Xa ugqirha ethetha nawe okanye nomntu osondeleyo kuwe ngotyando olukhulu olufana notyando lwe-maxillectomy, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nokothuka. Kwangoko xa sisiva igama elinje, kuvela imibuzo eliqela ezingqondweni zethu. "Luhlobo luni lwento olu?", "Kutheni kufuneka ndenze oku?", "Ubomi bam buza kuba njani emva koku?" Usenokuba nemibuzo engqondweni yakho. Yiyo loo nto, ukuze sinciphise uloyiko lwakho kunye namathandabuzo malunga noku, sicinge ukuba siza kuthetha ngolu tyando ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-maxillectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-maxillectomy kukususwa kwethambo lomhlathi wakho ongasentla okanye inxalenye yalo (maxilla). Umhlathi ongasentla uqulathe amazinyo angasentla. Oku akukokususwa nje okulula. Rhoqo, olu tyando luhamba notyando lokwakha ngokutsha ukuze kubuyiselwe inxalenye esusiweyo, oko kukuthi, ukuphucula inkangeleko. Ke ngoko, le yinkqubo enzima kakhulu necwangcisiweyo kakuhle eyenziwa liqela loogqirha abanezakhono.
Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukwenza utyando olukhulu kangaka?
Isizathu esiphambili soku ngumhlaza. Ingakumbi ukuba umhlaza ukhula kumhlathi wakho ongasentla okanye ukuba umhlaza ovela kwenye indawo usasazeke kule ndawo, olu tyando lubalulekile ukuze kususwe ngokupheleleyo iiseli zomhlaza.
Kukho iimeko ezininzi eziphambili apho oogqirha bacebisa olu tyando:
- Umhlaza weMaxilla: Ukuba umhlaza uvela ngqo kwithambo le-maxilla.
- Umhlaza weNasopharyngeal: Ukuba umhlaza osuka empumlweni usasazeka uye kumhlathi ongasentla.
- Umhlaza womlomo: Umhlaza owenzeka eluphahleni lomlomo.
- IiSinonasal Tumors: Umhlaza okhula kwimingxunya ye-sinus ngaphakathi kobuso uze usasazeke uye emhlathini ongaphezulu.
Ukongeza kwezi ntlobo zomhlaza, olu tyando ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa kwiimeko zosulelo olukhulu lwefungus (invasive fungal sinusitis) . Olu lusulelo olukhulu oluvela xa iintlobo ezithile zefungus ziphefumlwa, ezisasaza kwaye zitshabalalise izicubu ezingaphakathi kwi-sinuses.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu tyando lwenziwe ngenjongo ephambili yokususa ngokupheleleyo umhlaza nokusindisa ubomi bakho.
Ngaba olu tyando lususa umhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela?
Le yingxaki kubantu abaninzi. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomhlaza kunye nokuba usasazeke kangakanani, kusenokufuneka kususwe izicwili okanye amalungu akufutshane ukongeza kumhlathi ongaphezulu. Oku kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukususa umhlaza ngokupheleleyo.
Iindawo ezingqongileyo ezinokuthi zifune ukususwa zezi:
- Iliso: Ukuba umhlaza uhlasele iliso.
- Intlama Eqinileyo: Inxalenye ephezulu yomlomo.
- I-Orbit: Umngxuma wamathambo apho iliso likhoyo khona.
- Umgangatho ojikelezayo: Umgangatho onamathambo obamba iliso endaweni yalo .
- Umthambo onika imvakalelo kulusu oluphantsi kweliso: Oku kunokubangela ukurhawuzelela esidleleni emva kotyando.
- Amazinyo anxulumene nomhlathi ongaphezulu asuswayo.
- Umbhobho Weenyembezi: Umbhobho othwala iinyembezi ukusuka emehlweni ukuya empumlweni.
Ukuba ezi zinto ziyasuswa okanye azisuswanga kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza wakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zolu tyando?
Uhlobo lotyando lwe-maxillectomy oluqhutywayo luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweMaxillectomy oluPhakathi | Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye yomhlathi ongasentla kufutshane nempumlo kunye namazinyo anxulumene nayo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwiithumba ezincinci ngaphakathi kwempumlo. Oku kungenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci ecaleni kwempumlo okanye ngetyhubhu encinci (i-endoscope) efakwe ngempumlo. Oku kudla ngokungafuni utyando olukhulu lokwakha ngokutsha. |
| Isiseko seMaxillectomy | Kule nkqubo, kususwa inxalenye esezantsi yomhlathi ongaphezulu, amazinyo, kunye nenkalakahla. Oku kudala umngxuma eluphahleni lomlomo. Ukuvala lo mngxuma, kuthathwa iqhekeza lezicubu kwenye inxalenye yomzimba lize lifakwe kwenye indawo. Ngaphandle koko, kusetyenziswa iprosthetic ekhethekileyo ukuvala umngxuma. |
| Utyando lweMaxillectomy oluPhakathi | Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye ephezulu yomhlathi ongaphezulu. Kusenokubandakanya nokususa amazinyo, umgangatho ojikelezayo, umjikelezo, iliso, umbhobho wokukrazula, kunye nemithambo-luvo ejikelezileyo. Kufuneka utyando olukhulu lokwakha kwakhona ukulungisa iindawo ezisusiweyo. Ukuba iliso lisusiwe, iliso lokufakelwa linokufakwa ukubuyisela imbonakalo, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba aliyi kubuyisela umbono . |
| I-Subtotal (Inxalenye) ye-Maxillectomy | Kule meko, kususwa inxalenye yomhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela kusetyenziswa enye yeendlela ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. |
| I-Maxillectomy iyonke | Le yeyona nxalenye inkulu yotyando. Umhlathi ongaphezulu wonke kwelinye icala lobuso uyasuswa, kunye nenkalakahla kunye nomgangatho we-orbital. Oku kufuna utyando olukhulu lokwakha ngokutsha kunye nezixhobo zokufakelwa. |
Ngaba kukho ezinye izinto ezinokwenziwa ngolu tyando?
Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha i-maxillectomy yodwa isenokunganeli. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kunokufuneka ukuba kwenziwe ezinye iinkqubo ezininzi ngaxeshanye okanye emva kolu tyando.
- Ukubekwa kweThubhu yokuTya: Ekubeni kunzima ukutya okanye ukusela ngokuqhelekileyo ngomlomo okwethutyana emva kotyando, ithubhu ifakwa ngempumlo okanye ngqo esiswini ukuze inike isondlo esifunekayo.
- I-Dacryocystorhinostomy: Utyando lokususa umbhobho weenyembezi, odala indlela entsha yokukhupha iinyembezi emehlweni.
- Ukuqhaqhwa kwentamo: Ukuba kukho nantoni na ekrokrelwayo yokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph entanyeni, ziyasuswa zize zihlolwe.
- I-Tracheostomy: Ukuba oogqirha bacinga ukuba ukudumba ebusweni kuya kubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla emva kotyando, banokufaka ityhubhu ngqo kumbhobho womoya ngaphambili entanyeni ukuze ikuncede okwethutyana uphefumle.
- Utyando Lokwakha Umzimba: Olu tyando lwenziwa ukuze kubuyiselwe inkangeleko kunye nokusebenza kobuso kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando olukhulu, olu luneengenelo kunye neengozi zalo.
| Inzuzo ephambili | Iingozi ezinokubakho kunye neengxaki |
|---|---|
Ukusindisa ubomi. Eyona nzuzo inkulu nekuphela kwayo yolu tyando kukuba luthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kwaye lunika ithuba elingcono lokusinda ngokususa izicubu zomhlaza emzimbeni. |
|
Linjani ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando?
Olu luhambo olude. Kufuneka ulungiselele ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Inkqubo yokuphiliswa inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziinxalenye ezininzi.
Ixesha esibhedlele
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iveki ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini nangaphezulu . Eli xesha linokuba lide ukuba ubunotyando olukhulu lokwakha. Ngeli xesha:
- Amayeza anikwa ukulawula iintlungu nokuthintela usulelo.
- Ioksijini inganikwa ukunceda ekuphefumleni (ngokusebenzisa i-tracheostomy ukuba umntu ubekwe).
- Isondlo sifumaneka ngokunika ukutya okumanzi ngetyhubhu yokondla.
Izinto ekufuneka uzikhathalele emva kokubuyela ekhaya
Kusafuneka ulumke kakhulu emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya uvela esibhedlele.
- Kuphephe ukwenza imisebenzi enzima ngokupheleleyo de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
- Yitya izinto ezimanzi kunye nokutya okuthambileyo kuphela de amanxeba aphole.
- Kuphephe ukutya okushushu neziselo kuba ezinye iindawo zomlomo zinokuba novakalelo kubushushu, nto leyo enokutshisa umlomo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo?
Oku kungathatha iinyanga. Kuza kuthatha ixesha ukuba ubuchule bakho bokuthetha nokuginya bubuyele esiqhelweni. Ixesha lokuchacha liza kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
- Ekubeni i-medial maxillectomy ilutyando olungenamsebenzi kangako, ukuchacha kuyakhawuleza.
- Iziseko zophuhliso, iSuprastructure, kunye neTotal maxillectomy ziindlela zotyando ezintsonkothileyo kakhulu, ngoko ke ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele kunye nexesha lokuchacha ekhaya linokuba lide kakhulu.
Ufanele umfowunele nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu eziyingozi ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho okanye isibhedlele apho ufumene khona unyango. Qaphela ngakumbi ezi mpawu.
* Ukuba kukho ukudumba okungaqhelekanga .
* Ukuba uziva kunzima ukuphefumla .
* Ukuba uqalisa ukuba nomkhuhlane (oku kungaba luphawu losulelo).
* Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha ezingenakulawulwa ngamayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu anikiweyo.
Kwimeko efana nale, musa ukulibaziseka.
Kuya kuba naliphi igalelo ebomini bam emva kokuchacha?
Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola ngempumelelo kolu tyando. Amanxeba ayaphola kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ukususa umhlathi ongaphezulu kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo kuzisa utshintsho ebomini. Izinto ezazilula kakhulu ngaphambili, njengokutya, ukuthetha, nokuginya, zinokuba ngumceli mngeni.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Baninzi abantu abanokukunceda woyise le mingeni.
- Iingcali zokunyanga intetho: Zikunceda ufunde kwakhona indlela yokuthetha, yokuginya, neyokutya.
- Iingcali zokutya: Ukunceda umzimba ufumane izondlo ozifunayo, nokuba kunzima ukutya.
- Iingcali zokulungisa amazinyo: Banokukwenzela amazinyo akhethekileyo kwaye bakuncede uphinde ukwazi ukuhlafuna ukutya.
- Iingcali zomhlaza: Lungelelanisa unyango olongezelelweyo lomhlaza, olufana ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation, olunokufuneka emva kotyando.
Ukuchacha kwakho ekugqibeleni kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza kunye nobunzima bawo. Kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nemizamo yakho, abantu abaninzi baye bakwazi ukoyisa le mingeni baze babuyele kubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lweMaxillectomy lutyando olubaluleke kakhulu, olunokusindisa ubomi kubantu abanomhlaza wentloko nentamo.
- Ixesha lokuchacha emva kolu tyando linokuba lide. Ukutya nokuthetha kunokuchaphazeleka.
- Kukho iqela elikhulu lezonyango, kuquka oogqirha, iingcali zentetho, kunye neengcali zesondlo, ukukunceda. Fumana inkxaso yabo.
- Xela ugqirha wakho naziphi na iimpawu eziyingozi (umkhuhlane, iintlungu eziqatha, ubunzima bokuphefumla) ngoko nangoko xa uphilile.
- Nangona olu hambo lunzima, ngenkxaso efanelekileyo kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle, ungaphila ubomi obuhle kwakhona.
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