Ukhathazekile ngokukhula kwengane yakho encane? Masingenelele kusenesikhathi! (Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi)

Sonke sifuna izingane zethu zikhule zijabule futhi ziphilile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, singase sibe nemibuzo emincane ngisho nokwesaba ngokukhula kwazo. "Ingabe ingane yami ayenzi izinto ngokushesha njengabanye?" "Ingabe inkulumo yayo ayiphuzile kancane?" Wake wacabanga ngalezi zinto? Uma kunjalo, namuhla sizokhuluma ngento ebaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukungenelela Kwasekuqaleni" engasiza . Lokhu kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yengane yakho.

Kuyini Ukungenelela Kwangaphambi Kwesikhathi? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kubhekisela ezinkonzweni ezikhethekile kanye nokusekelwa okunikezwa izingane ezincane (kusukela ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kuya eminyakeni engaba mithathu ubudala) ezinokulibaziseka kokukhula noma ukukhubazeka okuhlala njalo .

Manje ungase uzibuze, kuyini lokhu "ukubambezeleka kokukhula" kanye "nokukhubazeka okuhlala njalo"?

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula kwenzeka lapho ingane yakho yephuza kancane ukufinyelela izigaba ezithile zokukhula (njengokumomotheka, ukukhuluma, nokuhamba) uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izingane ezingontanga yayo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ingakwazi ukubhekana nalezi zinto ngosizo olufanele.
• Ukukhubazeka kokukhula kuyinto evame ukuhlala impilo yonke. Kungathinta ukunyakaza kwengane, ukufunda, ukuxhumana, noma ukuziphatha kwayo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izimo ezifana ne-autism noma i-ADHD.

Ngakho-ke, lezi zinsizakalo "zokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi" zizosiza ingane yakho encane ukuthuthukisa amakhono ayisisekelo. Cabanga ngezinto ezinjengalezi...

• Phenduka
• Ukukhasa
• Hamba ngezinyawo
• Yelula isandla sakho ukuze uthinte izinto.
• Funda izinto ezintsha, uxazulule izinkinga
• Khuluma, lalela.
• Qonda ukuthi abanye bathini.
• Dlala nabanye, yiba nobudlelwano nabantu.
• Yenza izinto zakho, njengokudla nokuzigqokisa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqala lezi zinsizakalo kusenesikhathi. Kungcono ukubahlola ngokushesha nje lapho wena noma udokotela ninokungabaza. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzonikeza ingane yakho amandla amakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amakhono ayidingayo esikoleni, emsebenzini, nasebudlelwaneni—ngamanye amazwi, kuzo zonke izici zokuphila.

Lezi zinsizakalo zingaqala nini eminyakeni emingaki? Ngingasiza ingane yami ngokushesha?

Lezi zinsizakalo "zokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi" zenzelwe izingane kusukela ekuzalweni kuya eminyakeni emi-3 ubudala . Kwamanye amazwe, lokhu kungaqhubeka kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Cabanga nje, uma odokotela bethola isimo esithinta ukukhula kwengane yakho (njengezinye "izifo zofuzo") lapho izalwa, bazokudlulisela ngokushesha ezinhlelweni ezifanele "zokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi".

Kodwa lezi zinto azibonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uzalwa. Udokotela wakho wezingane angase aqaphele lokhu kubambezeleka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwenyanga. Angase akuthumele kulezi zinsizakalo.

Kodwa, uma uzizwa sengathi kukhona okungahambi kahle, ungalindi kuze kube usuku ozobonana nodokotela. Lalela isisu sakho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nokubambezeleka kokukhula noma ukukhubazeka, shayela udokotela wezingane ngokushesha bese umtshela lokho okubonayo. Kusukela lapho, bazokuqondisa.

Ubani ohlinzeka ngalezi Zinkonzo Zokungenelela Kwasekuqaleni? Singazitholaphi?

Lokhu kungahluka kancane kuye ngezwe. Isibonelo, emazweni afana ne-United States, uhulumeni uhlinzeka ngalezi zinsizakalo "zokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi".

ESri Lanka, umuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakuqondisa esimweni esinjalo udokotela wakho wezingane. Angakudlulisela kochwepheshe abafanele (isib., abelaphi bezinkulumo, ochwepheshe be-physiotherapists) kanye nezikhungo kuye ngesimo sengane yakho. Izibhedlela ezinkulu zikahulumeni zingase zibe nemitholampilo yalokhu, futhi kunezindawo emkhakheni ozimele ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezikhethekile zalokhu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane ngalokhu.

Uma ingane yakho idinga ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-3, ​​ungase ufanelekele nezinsizakalo zemfundo ekhethekile . Ungathola okwengeziwe ngalokhu kudokotela wakho noma esikoleni sendawo.

Yiziphi izibonelo zezinsizakalo zokungenelela kusenesikhathi?

Lezi zinsizakalo zingahluka kusuka enganeni kuya enganeni, njengoba izidingo zabo bonke abantu zingafani. Zisiza kakhulu ngezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ngokukhuluma nokuxhumana: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kolimi lokukhuluma.
• Ngezinkinga zokuzwa: Izinsizakalo ze-Audiology zingasiza ngalokhu.
• Ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke (isib., ukuqoqa amathoyizi, ukudla wedwa): Ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kungasiza ngalokhu.
• Ngokuphathelene nokunyakaza okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, nokugxuma: Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuthuthukisa la makhono.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kungase kube nezinye izinsizakalo ezitholakalayo kuye ngezidingo ezithile zengane yakho. Ezinye izinsizakalo zenzelwe ukufundisa wena namanye amalungu omndeni ukuthi ningayisekela kanjani ingane yakho kangcono.

Ingane ifanelekela kanjani lezi zinsizakalo?

Uma ochwepheshe bethola ukuthi ingane yakho inokukhubazeka noma ukubambezeleka kokukhula, ingase ifanelekele lezi zinsizakalo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ingane yakho itholakala kusenesikhathi inesimo esaziwa ukuthi sibangela ukubambezeleka kokukhula, ingase ifanelekele lezi zinsizakalo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Udokotela wezingane angakutshela ngalokhu.

Uma kungekho ukuxilongwa okuqondile, ingane ifakwa enkambisweni yokuhlola. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka:

1. Okokuqala, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho wezingane ngalokhu. Uzokudlulisela kochwepheshe abadingekayo.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingane yakho izohlolwa ngochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ezindaweni ezahlukene zokukhula kwengane (isib., inkulumo nolimi, ukuzwa, ukubona, ukunyakaza). Bazohlanganyela emisebenzini yomuntu ngamunye nengane yakho futhi baqaphele ukuthi ingane yakho isabela kanjani.

3. Uzokwaziswa ngemiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa. Bazokuchazela ukuthi ingane yakho iyafaneleka yini ukuthola izinsizakalo Zokungenelela Kwangaphambi Kwesikhathi nokuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini. Uma ingane yakho ifaneleka, uzodlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.

4. Okulandelayo, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okujulile ukuze kutholakale izidingo ezithile zengane nokuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ezingayisiza. Kulokhu, ochwepheshe babheka ingane futhi babuze imibuzo kuwe nomndeni wakho.

5. Okokugcina, wena kanye nethimba lochwepheshe nizosebenzisana ukudala i-Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) yengane yakho. Lokhu kufana nemephu yomgwaqo. Kuchaza ngokucacile izidingo zengane yakho, izinsizakalo ezizozithola, kanye nemigomo eziyilindele kulezo zinsizakalo.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuba lolu hlelo olukhethekile (i-IFSP) seludaliwe?

Uma i-IFSP isisunguliwe, ingane yakho izoqala ukuthola izinsizakalo njengoba kuchaziwe ohlelweni. Umxhumanisi Wezinsizakalo noma udokotela/uchwepheshe wakho wezokwelapha oyinhloko uzobe ekhona ukukuqondisa kukho konke lokhu futhi aphendule imibuzo yakho.

I-IFSP ibuyekezwa cishe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, futhi ibuyekezwa minyaka yonke (noma ngokushesha uma kudingeka) ukuze ibuyekeze uhlelo njengoba izidingo zengane zishintsha.

Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane yakho ibe neminyaka emi-3, kwakhiwa "uHlelo Lokushintsha" lwalokho okuzokwenzeka ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ingane yakho ingaqhubeka nokuthola izinsizakalo zemfundo ezifana nokuthi "Ukungenelela Kwasekuqaleni" kuze kube yilapho ineminyaka emi-5 ubudala (lolu uhlelo olutholakala kwamanye amazwe).
• Ingane yakho ingase ifanelekele izinsizakalo zemfundo ekhethekile ngesikole sendawo.
• Ingane ingase ingasadingi ezinye izinsizakalo.

Ngingamsiza kanjani ingane yami ekhaya?

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukusiza ekukhuleni kwengane yakho. Ochwepheshe bengane yakho bazokunikeza iseluleko esihle ngalokhu. Kodwa khumbula, kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola uchwepheshe. Okwamanje, ungazizwa ungenalusizo, akunjalo?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane zakho bese ubuza ukuthi yiziphi izinto ongazenza ekhaya ukusiza ingane yakho. Ngokuvamile, ungahlala uxhumene nengane yakho ngokwenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukufundela ingane yakho izincwadi.
• Ukucula izingoma.
• Ukuvumela ingane ukuthi ithinte futhi idlale ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathoyizi.
• Ukubonisa izinto ezithakazelisayo ezingadonsa ukunaka kwengane.
• Ukuqamba nokuchaza izinto ezisizungezile.
• Ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngalokho okwenzekayo ngaleso sikhathi.

Kungcono ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngangokunokwenzeka futhi nihlanganyele emisebenzini yomuntu ngamunye. Ngisho noma ingane yakho ibonakala ingenasithakazelo ngezinye izikhathi, isafunda ngakho konke okuzungezile ngendlela yayo ehlukile. Ochwepheshe bakho bangakusiza uqonde ukuthi kungani lokhu kusebenzisana kubaluleke kangaka nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi ezofanelana kahle nezidingo zengane yakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Siphila ezweni elisheshayo. Umphakathi uyakwazisa ukuba ngowokuqala futhi ongcono kakhulu kukho konke. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho idlula ezigabeni zokukhula kancane kunabanye, ungase ukhathazeke ngekusasa layo. "Ingabe izokwazi ukwenza kahle esikoleni? Izothola hlobo luni lomsebenzi?" Imibuzo eyinkulungwane efana nale ingase ifike engqondweni.

Kodwa khumbula, asikwazi ukubikezela noma yimuphi umntwana, ngoba ingane ngayinye ikhula ngesivinini sayo. Futhi, khumbula ukuthi ochwepheshe "bokungenelela kwasekuqaleni" banolwazi nezinsiza zokuya endaweni yengane yakho futhi bayinike usizo eludingayo. Ochwepheshe bangasiza ingane yakho ithuthukise lawa makhono ngesivinini sayo. Futhi bazokufundisa futhi bakusekele - ngoba phela, unguthisha wokuqala nobaluleke kakhulu wengane yakho.

Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ngokukhula kwengane yakho, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane zakho. Futhi, ungangabazi ukubheka izinhlelo zokungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi endaweni yakini. Lapho uqoqa ulwazi olwengeziwe, kulapho uzobe uqiniseka khona kakhulu ekuhleleni indlela yakho eya phambili. Khumbula, awuwedwa, futhi baningi abantu abangakusiza!

Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi , intuthuko yengane, ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko, ukukhubazeka, impilo yengane, ukwelashwa ngenkulumo, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba