Yintoni Ukufa Kobuchopho? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha weva ngomntu "ofileyo engqondweni" okanye "ofileyo engqondweni"? Mhlawumbi xa into efana nale yenzeke kumhlobo wakho, usenokuba wacinga, "Usaphefumla kumatshini, angafa njani?" Le yimeko enzima kakhulu kwaye ibuhlungu kakhulu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokufa kwengqondo, okanye `(Ukufa kobuchopho)`, ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye ukufa kwengqondo?

Ngamafutshane, ukufa kwengqondo kuxa ingqondo yakho iyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthathwa njengokufa ngokwezonyango nasemthethweni. Ingqondo yethu sisitho esimangalisayo. Singacinga ngayo njengenamacandelo amabini. Enye yi -brainstem, okanye "iBrainstem". Oku kukulawula imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yobomi, njengokuphefumla nokubetha kwentliziyo. Enye yinxalenye ephezulu yengqondo. Oku kukulawula izivamvo zethu zokubona, zokuva, zokuchukumisa, zokucinga, zokuhamba, nezokuthetha.

Ngoko ke, xa ingqondo ifa, isifo okanye ingozi enzulu ibangela umonakalo ongenakuphikiswa kuyo yonke ingqondo (kuquka nesiqu sobuchopho). Emva koko, yonke le misebenzi ibalulekileyo elawulwa yingqondo iyayeka.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba oogqirha benze isigqibo esicokisekileyo malunga nokufa kwengqondo, ngokusekelwe kwiindlela zonyango ezamkelekileyo. Oku bakwenza kuphela emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zizathu zimbi, baze emva koko benze iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa imeko.

Ngaba le yinto eyenzeka kubantu abaninzi?

Hayi, ayiqhelekanga kangako. Umzekelo, uphando olwenziwe eMelika lufumanise ukuba ukufa kwengqondo kubangela malunga ne-2% yokufa ezibhedlele. Oko kuthetha ukuba yimeko engaqhelekanga.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zokufa kwengqondo?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba ingqondo ife ngenxa yomonakalo omkhulu nongenakuguqulwa engqondweni. Njengoko usazi, ingqondo yethu ifuna ukunikezelwa kwegazi kunye neoksijini rhoqo ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Ngoko ke, nakuphi na ukwenzakala okanye ukugula okumamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kunye neoksijini engqondweni kunokubangela oku. Kwakhona, ukuba imithambo yegazi engaphakathi kwengqondo yonakele kwaye yopha, inokubangela nale meko. Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:

• Ukulimala Engqondweni: Ukuba ubetheke kakhulu entloko , njengakwingozi.
• Ukopha kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi: Umthambo wegazi uqhuma ngaphakathi engqondweni.
• I-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Ukopha phakathi kwee-membranes ezijikeleze ingqondo.
• I-Ischemic Stroke: Umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye engqondweni uyavaleka, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba kwegazi.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwegazi engqondweni kuphazamisekile ngenxa yohlaselo lwentliziyo.
• Ukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni (Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury - HIBI): Ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokutshona nokufuthaniseka.
• Usulelo lwe-Intracranial: Umzekelo, usulelo lwengqondo olufana ne-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis.

Ukuba umonakalo engqondweni ngenxa yazo naziphi na ezi zizathu unzima kakhulu, unokukhokelela ekufeni kwengqondo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukufumanisa ukufa kobuchopho?

"Iindlela zonyango" ngamanyathelo ekufuneka alandelwe ngoogqirha ukuze bafumanise ukuba umntu ufile ingqondo. Kufana nemithetho ethile. Awunakumjonga nje umntu uthi, "Owu, lo mntu ufile ingqondo." Ngaphambi koko, oogqirha kufuneka benze ezi zinto:

• Sifumana unobangela oyintloko womonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho size siwunyange. Sizama ukulawula imeko ngayo yonke indlela esinokuyenza.
• Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zizathu zimbi ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kangaka engqondweni. Umzekelo, amayeza athile, okanye iimeko ezifana ne-hypothermia, nazo zinokubangela umonakalo engqondweni. Ngoko ke ezo zinto azifanelekanga kuqala.
• Kwakhona kuyaqinisekiswa ukuba azikho ezinye iimeko ezibonisa iimpawu ezifana nezo zokufa kwengqondo.

Kuphela xa konke oku kwenziwe kwaye kuqatshelwe ukuba akukho ezinye iindlela apho banokuthi basebenzise iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukufa kobuchopho.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kuchongwe ukuba kukho ukufa kwengqondo?

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngoogqirha abafumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ngokufa kwengqondo. Ukuba uvavanyo olunye alwanelanga, kufuneka uvavanyo oluphindaphindwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale meko, oogqirha ngokuqinisekileyo baya kwazisa usapho lwakho ngezi mvavanyo kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho kwangaphambili.

Uvavanyo loMzimba kunye novavanyo lweMifanekiso

Oogqirha baya kujonga imeko yesigulana ngokubanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana ne-MRI yobuchopho zinokwenziwa ukujonga imeko yobuchopho.

Uvavanyo lwe-Neurological

Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Umntu ofileyo engqondweni akasabeli kwisandi, ekukhanyeni, okanye ekuchukunyisweni njengoko wayesenza ngaphambi kokuba ingqondo yonakale. Kusenokubakho iintshukumo ezithile ezishukumisayo, kodwa ezi azizo iintshukumo zokuzithandela, kodwa ziintshukumo ezizenzekelayo. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-neurological, oogqirha bajonga:

• Ukuchukumisa umva womqala nokujonga ukuba akukho khohlo okanye i-gag reflex. Ukuba ingqondo iyasebenza, kufuneka kubekho impendulo koku.
• Cinezela iliso ngeqhekeza lekotoni uze ubone ukuba iliso liyavala, liyashukuma, okanye liyajika intloko na (ii-eye reflexes).
• Kukhanyiswa ukukhanya kwiliso kwaye kujongwa ukuba liya lincinci okanye likhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, iliso kufuneka libe lincinci xa kukhanyiswa ukukhanya.

Ukuba akukho mpendulo kuyo nayiphi na kwezi zinto, luphawu lokuba i-brainstem iyekile ukusebenza.

Uvavanyo lokuphefumla (Uvavanyo lwe-Apnea)

Umntu onomonakalo omkhulu engqondweni akanakuphefumla eyedwa. Ngenxa yoko, baqhagamshelwe kumatshini wokuphefumla, okanye "iVentilator". Kolu vavanyo lwe-apnea, oogqirha bayayeka uncedo lwale "Ventilator" okwethutyana elifutshane kakhulu baze babone ukuba isigulana siphefumla kube kanye na. Ukuba isiqu sobuchopho siyasebenza, xa inqanaba lekhabhoni diokside egazini lisanda, kufuneka sizame ukuphefumla. Ukuba akukho moya uthathwayo, oko kukwabubungqina obuqinileyo bokufa kwengqondo.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba ubuchopho bakho bufile?

Okokuqala, oogqirha bakho baza kwabelana ngeziphumo zovavanyo nosapho lwakho baze bazichaze. Baza kuchaza nokuba ukuxilongwa kokufa kwengqondo kuthetha ukufa. Oogqirha bayazi ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuva oku. Bayaqonda ukuba usapho lwakho luza kuba nemibuzo emininzi kunye neenkxalabo. Ngoko ke, baza kunika usapho lwakho ixesha lokuqonda (ulwangikkolla - ukuqonda) intsingiselo yezi ziphumo kwaye baphendule nayiphi na imibuzo.

Okulandelayo, oogqirha baza kuthetha ngamanyathelo alandelayo. Umzekelo, malunga nokususa i-ventilator ekugcina uphila. Basenokubuza amalungu osapho lwakho ukuba angathanda ukukubona aze ahlale nawe okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba i-ventilator isuswe. Eli lixesha elinobuzaza kakhulu.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuba kwi-coma nokuba nengqondo efileyo?

Le yinto edida abantu abaninzi. Ukuba kwi-coma kuthetha ukuba ungazi nto, kodwa kunokubakho impendulo ethile engqondweni. Umzekelo, xa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kubetha emehlweni, amehlo anokuvala kwaye intloko inokubuyela umva. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho umsebenzi othile engqondweni.

Nangona kunjalo, ekufeni kwengqondo, akukho mpendulo injalo yokusabela. Kwakhona, i-coma ayisoloko ihleli. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola emva kwe-coma kwiiveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ekufeni kwengqondo, ukusebenza kwengqondo kulahleka ngokupheleleyo nangokungenakuphikiswa, kwaye ingqondo ayiphinde ibuyiselwe.

Umntu okwi-coma unokuba nethemba lokuchacha, kodwa umntu ofileyo engqondweni akanalo elo themba. Nguwo lowo umahluko omkhulu.

Ngaba umntu ofile yingqondo angaphila?

Hayi. Umntu ofile ingqondo akanakuze aphile. Xa oogqirha becinga ukuba ukufa kwengqondo kungenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, balandela izikhokelo ezingqongqo zokuvavanya nokuvavanya. Ukuba uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba umntu ufile ingqondo, loo mntu uthathwa njengofileyo ngokwezonyango. Oku akuyonto inokuguqulwa.

Ngaba singakuthintela ukufa kwengqondo?

Enyanisweni, akukho ndlela yokuthintela ngokuthe ngqo ukufa kwengqondo. Kuba sisenokungakwazi ukuthintela ukugula okanye ingozi ebangela oko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sifumana unyango ngokukhawuleza emva kokugula okanye ukwenzakala okunzulu okuchaphazela ingqondo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuthintelwe ukuba ingaqhubeki iye ekufeni kwengqondo ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku akukho nyango lunokuthintela ukufa kwengqondo xa ingqondo iyeka ukusebenza.

Nangona ungenakuzithintela izinto ezibangela ukufa kwengqondo, ungacwangcisa kwangaphambili into omawuyenze ukuba uyagula, wenzakele, okanye ufe ingqondo. Ungakwenza oku ngokugcwalisa uxwebhu olusemthethweni olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Advance Directive." Olu luxwebhu oluchaza ukuba ufuna unyango olunjani ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha ngokwakho. Umzekelo, i-"Advance Directive" yakho ingachaza ukuba ungathanda ukuba amalungu akho omzimba anikelwe emva kokuba uswelekile (kuquka ukufa kwengqondo).

Kunzima ukuyiqonda le nto, akunjalo?

Ewe, ukufa kwengqondo kwahlukile kwindlela esihlala sicinga ngayo ngokufa. Uninzi lwexesha, sicinga ngokufa njengomzuzu umzimba wethu oyeka ukusebenza. Siyayeka ukuphefumla, intliziyo yethu iyayeka ukubetha, kwaye siwela umda phakathi kobomi nokufa.

Nangona kunjalo, unyango lwanamhlanje lonyango olunzima luye lwaphazamisana nalo mgca. Ngoku, ngonyango olufana nee-ventilators, ukuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo kunokugcinwa okwethutyana de kuchongwe ingxaki kwaye inyangwe. Ke ngoko, kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukwamkela ukuba umntu obonakala ephefumla kwaye enentliziyo ebethayo ufile ngokwenene.

Oogqirha abaxilonga ukufa kobuchopho bayakuqonda kakuhle oku. Bahlala bezinika ixesha lokuchaza amanyathelo okhuseleko abawathathayo ngaphambi kokuba bagqibe kwelokuba umntu ufile ubuchopho.

Izinto esifanele sizikhumbule kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze ezinye zezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo esizixubushileyo namhlanje:

• Ukufa kwengqondo kukufa ngokwenene. Kukufa okwamkelwe ngumthetho namayeza.
• Olu xilongo lwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu, ngokwendlela eyamkelekileyo. Akuqinisekiswanga ngovavanyo olunye, kodwa ngovavanyo oluninzi.
• Oku kwahluke ngokupheleleyo kwi-coma. Nangona kukho ithuba lokuchacha kwi-coma, xa ingqondo ifile akukho kubuyela umva.
• Nangona ii-ventilators zigcina eminye yemisebenzi yomzimba okwethutyana (ukuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo), ingqondo ayisebenzi kwaphela.
• Ngamaxesha anje, kunzima kakhulu kusapho ukuqonda nokwamkela le meko. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubanika uthando, ububele, nokuqonda.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi lukuncede ukuba uqonde kakuhle umxholo onzima wokufa kwengqondo.

"Ukufa kwengqondo, Ukufa kwengqondo, I-Coma, I-Ventilator, Ukulimala kwengqondo, Isiqinisekiso sokufa, Uvavanyo lwezonyango