Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokushaqeka lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi "ibhokisi lakho lezwi" noma i-larynx kudingeka lisuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho, njengokuthi "Kuzokwenzekani ngezwi lami?" nokuthi "Ngeke ngiphinde ngikwazi ukukhuluma?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngisho noma lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okukhulu, usengaphila kahle futhi ukhulume ngezindlela ezintsha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-Laryngectomy kalula nangokucacile.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Laryngectomy?
Ukususwa kwe-laryngectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa ingxenye noma yonke i-larynx yakho. Abanye abantu bayibiza nangokuthi "ibhokisi lezwi." I-larynx yakho itholakala ngaphezu kwe-trachea yakho. Yilapho umlomo wakho, impumulo, namaphaphu kuhlangana khona. I-larynx ibalulekile ekuphefumuleni, ekugwinyeni nasekukhulumeni.
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kungani kufanele kususwe lokhu?" Udokotela wakho uzoncoma lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa kuphela uma i-larynx yakho yonakele kakhulu noma inesimo sezempilo.
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Umdlavuza we-laryngeal: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezimweni zomdlavuza we-larynx.
- Umonakalo ongeke uguqulwe: Ngenxa yomonakalo omkhulu, ongenakuguqulwa ku-larynx obangelwe yingozi enkulu noma esinye isizathu.
Ngezinye izikhathi kususwa ingxenye kuphela ye-larynx. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-partial laryngectomy. Ngezinye izikhathi, yonke i-larynx kufanele isuswe. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-total laryngectomy.
Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akusavamile manje kunakuqala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi bayekile ukubhema futhi sekuthuthukiswe izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha umdlavuza ngaphandle kokususa i-larynx.
Yini okufanele siyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga kahle futhi angase acele nezinye izivivinyo eziningana.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola isimo samaphaphu akho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG: Bona ukuthi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo linjani.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola impilo yomzimba jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka ubone ochwepheshe abaningana. Isibonelo, isazi sezifo zolimi lokukhuluma (SLP) kanye nochwepheshe wokugwinya. Bazokusiza ukuthi ujwayele impilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa futhi ufunde ukukhuluma futhi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kuhlangana kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Uma ubhema, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi uyeke. Uzothola nethuba lokukhuluma nodokotela wezokudla ukuze akusize uhlele ukudla kwakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile. Bazokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Bazokutshela nokuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza ngobusuku obandulele.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Uzohlala ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia phakathi nokuhlinzwa, okusho ukuthi ngeke uzizwe lutho futhi uzobe ulele. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Okokuqala, kwenziwa i-incision encane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho.
2. Ukususwa kwe-larynx: I-larynx yakho (ibhokisi lezwi) izobe isisuswa. Kungase kuhilele ukususa yonke noma ingxenye yayo, okuhlanganisa nezintambo zezwi. Kungase kuhilele nokususa ama-lymph node aseduze noma izingxenye zezicubu zomphimbo.
3. Ukudala i-Stoma: Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma i-larynx yakho isusiwe, awukwazi ukuphefumula ngekhala lakho njengoba ubukwenza. Ngakho-ke, kwakheka imbobo encane entanyeni yakho ukuze kudalwe indlela entsha yokuphefumula . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Stoma . Kufakwa ithubhu elincane kule stoma.
4. I-Voice Prosthesis (kuphela uma kudingeka): Lokhu kwenziwa nakwabanye abantu. Kwenziwa imbobo encane phakathi komphimbo womoya kanye nomphimbo, bese kufakwa ithuluzi elincane ukuze kusizwe ekukhulumeni.
5. Ukuvala i-incision: Ekugcineni, i-incision eyenziwe entanyeni ivalwa kahle ngezitishi.
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, uzondliwa ngepayipi lokuncelisa . Uma ithimba lezokwelapha seliqinisekile ukuthi ungagwinya ngokuphephile, lizokusiza ukuthi udle ngomlomo.
Khumbula, konke lokhu kungenxa yempilo yakho nokuphepha kwakho. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizohlala nawe lichaze konke.
Kunezingozi ezihilelekile kunoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezinkinga ezingase zenzeke phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa yilezi:
- Ukulimala kwezitho ezizungezile njenge-trachea noma i-larynx.
- Ama-Fistula, okuyizimbobo ezingavamile phakathi komphimbo nesikhumba.
- Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe entanyeni noma ehlombe.
- Ukwehla komsebenzi we-thyroid.
- Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-stoma (isib. izifo, ukucasuka kwesikhumba) kanye nobunzima bokuyinakekela.
- Ubunzima bokudla, ukugwinya, nokukhuluma ezigabeni zokuqala.
Iningi labantu lithatha cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ukululama ngokuphelele kulokhu kuhlinzwa, kodwa lokhu kungahluka kuye ngesimo sakho somzimba kanye nohlobo lokuhlinzwa.
Ukhuluma kanjani futhi ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Lena yinkinga enkulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Uma i-larynx yakho kanye ne-vocal cords zisusiwe, ulahlekelwa yizwi lakho. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukukhuluma futhi. Ungaxhumana futhi nakanjani. Kufanele nje ufunde izindlela ezintsha zokukwenza. Uchwepheshe wakho wezokukhuluma (SLP) uzoba umsizi wakho omkhulu kulolu hambo.
Nazi ezinye izindlela namathuluzi abalulekile okuzokusiza ukuthi ukhulume:
| Indlela / Ithuluzi | Kalula nje, |
|---|---|
| I-Prosthesis Yezwi | Lesi yithuluzi elincane elilingana ne-stoma yakho. Uma uvala i-stoma ngomunwe wakho, umoya ovela emaphashini akho udlula kule divayisi uye emphinjeni wakho, udale umsindo ofana nezwi. Izwi eliphumayo lifana kakhulu nezwi elivamile. |
| I-Electrolarynx | Lena idivayisi encane kagesi oyigqoka entanyeni yakho. Ithumela ukudlidliza emphinjeni wakho nasemlonyeni wakho, lapho kuguqulwa khona kube amagama. Nakuba izwi elilikhiphayo lingase lizwakale lifana nerobhothi, kulula kakhulu ukulifunda ukulisebenzisa. |
| Inkulumo Yesisu | Lena indlela yokukhuluma ngaphandle kwezinsimbi zomculo. Okwenzayo lapha ukufaka umoya omncane emphinjeni wakho bese uwukhulula kancane bese ulawulwa ukuze wenze umsindo. Lokhu kudinga ukujwayela, kodwa uma usuyingcweti le ndlela, ngeke udinge zinsimbi zomculo. |
| Ukuxhumana okungenamagama | Ngesikhathi ufunda ukukhuluma, ungasebenzisa ezinye izindlela. Isibonelo, ukuthayipha efonini noma kuthebhulethi yakho, ukusebenzisa izandla kanye nesimo sobuso, kanye nokubhala. |
Kunini lapho udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela?
Uma ufika ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, naka isimo sakho. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:
- Imfiva
- Ukuphuma kobomvu endaweni yomthungo
- Ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka (ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu)
Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula , kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Shayela i-1990 (Suvaseriya) Ambulance Service ngokushesha, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukususwa kwe-laryngectomy akulula. Ungase uzizwe wesaba, uthukuthele, futhi uphelelwe yithemba. Ungayigcini le mizwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nomndeni wakho ngakho. Bangakusiza. Futhi, ukufuna usizo kumeluleki nokujoyina iqembu lokusekela nabantu abaye badlula entweni efanayo nawe ongakusiza ngayo. Lapho ufunda okwengeziwe ngalesi simo, kulapho uzoba nesibindi esikhulu sokubhekana naso.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laryngectomy kuyindlela enkulu, esindisa impilo esusa i-larynx.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ujwayele ukuphefumula ngendlela entsha ngembobo ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-stoma' edalwe entanyeni yakho.
- Ngisho noma ulahlekelwa yizwi lakho, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulume futhi uxoxe ngezindlela eziningana ezintsha ngosizo lochwepheshe wezokukhuluma.
- Ungahambi wedwa kulolu hambo. Thola ukwesekwa yithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabeluleki.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela njengoba ululama futhi ujwayela impilo yakho entsha.
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