Khawuthelekelele uhamba esitalatweni uze ngequbuliso uva ivumba elimnandi kakhulu, mhlawumbi livumba lesonka esitsha esivela kuloo venkile. Nokuba sele uhambe iimitha ezimbalwa udlula kuloo venkile, ivumba lisahlala empumlweni yakho imizuzwana embalwa, akunjalo? Okanye nokuba umntu uchukumise isandla sakho aze akuyeke, usenokuziva ubushushu baloo nto uyichukumisayo okwethutyana. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yimemori yeemvakalelo, okanye ``Inkumbulo Yeemvakalelo`` . Eli linyathelo lokuqala nelimangalisayo kwinkqubo yethu yememori. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Yintoni kanye kanye inkumbulo yeemvakalelo?
Ngamafutshane, inkumbulo yeemvakalelo yinkumbulo yexesha elifutshane kakhulu eqokelela ulwazi oluvela kwindawo esikuyo ngeemvakalelo zethu ezintlanu (amehlo, iindlebe, impumlo, ulwimi, ulusu). Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Sensory Register)`.
Kufana nokuthatha ifoto ekumgangatho ophezulu ngoko nangoko ngekhamera esemgangathweni ophezulu . Inkumbulo yethu yeemvakalelo ibamba yonke into encinci kwindawo esikuyo ngaphantsi komzuzwana. Emva koko, kuloo nqwaba yolwazi, sikhetha kuphela iinxalenye esicinga ukuba "wow.. oku kubalulekile" size sizithumele kwinkumbulo yethu yexesha elifutshane.
Asinakulawula ukuba le nkumbulo ihlala ixesha elingakanani. Ihlala iphela kwimizuzwana embalwa. Eli xesha lifutshane lisivumela ukuba sihlale sibona utshintsho kunye nezinto ezifihlakeleyo kwindawo esikuyo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zememori yeemvakalelo?
Kukho iintlobo ezi-5 eziphambili zenkumbulo yeemvakalelo ezinxulumene neemvakalelo zethu ezintlanu. Uya kuyiqonda lula le nto ukuba ujonga itafile.
| Uhlobo lweMemori | Ingqiqo Edibeneyo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|---|
| Inkumbulo edumileyo | Umbono | Umfanekiso wento oyibonayo uhlala emehlweni akho kangangemizuzwana. |
| Inkumbulo ye-Echoic | Ukuva | Isandi osivayo sivakala entlokweni yakho kangangemizuzwana emi-2-4. |
| Inkumbulo yeHaptic | Chukumisa | Ukuchukumisa okuhlala eluswini imizuzwana embalwa. |
| Inkumbulo enomdla | Incasa | Incasa ehlala ihleli elulwimini emva kokutya. |
| Inkumbulo yokuvumba | Ivumba | Ivumba lihlala empumlweni emva kokuba ulivumba. |
Makhe sijonge eminye imizekelo ebomini bethu?
La asingomazwi nje kuphela, kodwa zizinto esidibana nazo imihla ngemihla.
Inkumbulo edumileyo
Khawuthelekelele isibhakabhaka siba mnyama kwaye umbane utshaye ngequbuliso. Emva kokuba ukukhanya kunyamalale, umfanekiso waloo mbane uhlala phambi kwamehlo akho malunga nomzuzwana, akunjalo? Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-'(Iconic memory)'. Omnye umzekelo kukuba xa sijikeleza i-sparkler esiyikhanyisa ngobusuku boNyaka oMtsha, ibonakala ngathi izoba isangqa. Oko kwenzeka kuba '(Iconic memory)' yethu ikhumbula iindawo esibhakabhakeni ezazikhanyisiwe umzuzwana.
Inkumbulo ye-Echoic
Nokuba sele ugqibile ukumamela ingoma oyithandayo, isandi saloo ngoma sihlala sidlala entlokweni yakho imizuzwana embalwa, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo nge-`(Echoic memory)`. Okanye xa umntu ekubiza, nokuba awuyinaki loo nto, emva kwemizuzwana embalwa ucinge, "Owu... ngubani ondibizileyo?" Kungenxa yokuba isandi sihlala engqondweni yakho imizuzwana embalwa.
Inkumbulo yeHaptic
Emva kokuba umntu ebambe isandla sakho ngokuqinileyo aze asikhulule, isandla sakho sisaziva ukuchukumisa, uxinzelelo, okwethutyana. Okanye nasemva kokuba uchukumise ilaphu elirhabaxa, iminwe yakho isaziva uburhabaxa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Haptic memory)`.
Iinkumbulo ezimnandi nezinuka kamnandi
Ezi zimbini zihlala zisebenza kunye. Ubunongo obuhlala emlonyeni emva kokutya irayisi enetyuwa nepepile enongiweyo, okanye ubumnandi obuhlala elulwimini emva kokutya i-milk toffee yimizekelo ye-`(inkumbulo emnandi). Ngokufanayo, ukuba ivumba lesonka xa udlula ebhekileni, okanye ivumba lesiqhumiso xa udlula etempileni, lihlala empumlweni yakho nasemva kokuba udlule kuloo ndawo, lowo ngumsebenzi we-`(inkumbulo evumbayo).`
Isebenza njani le nkumbulo yeemvakalelo?
Le nkqubo ikhawuleza kakhulu. Yenzeka ngamanyathelo ambalwa:
1. Ukuva imvakalelo: Okokuqala, ufumana into ethile ngeemvakalelo zakho ezintlanu. Umzekelo, ubona intyatyambo entle.
2. Inxalenye efanelekileyo yengqondo iyavulwa: Wakubona nje intyatyambo, inxalenye yengqondo enoxanduva lokubona (i-sensory cortex) iyavulwa ngoko nangoko. Kufana nokuvula ibhalbhu yesibane.
3. Ingqondo ikhetha into ebalulekileyo: Emva koko, ingqondo yakho igqiba kwisithuba esingaphantsi komzuzwana ukuba into oyibonileyo ibalulekile okanye ayibalulekile. "Owu... le ntyatyambo intle kakhulu, kufuneka ndiyikhumbule le nto" okanye "Le yinto nje engaqhelekanga." Ingqondo ikhetha.
4. Ukukhethwa kuthunyelwa kwimemori yexesha elifutshane: Ulwazi olukhethiweyo njengolubalulekileyo kuphela oluthunyelwa kwinqanaba elilandelayo lememori, imemori yexesha elifutshane . Ingqondo ilahla lonke olunye ulwazi olungafunekiyo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa izinto ezingeyomfuneko ezinje. Kungenjalo, ukuba sizama ukukhumbula yonke into esiyibonayo, esiyivayo, nesiyivayo, ingqondo yethu iya kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye asiyi kukwazi ukwenza nantoni na ngokufanelekileyo.
Masifunde nangomthamo kunye nobude benkumbulo yeemvakalelo.
Lungakanani ulwazi onokulukhumbula? (Ubungakanani bolwazi)
Umthamo wenkumbulo yeemvakalelo mkhulu kakhulu . Oku kungenxa yokuba sisebenzisa ezininzi zeemvakalelo zethu ngaxeshanye.
Khawucinge ngexesha apho wawusitya kakuhle.
- Ubona umbala werayisi kunye nekhari ngamehlo akho .
- Ndiyivumba icurry nganye ngempumlo yam .
- Ulwimi lubona incasa efana nencasa emuncu, ekrakra, emnandi, nekrakra.
- Ungaziva ubume bezinto ezifana nerayisi nentlanzi ngesikhumba (ngaphakathi emlonyeni) .
- Ungasiva isandi "esitsho ngesandi" esivela ekutyeni ipapadam ngendlebe yakho .
Inkumbulo yethu yeemvakalelo inokugcina lonke olu lwazi ngaxeshanye. Yiyo loo nto ilwenza lube namandla kangaka.
Ulwazi lugcinwa ixesha elingakanani? (Ubude bexesha)
Nangona umthamo wayo mkhulu, ulwazi lugcinwa kwinkumbulo yeemvakalelo ixesha elifutshane kakhulu.. Ngokwesiqhelo imizuzwana eyi-0.2 ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-2-4 kuphela. Eli xesha liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimvakalelo nganye. Umzekelo, imemori ebonakalayo `(Iconic)` ihlala ngaphantsi kwesekhondi e-1, ngelixa imemori ye-auditory `(Echoic)` inokuhlala malunga nemizuzwana emi-4.
Isizathu sokuba oku kube kufutshane kangaka kukuvumela ingqondo yethu ukuba ikwazi ukwamkela iimvakalelo ezintsha eziza kuthi rhoqo ngomzuzwana.
Zeziphi iindawo zengqondo ezibandakanyekayo koku?
Le nkqubo, ebizwa ngokuba yimemori yeemvakalelo, ibandakanya iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Imvakalelo nganye inendlela yayo eyahlukileyo. Umzekelo, xa usiva isandi, eso sandi siguqulwa sibe sisignali yombane ehamba ngemithambo-luvo ukuya ebuchotsheni. Siqala ngokuhamba ngesiseko sobuchopho size siye kwi-thalamus, inxalenye yobuchopho ekumbindi wobuchopho. I-thalamus sisiziko esikhokelela ulwazi kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ukusuka apho, isignali yesandi ithunyelwa kwinxalenye yobuchopho efanelekileyo kakhulu ekuveni.
Olu lwalamano lubonakala ngokucacileyo kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lweMemori yoVavanyo | Ummandla woBongo oHlangeneyo |
|---|---|
| Ukuva (Inkumbulo ye-Echoic) | I-cortex ye-Auditory, ekwi-lobe yexeshana |
| Inkumbulo yeHaptic | I-cortex ye-Somatosensory, ekwi-lobe ye-parietal |
| Incasa (Inkumbulo emnandi) | I-cortex eyintloko ye-gustatory, ephakathi kwe-frontal kunye ne-insular lobes |
| Inkumbulo edumileyo | I-cortex ebonakalayo ephambili, ekwi-occipital lobe - umva wobuchopho |
| Inkumbulo yokuvumba | Ibhalbhu yokuhombisa ifumaneka ezantsi kwengqondo, kwi-frontal lobe. |
Ezi ndawo, kunye nezinye iindawo zobuchopho, zezona kanye ezenza le nkqubo imangalisayo ebizwa ngokuba yimemori yokuva.
Ngaba kufuneka ulumke ngememori ebukhali?
Inkumbulo yeemvakalelo yinxalenye yomzimba wethu. Ngenxa yoko, njengayo nayiphi na enye inxalenye yomzimba, inokonakala okanye ilahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wayo ngenxa yeemeko ezithile. Ingatshintsha ngenxa yokwaluphala, iimeko ezithile zemithambo-luvo, okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nenkumbulo yakho, ingakumbi ukukwazi kwakho ukukhumbula izinto, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho. Angakuhlola aze akuthumele kwingcali ukuze ufumane unyango olongezelelweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkumbulo yeemvakalelo yingqokelela yolwazi malunga nendawo esikuyo esilufumana kwiimvakalelo zethu ezintlanu kangangemizuzwana embalwa.
- Kukho iintlobo ezi-5 eziphambili zale nto: umbono (Iconic), ukuva (Echoic), ukuchukumisa (Haptic), ukungcamla (Gustatory), kunye nevumba (Olfactory).
- Nangona amandla ale nkumbulo makhulu kakhulu, ulwazi luhlala ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, njengemizuzwana embalwa.
- Le nkumbulo ibalulekileyo ibalulekile ekuthinteleni ubuchopho bethu ukuba bungagcwali kakhulu ngolwazi olungeyomfuneko kwaye sikhethe kuphela izinto ezibalulekileyo size sizithumele kwinkumbulo yexesha elifutshane.
- Ukuba uneengxaki okanye iinkxalabo malunga nenkumbulo yakho, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo.
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