Ukuqonda iMucositis: Izilonda zomlomo nezesisu ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza | Nirogi Lanka

Xa unyangwa umhlaza, ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nezilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni okanye emqaleni ezivakala zinganyamezeleki. Kukho amaxesha apho intlungu iba nzima kangangokuba yenza ukutya, ukusela, okanye nokuthetha kube nzima. Le meko yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yiMucositis . Nceda ungoyiki; le yimpembelelo eqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezininzi, kwaye eNirogi Lanka , sifuna wazi ukuba kukho iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuyilawula. Masijonge oku ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni iMucositis? Ngamafutshane...

I-Mucositis kukudumba kunye nokudumba kwe- mucous membrane ethambileyo ejikeleze lonke i-gastrointestinal tract yakho (GI) - ukusuka emlonyeni wakho ukuya emathunjini akho. Cinga ngezicubu ezithambileyo, ezimanzi, ezipinki ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho; i-lining efanayo ekhuselayo igubungela inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya, isebenza njengomqobo kwiintsholongwane kunye namaqhekeza okutya aqatha.

Nangona kunjalo, unyango oluthile lomhlaza—ngakumbi i-chemotherapy , unyango lwe-radiation , okanye ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem/bone marrow —lungonakalisa olu lwelo lubuthathaka. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba yi-mucositis. Idla ngokubonwa njenge- oral mucositis (echaphazela umlomo).

I-Mucositis ichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

Iiseli zomhlaza zikhula kwaye zahlukane ngokukhawuleza, yiyo loo nto unyango lomhlaza lwenzelwe ukujolisa kwezi seli zahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza. Ngelishwa, iiseli ezikwiimembrane zakho ze-mucous nazo zahlukana ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yokuba olu nyango alukwazi ukwahlula ngokulula phakathi kweeseli zomhlaza kunye neeseli zakho eziphilileyo, ulwelo lwakho olukhuselayo lunokonakala.

Ngokwesiqhelo, olu lwelo luphola ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ekugcina ukhuselekile. Nangona kunjalo, nge-mucositis, amandla omzimba wakho okulungisa ezi seli ayaphazamiseka. Oku kwenza izenzo ezilula zemihla ngemihla ezifana nokutya okanye ukuthetha zibe buhlungu kwaye kukushiya usesichengeni sosulelo .

Kwimeko ye-oral mucositis, umlomo wakho unokubonakala ubomvu, ukhazimla, udumbile, okanye unezilonda . Ungabona namabala amhlophe obovu . Nangona amanqanaba entlungu ahluka, oogqirha bawahlulahlula ukusuka kumanqanaba aphantsi (amabanga 1-2) ukuya kumanqanaba aqatha (amabanga 3-4). Kwimeko ezinzima, intlungu inokuba qatha kangangokuba unobunzima bokutya okanye ukusela, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneke ukunciphisa okwethutyana isicwangciso sakho sonyango lomhlaza.

I-Mucositis inokuchaphazela indlela yakho yokugaya ukutya ingaphaya komlomo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimpawu ezinje ngeentlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza . Ukuba ukudumba kufikelela emathunjini akho asezantsi, kunokubangela urhudo okanye iintshukumo zamathumbu ezibuhlungu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana iMucositis?

I-Mucositis ixhaphake kakhulu; ichaphazela malungaAma-50% ezigulana ezifumana unyango lwe-chemotherapy kunye nama- 80% ukuya kwi-100% ezo zifumana unyango lwe-radiation okanye i-stem cell transplants.

Umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-mucositis enzima unokwanda ukuba:

• Sebenzisa iimveliso zecuba okanye uhlafune i-betel nut .
• Sela utywala obugqithisileyo .
• Ziphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni .
• Une- protein enqongopheleyo .
• Une -Body Mass Index (BMI) ephantsi .
• Yiba nee-inplants zamazinyo okanye unxibe amazinyo okufakelwa .
• Unesifo seentsini .
• Unesifo sezintso .
• Lawula iDiabetes Mellitus .
• Unosulelo lwe-HIV .

Ziziphi iimpawu zeMucositis?

Ukudumba kudla ngokubonakala ngokuba bomvu, ukuba buhlungu, ubushushu, kunye nokudumba . Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo, unokufumana iimpawu ezithile.

Iimpawu ze-Oral Mucositis:

• Izicubu zomlomo ezibomvu, ezikhazimlayo, okanye ezidumbileyo .
• Umlomo owomileyo .
• Amathe angqindilili .
• Izilonda zomlomo .
• Amabala amhlophe athambileyo obovu .
• Ubunzima bokuginya, ukuthetha, ukutya, okanye ukusela .
• Ukopha .
• Umbala omhlophe wesikhumba ngaphakathi emlonyeni.

Iimpawu zeMucositis yesisu:

• Ububomvu be-mucosa (i-erythematous mucosa) .
• Intlungu zesisu .
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Urhudo .
• Igazi okanye i-mucus kwi-tube yakho .
• Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okubuhlungu .

Zithini izizathu eziphambili zeMucositis? (eNirogi Lanka)

Xa oogqirha bethetha nge -mucositis , badla ngokubhekisa ekuvuvukeni kolwelo lomgudu wakho wokugaya ukutya—ukusuka emlonyeni wakho ukuya esiswini sakho—okubangelwa kunyango lomhlaza. Njengoko sele sixoxile, olu nyango lujolise kwiiseli ezahlulahlula ngokukhawuleza, ezithi zingaqondanga zonakalise ulwelo lwakho lwe-mucous. Nokuba ufumana imitha ephezulu ye-systemic okanye i-chemotherapy, okanye imitha ephantsi ye-localized, olu nyango lunokuchaphazela izicubu ezibuthathaka emlonyeni wakho nakwinkqubo ye-gastrointestinal.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukudumba kwezi membranes kunokubakho ngenxa yezinye izifo, nangona ezi zihlala zibizwa ngamagama athile. Umzekelo, ukudumba okukhawulelwe emlonyeni kubizwa ngokuba yi-stomatitis , kwaye ukuba kukho isifo, saziwa ngokuba yi -gingivostomatitis .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokuvela kwi-mucositis?

Kubalulekile ukuhlala ulumkile malunga neengxaki ezilandelayo:

• Ukungondleki: Intlungu emlonyeni, emqaleni, emqaleni, okanye esiswini inokwenza kube nzima ukutya nokusela. Ekubeni uninzi lwezigulane ezinomhlaza sele zinengxaki yokulahlekelwa yintliziyo okanye ukuncipha komzimba, oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukutya okufanelekileyo kubalulekile. Kwezinye iimeko, malunga nama -70% ezigulana zinokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze zinikwe ukutya ngetyhubhu.
• Urhudo Olungapheliyo: Ukuba ufumana urhudo olungapheliyo okanye ubona igazi kwindle yakho, kunokufuneka ungeniswe esibhedlele ukuze ujongwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye ne-anemia.
• Usulelo: Xa i-mucous membranes yakho ichaphazeleka, ulahlekelwa ngomnye wemiqobo yokuzikhusela ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Ngenxa yokuba unyango lomhlaza lunokunciphisa inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-neutropenia), amasosha omzimba wakho sele ebuthathaka. Izilonda ze-mucositis zibonelela ngendawo yokungena kwiibhaktheriya ukuba zingene egazini lakho, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wosulelo olunzima olufana ne-septicemia.
• Ukunciphisa okanye Ukuphazamiseka Konyango Lomhlaza: I-mucositis enzima inganyanzela iqela lakho lezonyango ukuba lilibazise okanye linciphise umthamo wonyango lwakho lomhlaza. Oku kunokuchaphazela iziphumo zakho zexesha elide, kwaye kubikwa ukuba ngaphezulu kwama -30% ezigulana zinokufuna ukuyeka unyango lwazo ngenxa yesi simo.

Ifunyanwa njani i-mucositis?

I-Mucositis sisiphumo esaziwayo esinokubakho sonyango lomhlaza. Ugqirha wakho unokusixilonga rhoqo ngokuphonononga imbali yakho yezonyango, ahlole iimpawu zakho, aze ahlole iindawo ezichaphazelekayo. Ukuba une-mucositis yesisu, banokwenza uvavanyo lomfanekiso ukuze babone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi. Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze ajonge usulelo olungaphantsi lwebhaktiriya okanye lwefungus.

Iphathwa njani i-mucositis?

Ngokwesiqhelo, i-mucositis iyaphela yodwa xa unyango lwakho lomhlaza luphelile. Ukuba usebenzisa i-chemotherapy, iimpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiveki enye ukuya kwezimbini kwaye ziphele kwiveki enye ukuya kwezintandathu. Nge-radiation, iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu kwaye ziphele kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Isantya sokuchacha sixhomekeke kubukhali kunye nendlela olawula ngayo imeko. Ude uphile, unokufuna inkxaso elandelayo:

Ulawulo lweentlungu

Intlungu idla ngokuba yeyona nto inzima kwi-mucositis. Ngenxa yokuba amayeza asetyenziswa ngaphandle kwesikhumba asenokungahlali ixesha elide okanye agubungele zonke iindawo ezichaphazelekayo, unokufuna indlela edibeneyo. Oku kungabandakanya iijeli ezithomalalisayo, ii-mouthwash ezibhalwe ngugqirha, ii-painkillers ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ii-opioids ezibhalwe ngugqirha . Musa ukubandezeleka buthule. Ukukwazi kwakho ukutya nokusela kubalulekile ukuze uphile. Xoxa ngesicwangciso sokulawula iintlungu esisebenzayo neqela lakho lezempilo laseNirogi Lanka.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulawula iintlungu ze-mucositis ziquka:

• Ii-Anesthetics ze-Topic: Ezifana ne-lidocaine, i-benzocaine, i-dyclonine hydrochloride (HCl), kunye ne-Ulcerease® (0.6% phenol).
• "Ukuhlamba Umlomo Omlingo":Umxube oxutyiweyo odla ngokuba ne-lidocaine, i-diphenhydramine, kunye ne-Maalox®.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala: Umzekelo, i-prednisone.
• “I-GI Cocktail”: Umxube odla ngokuqulatha iMaalox®, iNystatin®, kunye neHurricane Liquid®.
• I-Acetaminophen: Efana neTylenol®.
• Amayeza eNhlungu eNcinci kagqirha: Ukuba ayafuneka la mayeza, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okuthambisa isitulo ukuthintela ukuqhina.

Ukhathalelo Lomlomo

Xa ujongene ne-oral mucositis, indlela onyamekela ngayo umlomo wakho ibalulekile ekunciphiseni iintlungu nokuthintela ukonakaliswa okanye usulelo olungakumbi kwizicubu. Izenzo ezilula ezifana nokutya, ukuthetha, okanye ukuginya zinokucaphukisa ii-membranes ezithambileyo. Khetha ukutya okuthambileyo, okulula ukuginya kwaye ugcine umlomo wakho unamanzi. Ngenxa yokuba ii-membranes zakho ezibuthathaka zichaphazeleka kakhulu ziibhaktheriya, ukugcina ucoceko lomlomo ngononophelo yeyona nto iphambili.

Unyango oluxhasayo lwe-oral mucositis luquka:

• Hlamba rhoqo – kodwa ngobunono: Kufuneka ujonge ukuhlamba kathathu okanye kane ngemini. Sebenzisa ibrashi yamazinyo eneenwele ezithambileyo kunye ne -toothpaste ethambileyo nethambileyo ene-fluoride . Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto zokwenza mhlophe okanye ii-toothpaste eziqatha. Ukuba i-toothpaste yakho ibangela ukutsha, zama intlama elula eyenziwe ngetyuwa kunye ne-baking soda. Hlamba ngobunono , kwaye uqinisekise ukuba amazinyo akho okufakelwa acocekile yonke imihla.
• Ukuhlamba umlomo: Hlamba umlomo wakho izihlandlo ezihlanu ukuya kwezintandathu ngemini ngesicombululo samanzi anetyuwa okanye umxube wetyuwa kunye ne-baking soda. Le yenye yezona ndlela zikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo zokucoca izilonda zomlomo nokugcina iintsholongwane zikhuselekile. Ungasebenzisa nee-antiseptic mouthwash ezingenatywala .
• Ukutya: Hlala ukutya okuthambileyo nokuthambileyo . Kuphephe ukutya okune-asidi, okuneziqholo, nokukrwada okunokucaphukisa umlomo wakho. Zigcine kude neswekile kunye notywala, kuba oku kungonakalisa umlomo wakho kwaye kukhuthaze ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kunye neefungi. Iiprotein shakes ziyindlela entle yokugcina isondlo sakho kunye nomswakama.
• Ukufunxa: Ukuze ulwe nomlomo owomileyo kwaye ugcine inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya inamanzi, kuya kufuneka wongeze ulwelo lwakho. Cinga ngokusebenzisa iimveliso zamathe ezenziweyo ezisekelwe kwii-enzymes, ezifana ne-Oral Balance®. Kwabaninzi, ukufunxa ii-ice chips kunika umswakama othomalalisayo kunye nesiphumo sokudambisa iintlungu. Sebenzisa ii-lip balms rhoqo ukukhusela imilebe yakho.

Ukunyanga iingxaki

Ukuba ufumana ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu, ukungondleki kakuhle, okanye usulelo, unokufuna uncedo lobuchwephesha, olufana noku:

• Isondlo sangaphakathi (iityhubhu zokutyisa)
• Ulwelo lwe-IV
• Ii-antibiotics

Yintoni omawuyitye kwaye uyisele ngelixa uphola kwiMucositis?

Icetyisiwe:

• Ukutya okuneproteni eninzi
• Iishakes zesondlo
• Ukutya okuthambileyo
• Iipopsicles ezingenaswekile

Ziphephe:

• Ukutya okunongwe
• Ukutya okune-asidi
• Ukutya okunamafutha okanye okuqhotsiweyo
• Ukutya okuneswekile eninzi

Iziselo ezicetyiswayo:

• Iti yeChamomile
• Amanzi amaninzi

Ziphephe iziselo:

• Iziselo ezinekhabhoni
• Utywala

Ngaba iMucositis ingathintelwa?

Nangona singenakukwazi ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-mucositis ebangelwa kunyango lomhlaza, abaphandi bafunda ngenkuthalo iindlela ezintsha zokuyilawula. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokungenelela zinokunceda ukunciphisa ubukhali kunye nobude bemeko:

• Unyango lweCryotherapy: Ukufunxa ii-ice chips ngexesha nasemva nje kwe-chemotherapy kunokunceda ukukhusela kwi-oral mucositis.
• I-Palifermin: Le yinguqulelo yokwenziwa ye -keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) , iproteni eveliswa ngumzimba wakho ngokwendalo. Inceda ekukhuseleni nasekulungiseni ulwelo lomlomo wakho kunye nomgudu wokugaya ukutya. Kuye kwabonakala ukuba iyanciphisa ubunzima kunye nobude be-mucositis kwizigulana ezifakelwa umongo wethambo okanye i-stem cell transplants ngenxa yomhlaza wegazi .
• Izinto ezisetyenziswa xa kufikwa emathunjini: Iijeli ezifana neGelclair® kunye neZilactin® zinokunceda ukugquma i-mucosa yomlomo, zibonelele ngomqobo okhuselayo kunyango lwemitha.
• I-Amifostine: Ukuba ufumana unyango lwe-radiation entloko nasentanyeni, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa eli yeza ukunciphisa ubunzima be-oral mucositis, nangona isicaphucaphu sinokuba yimiphumo emibi.

Ndimele ndilindele ntoni ukuba ndinayo le meko?

I-Mucositis idla ngokuziphelela emva kokuba unyango lwakho lomhlaza luphelile, ludla ngokuthatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha wakho unokukunika isiqabu sentlungu ukuze uhlale ukhululekile. Ukugcina ucoceko lomlomo olucokisekileyo nokuhlala ungenazo iintsholongwane kuya kukhawulezisa ukuchacha kwakho. Ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zosulelo okanye kunzima ukutya nokusela, nceda uqhagamshelane neqela lakho lezonyango ngoko nangoko.

Ndingaqhagamshelana nini nogqirha wam?

Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqaphela:

• Iimpawu zokuqala zeMucositis.
• Iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane.
• Ubunzima bokutya okanye ukusela.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engalindelekanga.
• Urhudo oluqhubekayo.
• Ukopha rhoqo emlonyeni okanye esitulweni sakho.

I-Mucositis sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo nesinzima sonyango lomhlaza. Ubunzima bayo buxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho iyonke, uhlobo lonyango olufumanayo, kunye nendlela oyigcina ngayo inkqubo yakho yokhathalelo ngenkuthalo. Apha eNirogi Lanka, silapha ukukuxhasa kuyo yonke inyathelo lokuchacha kwakho.

Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya

Nangona i-mucositis yimeko yexeshana, akufuneki ukuba ubandezeleke yiyo wedwa; inkxaso iyafumaneka. Iiveki ezimbalwa emva konyango lwakho lomhlaza zibalulekile ekuchacheni kwakho. Ngeli xesha, usenokuba sengozini yokungondleki kakuhle okanye usulelo. Ukuziqhelanisa nokuzinyamekela rhoqo kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango lobuchwephesha kubaluleke ngokulinganayo xa ulawula i-mucositis. Nceda uzive unamandla okuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane inkxaso oyifunayo. Awuwedwa—iNirogi Lanka ilapha ukukuxhasa.

Amagama angundoqo: I-Mucositis, unyango lomhlaza, izilonda zomlomo, ukudumba kwamathumbu, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zechemotherapy, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwemitha, unyango lomlomo