Mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba xa ilungu elingaphakathi esifubeni sakho, njengentliziyo okanye imiphunga yakho, ligula, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka utyando ukuze ulinyange. Ngoko ke, ngexesha elinjalo, ugqirha kufuneka angene esifubeni sakho aze ajonge elo lungu, alihlole, okanye asuse inxalenye yalo. Olunye uhlobo oluphambili lotyando olwenziwa ngolu hlobo lwento yinto esithetha ngayo namhlanje, i-thoracotomy.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-thoracotomy?
I-thoracotomy yinkqubo yotyando apho ugqirha otyandayo esenza i-incision phakathi kweembambo zakho ezimbini ukuze avule umngxuma wesifuba sakho. Oku kuvula isifuba kwaye kuvumela ugqirha ukuba ajonge ngqo, achukumise, ahlole, kwaye anyange amalungu angaphakathi.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba kufuneka unyange ilungu elifana nentliziyo yakho, i-aorta, i-esophagus, imiphunga, okanye i-trachea. Ngamanye amaxesha olu tyando lukwasetyenziselwa ukufikelela ngaphambili komqolo.
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwicala lasekhohlo okanye lasekunene lesifuba. Oku kuxhomekeke kwicala lesitho ekufuneka sinyangwe. Kwezinye iimeko, ubambo lunokufuneka luphulwe okanye lususwe. Olu tyando lwenziwa ukusuka esifubeni ukuya ngasemva phantsi kwekhwapha. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yotyando luxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziwayo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "lutyando oluvulekileyo."
Kutheni umntu engathanda ukwenza olu hlobo lotyando?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kwenziwe i-thoracotomy. Ngamanye amaxesha, yenziwa ukuze kususwe isiqwenga sethishu ukuze kuhlolwe, esibizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy, ukuze kuchongwe unobangela wesifo. Ikwasetyenziswa njengonyango lwesifo.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu eziphambili zolu tyando.
| Isizathu sotyando | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Biopsy yokuxilonga isifo semiphunga | Ukuze ufumane kanye kanye ingxaki ngemiphunga, thatha iqhekeza lesicwili uze ulihlolisise. |
| Ukususwa komhlaza wemiphunga | Susa ithumba elinomhlaza okanye inxalenye yomphunga. |
| Iimeko zentliziyo | Nyanga iingxaki ezithile entliziyweni okanye kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu enxulumene noko. |
| Iingxaki zeDiaphragm | Nyanga iingxaki ezithile kwi-diaphragm eyahlula isifuba nesisu. |
| I-Pneumothorax | Nyanga ukuvuza komoya emiphungeni uze ungcoliseke. |
| I-Tamponade yentliziyo | Ukuba ulwelo luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo kwaye lubeka uxinzelelo entliziyweni, lususe. |
| Izifo zomqala | Nyanga umhlaza womqala okanye ezinye izifo. |
| Ukuphuma kwePleural | Xa kukho ulwelo oluqokelelene emiphungeni, ingakumbi xa kukho usulelo, susa ulwelo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Olu lutyando olukhulu kwaye kuya kufuneka ube phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ube sempilweni entle ukuze ukwazi ukunyamezela olu hlobo lwe-anesthesia. Iqela lezonyango liza kukucebisa ngexesha lokuyeka ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
Kubalulekile ukuxelela iqela lakho lezempilo malunga namayeza, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ozithathayo, kwanalawo onokuwathenga kwikhawuntara kwikhemesti. Amanye amayeza, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi,Uya kucetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza kwangethuba kunabanye.
Ukuba ungumntu otyandayo ngaphandle kongxamiseko, oogqirha baya kukucebisa ukuba uyeke .
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngexesha lotyando, iqela lotyando liza kukujika liye kwicala elifanelekileyo, libeke ingalo enye phezu kwentloko yakho kwisibambo esikhethekileyo, kwaye lixhase enye ingalo negxalaba lakho ngengubo egoqiweyo.
Ingcali yakho yokubulala iintlungu yingcali yotyando lwesifuba. Ingenza inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- "single lung ventilation." Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukuvala okwethutyana umphunga kwicala otyandwayo kulo, okukuvumela ukuba uphefumle kuphela ngomnye umphunga. Oku kunika ugqirha indawo engakumbi yotyando.
Ugqirha emva koko wenza i-incision phakathi kweembambo ezimbini. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, imbambo ingaqhekeka okanye yahlulwe. Isixhobo esikhethekileyo esisebenzisa ubushushu ukungena kwiimisipha nakwezinye izicubu singasetyenziswa. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (ii-retractors kunye nee-rib spreaders) emva koko zifakwa ukuze kudalwe indawo ngaphakathi esifubeni ukuze kubonwe kwaye kunyangwe amalungu omzimba.
Emva kokuba utyando lugqityiwe kwaye ukusika kuvaliwe, kufakwa ityhubhu yesifuba ukuvumela ulwelo nomoya oqokelelana ngaphakathi ukuba uphume.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeveki. Umbhobho wesifuba uya kuhlala ukhona kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngeli xesha, iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukukhuthaza ukuba ukhohlele, usebenzise isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuphefumla (i-incentive spirometer), kwaye uhambe kancinci ngoncedo . Ukwenza ezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze imiphunga yakho ibuyele esiqhelweni. Ziya kunceda nokulawula intlungu yakho.
Ukuba utyando lwakho lwenziwe ukuze kufunyanwe isifo, ugqirha uza kukuchazela aze akucebise ngento omawuyenze emva koko.
Zithini iingozi kunye neengxaki zolu tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezibandakanyekayo kwi-rhinoplasty. Makhe sizijonge kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Iingozi ezinxulumene notyando | |
|---|---|
| Iingozi zotyando ezikhawulezileyo | |
| Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia | Iimpendulo ezingalunganga zomzimba kwi-anesthesia jikelele. |
| Usulelo | Usulelo lwenxeba lotyando okanye ngaphakathi esifubeni. |
| Ukopha | Ukopha kakhulu ngexesha okanye emva kotyando. |
| Intlungu | Intlungu ebuhlungu ejikeleze i-incision yotyando kunye neembambo. |
| Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kamva | |
| Ukukrala kwemiphunga | Usulelo lokuphefumla emiphungeni (ukwanda komkhuhlane). |
| I-Atelectasis | Ukuwa kwenxalenye enye okanye ezingaphezulu zemiphunga. |
| I-post-thoracotomy pain syndrome | Intlungu ende ehlala iinyanga emva kotyando. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Ungatya ngendlela eqhelekileyo emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukutya ukutya okunefayibha eninzi ukuthintela ukuqhina. Ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba unciphise ulwelo, sela amanzi amaninzi.
Sela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu njengoko uyalelwe. Musa ukuyeka ukuphefumla nzulu ngenxa yentlungu. Ukwenza njalo kunokukhokelela kwi-pneumonia.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulawula iintlungu, ukuphefumla kakuhle, nokukhohlela. Oku kunokunceda kakhulu ekuthinteleni iingxaki zemiphunga.
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeveki. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbini ukubuyela emsebenzini emva kolu tyando. Buza iqela lakho lotyando ukuba ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi efana nokwenza isondo, ukuphakamisa iintsimbi, kunye nokudlala imidlalo.
Nokuba sele ubuyele ekhaya, kufuneka uqhubeke nokuziqhelanisa nokuphefumla nzulu, ukukhohlela, nokusebenzisa isixhobo sokulinganisa ubushushu. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nokuzilolonga iingalo namagxa akho.
Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uphinde ubonwe nini. Kodwa ngaphambi koko, ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha, ingakumbi ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane.
- Ukuba inxeba liqala ukopha kwakhona okanye ukuba ukhohlela igazi.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.
- Ukuba ubona ubomvu, ukudumba, okanye utshintsho kumbala wolusu kwindawo yokusikwa.
- Ukuba intlungu iba nzima ukuyilawula.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweThoracotomy, Sternotomy kunye neThoracostomy?
La magama mathathu afana kancinci, ngoko ke kunokudida. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Indawo kunye nenjongo yokusika |
|---|---|
| I-Thoracotomy | Inxeba lenziwa phakathi kweembambo ezimbini . Injongo kukuvula isifuba nokunyanga amalungu omzimba. |
| I-Sternotomy | Ukusika kwenziwa ngethambo lesifuba (sternum) eliphakathi kwesifuba. Eli thambo linqunyulwa kubini kwaye utyando lwenziwa. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kutyando lwentliziyo. |
| I-Thoracostomy | Kwenziwa umsike omncinci kakhulu kule nto. Injongo kukufaka umbhobho (ityhubhu yesifuba). Ngale mbhobho, amayeza anokunikwa okanye ulwelo/umoya oqokelelana emiphungeni ungasuswa. Olu sikeko luncinci kakhulu kunesikeko se-thoracotomy. |
Ingaba olu tyando lubuhlungu kakhulu?
Ewe, i-thoracotomy lutyando olubuhlungu. Yinyani leyo. Le ntlungu inokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla, nto leyo enokubangela iimeko ezifana ne-pneumonia okanye i-atelectasis.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Iqela lakho lezonyango lineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula le ntlungu. Iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu zomlomo, iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu ezifakwa emthanjeni, okanye i-epidural catheter ebekwe emqondweni wakho inokukunceda ukulawula intlungu yakho.
Ngamanye amaxesha le ntlungu inokuhlala ixesha elide. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, esithethe ngayo ngaphambili.
Okokugqibela, ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-thoracotomy, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa kakuhle naye malunga nesizathu sotyando kunye noko ungakulindela. Olu lutyando olukhulu. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza ukuba ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha, ingakumbi malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya ngaphambi kotyando, ukwenza umthambo wokuphefumla, kunye nokulawula iintlungu emva kotyando.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-thoracotomy lutyando olukhulu noluvulekileyo olwenziwa ngokusikwa esifubeni phakathi kweembambo.
- Oku kwenzelwa ukunyanga amalungu omzimba afana nemiphunga nentliziyo okanye ukuxilonga isifo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando, ingakumbi malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya.
- Emva kotyando, ukulawula iintlungu, ukukhohlela kakuhle, kunye nokuphefumla nzulu kubalulekile ukuthintela iingxaki zemiphunga.
- Ixesha lokuchacha linokuba lide. Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke yiba nomonde.
- Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezifana nomkhuhlane, intlungu eqatha, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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