ne (ABR). Zvisinei, kuti zviongororwe nemazvo (ANSD), bvunzo idzi dzinofanira kuitwa zvizere.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zviedzo zvingadiwa?

Mushure mekuonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi (ANSD), mwana angangoda kuongororwa mimwe miedzo yakati wandei:

• Kuongororwa kweMRI : Kuona kana paine dambudziko mukati mezeve uye kana paine tsinga dzekunzwa munzeve dzese dziri mbiri.
• Kuongororwa kwemajini : Kuti uone kana chirwere ichi (ANSD) chiri chikamu chechirwere chemajini.
• Kuongororwa kwetsinga : Tarisa zvimwe zvinetso zvetsinga.
• Kuongororwa kwemaziso : Matambudziko ekunzwa nematambudziko ekuona zvinowanzoenderana. Saka, zvakakosha kuona chiremba wemaziso kana mwana ane ANSD akaonekwa kuti ane chirwere ichi.

Chirwere ichi (ANSD) chinorapwa sei?

Vana vane ANSD vanorapwa nechikwata chenyanzvi . Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyanzvi yekunzwa (nyanzvi yekunzwa), nyanzvi yenzeve, mhino nepahuro (chiremba weENT), nyanzvi yekutaura nemutauro (nyanzvi yekutaura nemutauro), uye nyanzvi yedzidzo vanoshanda pamwe chete kugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakanakisa.

Kurapwa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira zera remwana, kuti ndeipi tsinga yekunzwa isiri kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuti dambudziko rekunzwa rakakura sei.

Kazhinji, vana ava vanobatsirwa zvikuru nekushandisa michina yekubatsira pakuteerera. Pamwe chete nemidziyo iyi, kuramba vachirapa mutauro wekutaura kuti vana vagone kutaura nekuteerera ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuwana mhedzisiro .

Ndezvipi zvishandiso izvi zvinobatsira?

• Masisitimu ekuchinja mafrequency (FM): Iyi sisitimu (FM) inoderedza ruzha rusingadiwe rwakakupoteredza uye inoita kuti inzwi remutauri (semuenzaniso, remudzidzisi) rinzwike zvakajeka uye zvine ruzha. Mutauri anopfeka maikorofoni diki uye (transmitter). Iyi (transmitter) inotumira chiratidzo chemagetsi ku (receiver) iyo mwana anopfeka munzeve dzake kana kuti yakabatana zvakananga ne (hearing aid). Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru mumakirasi nedzimwe nzvimbo dzine ruzha nekuti zvinogona kutakurwa.
• Rubatsiro rwekunzwa : Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuwedzera ruzha runosvika munzeve. Vamwe vana vane ANSD vanogona kubatsirwa nezvinobatsira kunzwa, kunyanya kana zvichishandiswa pamwe chete neFM system yambotaurwa. Zvisinei, zvibatsiro zvekunzwa chete hazvibatsiri vana vane ANSD , sezvo zvichingowedzera ruzha rwatove rwusina kugadzikana.
• Kuisirwa kweCochlear : Kune vamwe vana vane ANSD, kunyanya avo vasingawani rubatsiro rwakakwana kubva kuzvinhu zvinobatsira kunzwa, kuisirwa kwecochlear isarudzo yakanaka. Ichi chishandiso chinoisirwa munzeve nekuvhiyiwa . Chinodarika zvikamu zvenzeve zvisiri kushanda zvakanaka uye chinosimudzira zvakananga tsinga dzekunzwa. Nekudzidziswa kwakanaka uye kurapwa kuri kuenderera mberi, vana vane kuisirwa kwecochlear vanogona kudzidza kunzwa zvakanaka uye kutaura zvakajeka.

Chii chimwe chaunoda kuziva?

Pamusoro pekushandisa zvinhu zvinobatsira kunzwa, vana vane ANSD vanogonawo kudzidza hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana nemaziso, idzo dziri nzira dzekutaurirana vachishandisa zvavanoona nemaziso avo.

Ndedzipi nzira idzi dzekutaurirana nemaziso?

• Mutauro Wemasaini : Uyu mutauro wakasiyana. Une girama rawo, mazwi, uye mapatani emitsara. Wakagadzirirwa kushandiswa panzvimbo pemutauro unotaurwa.
• Kutaura Kwakarongwa : Izvi zvinosanganisira mutauri achibata muromo nemaoko. Kubata maoko uku kunobatsira muteereri kusiyanisa mavara akafanana (semuenzaniso, 'ব' na 'প', kana 'ম' na 'ব'). Kutaura Kwakarongwa kunogona kushandiswa mumutauro chero upi zvawo, uye kunobatsira zvikuru mhuri dzine mitauro miviri.
• Kusaina Chirungu Chaicho (ONA) : Iyi ihurongwa hwemutauro wemasaini hunoshandisa Chirungu chimwe chete chinotaurwa nenzira imwe chete, shoko neshoko. Hunewo zvikamu zvemutauro wemasaini, asi chimiro chemitsara negirama zvakatorwa kubva kuChirungu.

Cued Speech naSEE zvese zvinoshandura zvinotaurwa zvakananga. Zvese zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamwe chete nemutauro unotaurwa kuti zvikubatsire kunzwisisa zvinhu zvisingagoneke nekuverenga miromo chete.

Vabereki vane basa rakakosha zvikuru mukudzidzisa vana vavo vane ANSD kutaurirana nekutaura nevamwe. Mhedzisiro yakanaka inogona kuwanikwa nekushanda pamwe chete nechikwata chevanachiremba.

Unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nerutsigiro pamawebhusaiti akadai seaya:

• CDC: Kurasikirwa Nekunzwa Uye Mwana Wako (webhusaiti yeUS Centers for Disease Control)
• Maoko neManzwi (network yevabereki nenyanzvi)

Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvaunofanira kuyeuka (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, ngatikuyeuchidzei zvimwe zvezvinhu zvatataura nezvazvo zvaunofanira kurangarira.

• Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) chirwere chinokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwemashoko kubva munzeve kuenda kuuropi kana kuti kusafamba zvakanaka.
• Zvakakosha kuziva izvi nekukurumidza . Kana uchifungidzira kuti mwana wako ane shanduko kana kunonoka kwekunzwa, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.
• Dambudziko iri rinogona kuongororwa nemazvo chete kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwakakosha kwakadai se (OAE) uye (ABR).
• Musazvidya moyo, zvishandiso zvakaita se (FM) systems, (hearing aids), (cochlear implants), speech therapy, uye nzira dzekutaurirana nemaziso zvinogona kuvandudza kugona kwemwana wenyu kutaura .
• Sevabereki, kufarira kwenyu, kuzvipira kwenyu, uye kushanda pamwe chete nechikwata chevanachiremba ndizvo zvinosimbisa mwana wenyu zvikuru .

Yeukai kuti mwana wese akasiyana, saka zvakakosha kuwana rubatsiro rwakakodzera mwana wenyu.

Matambudziko Enzeve Dzekunzwa, ANSD, Matambudziko Ekunzwa, Hutano Hwevana, Kuongororwa Kwekunzwa, Cochlear Implants, Kurapa Kwekutaura