Xa ucinga ngotyando lwentliziyo, into efika engqondweni yakho lutyando olukhulu olubandakanya ukunqumla isifuba phakathi uze usivule, akunjalo? Abantu abaninzi bayaloyika ngokwenene. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, utyando lwentliziyo ngoku lunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokusika okukhulu kangaka, ngokusebenzisa ukusika okuncinci okanye okuncinci kakhulu? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi "Minimally Invasive Heart Surgery". Abanye abantu babiza olu "tyando lwe-keyhole" kuba lwenziwa njengokujonga nge-keyhole. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto.
Kalula nje, yintoni le tyando yentliziyo enokusika kancinci?
Oku kuthetha ukuba ithambo elikhulu eliphakathi kwesifuba sakho, i-sternum , alinqunyulwanga ngokupheleleyo, njengakwindlela eqhelekileyo yotyando lwentliziyo. Endaweni yoko, ugqirha wenza umsike omnye okanye ngaphezulu omncinci kakhulu ecaleni kwesifuba sakho, phakathi kweembambo.
Emva koko, ngezi zigcawu zincinci, iikhamera zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, izixhobo zotyando ezinde nezincinci ezenziwe ngokukodwa, okanye iingalo zerobhothi zidluliselwa entliziyweni. Ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo sokujonga imifanekiso ecacileyo nekhuliswe kakhulu kwikhamera aze enze utyando ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu. Le ndlela ibangela ukuba amanxeba angabi maninzi, iintlungu zingabi ninzi, kwaye ixesha lokuphola lifutshane kakhulu kunendlela endala.
Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokwenza olu tyando?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Indlela yotyando | Kwenzeka njani oku |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweThoracoscopic | Ugqirha wenza imingxunya emincinci ecaleni kwesifuba. Ngenye yazo, kufakwa ityhubhu ende enekhamera yevidiyo (i-thoracoscope) ukuze kufunyanwe imifanekiso yentliziyo. Ngeminye imingxunya, kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezinde nezincinci ukwenza olu tyando. |
| Utyando lwentliziyo oluncediswa yirobhothi | Nalapha, kwenziwa imingxunya emincinci esifubeni. Kodwa izixhobo zilawulwa yinkqubo yeengalo zerobhothi ezilawulwa ngugqirha ngokwakhe. Oku kubonelela ngombono ocacileyo wentliziyo onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D). Inokwenza utyando ngobuchule nangokuchanekileyo kunesandla somntu. |
Zeziphi iintlobo zezifo zentliziyo ezisetyenziselwa le ndlela?
Nangona kungelulo lonke utyando lwentliziyo olunokwenziwa ngale ndlela, ingasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezininzi. Umzekelo:
- Ukuvalwa kwe-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kweevalvu . Le ndlela ithandwa kakhulu ekulungisweni kweevalvu ze-mitral.
- Unyango lwentliziyo engaqhelekanga (Inkqubo ye-Maze ye-atrial fibrillation)
- Ukususwa kwethumba lentliziyo
- Ezinye iindlela zotyando lwe-bypass (utyando lwe-Coronary artery bypass)
- Ukubekwa kwesixhobo sokuncedisa i-Ventricular
Ingcali yentliziyo kunye nogqirha wakho baya kugqiba ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ukuba le nkqubo ifanelekile na kwimeko yakho.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika yonke imiyalelo efunekayo ngaphambi kotyando. Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile (umz., amayeza okunciphisa igazi) kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
Awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando kuba uza kuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga ukuze ugcine ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lotyando.
Ugqirha wenza imingxunya emincinci ecaleni kwesifuba, afake izixhobo ngazo, aze afikelele entliziyweni ngeembambo ukuze enze ukulungiswa okufunekayo, ukutshintshwa kwevalvu, okanye olunye unyango. Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu . Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, imingxunya iyathungwa ivalwe.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kukho iingenelo ezininzi kule ndlela.
Iingenelo
- Ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza: Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
- Iintlungu ezinciphileyo: Iintlungu azinciphi kuba akukho kusikwa okukhulu okanye ukunqunyulwa kwamathambo.
- Ukopha okunciphileyo: Ukopha okuncinci kuba imingxunya mincinci.
- Umngcipheko wokosuleleka unciphile: Ekubeni amanxeba emancinci, umngcipheko wokosuleleka nawo unciphile.
- Amanxeba aba mancinci: Endaweni yokuba kubekho isilonda esikhulu esifubeni sonke, kusala amanxeba ambalwa amancinci, angabonakaliyo kangako.
- Ukuhla kwexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele:Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela ekhaya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Iingozi
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile, kodwa ezi ngozi zincinci xa zithelekiswa notyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo.
- Ukopha
- Usulelo
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias)
- Iimeko ezifana nestroke
Ngamanye amaxesha, kunqabile kakhulu, ngexesha lotyando, ukuba ugqirha uyaqonda ukuba le ndlela yokusikwa okuncinci ayisakhuselekanga, kusenokufuneka atshintshele kwindlela yotyando oluvulekileyo yendabuko ngoko nangoko. Nangona oku kungeyonto eyenzeka rhoqo, kubalulekile ukuyiqonda.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Ungaphila njani ngokukhawuleza?
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo oluphezulu (ICU) usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Iityhubhu zokukhupha amanzi zingafakwa ukuze kukhutshwe naluphi na ulwelo olunokuba luqokelelene esifubeni sakho. Emva koko, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo kwaye uza kuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa.
Uza kukwazi ukuhamba ngeenyawo emva kosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Uza kuyalelwa nokuba wenze umthambo wokuphefumla ukuze uncede ukususa i-mucus emiphungeni yakho. Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ungabuyela nini emsebenzini, uqhube, kwaye uzilolonge.
Oogqirha badla ngokukuthumela kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo , ekunceda ukuba wonyuse kancinci kancinci umthambo kwaye ikunike ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna ukuba ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kotyando lwakho, fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza .
- Ulwelo olufana nobovu luphuma kwizilonda.
- Ukudumba okugqithisileyo okanye ukubomvu okujikeleze inxeba.
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda.
- Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza (ukubetha kwentliziyo) .
- Ukudumba okungaqhelekanga kwemilenze okanye iinyawo (i-edema) .
- Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg (iikhilogram ezi-3) ngeveki.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwentliziyo olungenasithintelo kakhulu yindlela yanamhlanje yotyando lwentliziyo eyenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci, ngaphandle kokwenza ukusikwa okuqhubekayo esifubeni.
- Le ndlela inciphisa iintlungu, ukopha, amanxeba, kunye nomngcipheko wokosuleleka. Ikwanciphisa ixesha lokuchacha.
- Le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa iimeko ezininzi, ezinje ngokulungiswa kweevalvu zentliziyo kunye nokuvalwa komngxuma.
- Nangona le yinkqubo ephumelele kakhulu, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi utyando olulungele imeko yakho uze wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
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