Wake waphawula ukuthi abanye abantu banembobo phakathi kwesifuba sabo? Mhlawumbe wena noma ingane yakho inalokhu. Kungaba yinto engakhululekile futhi ehlazisayo uma ugqoka i-T-shirt, ikakhulukazi uma uya echibini lokubhukuda. Futhi, ingabe uzizwa sengathi unobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula futhi ukhathala ngokushesha uma ugijima udlala? Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Pectus Excavatum . Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho konke, kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini iPectus Excavatum?
Kulula kakhulu. Ithambo eliyisicaba eliphakathi kwesifuba sethu libizwa ngokuthi i-sternum. Yithambo eliqinile eliphakathi kwesifuba ongalizwa uma ulithinta. Esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Pectus Excavatum , leli thambo lesifuba aliphumi ngaphandle, kodwa kunalokho likhula ngendlela engavamile esifubeni. Licwila esifubeni njenge-funnel. Yingakho abanye abantu besibiza ngokuthi "isifuba se-funnel."
Uma i-sternum ingena ngaphakathi, izimbambo ezine noma ezinhlanu ezinamathele kuyo zidonswa ngaphakathi nhlangothi zombili. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lesikhala ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Lokhu kunganciphisa isikhala inhliziyo namaphaphu ethu anaso ukuze asebenze ngokukhululeka.
Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa . Okusho ukuthi, umuntu uzalwa enalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, asibonakali lapho ezalwa. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kufiphala kwesifuba kubonakala kakhulu lapho ingane ikhula kancane, ikakhulukazi cishe eminyakeni eyi-12-14, lapho umzimba ukhula ngokushesha.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthi kuvame kangakanani, kuthinta cishe ingane eyodwa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili kweziyi-1,000. Kuvame kakhulu nakubafana kunamantombazane.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Izimpawu zePectus Excavatum zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili. Esinye ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba, kanti esinye umphumela wengqondo. Zombili lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Incazelo nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zomzimba |
|
| Izimpawu zengqondo |
|
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, ungakugcini kuwe. Akulona iphutha lakho. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela?
Imbangela eqondile yePectus Excavatum kubantu abaningi ayikatholakali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka nje ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo kuye kwahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi izifo ezithinta izicubu zomzimba. Isibonelo:
- I-Marfan syndrome
- I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Lezi yizifo zofuzo. Ngakho-ke uma unalolu hlobo lwesifo, usengozini yokuthola i-Pectus Excavatum.
Ingabe lokhu kuyinto evela ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane?
Abacwaningi abakayitholi i-gene ethile ebangela i-Pectus Excavatum. Kodwa-ke, basola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa i-genetic. Phakathi kuka-40% no-53% wabantu abane-Pectus Excavatum banelungu lomndeni (njengobaba noma umfowabo) elinalesi simo. Ngakho-ke uma othile emndenini wakho enaso, nawe unethuba elikhulu lokusithola.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Akuvamile ukuthi kube nzima kangako ukuxilonga. Uma uya kudokotela, bangakuxilonga ngokuhlolwa okulula ngokomzimba . Udokotela uzokwazi ukubona lesi sitho lapho ehlola isifuba sakho.
Kodwa-ke, ukuze azi kahle ukuthi lesi simo siyithinte kangakanani inhliziyo namaphaphu akho, udokotela uzoncoma ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.
Yiziphi lezo zivivinyo?
- I-CT scan yesifuba (i-Computed Tomography) noma i-MRI scan (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lezi ziskeni zingathatha izithombe ezinezici ezintathu zengaphakathi lesifuba. Lokhu kungalinganisa ngokunembile ukuthi i-sternum ishone kangakanani nokuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu kucindezelwe kangakanani.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba kwenhliziyo namaphaphu: Lokhu kuhilela ukukugijimisa ku-treadmill ukuze ubone ukuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani nokuzivocavoca.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Lokhu kuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kuyasiza ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani kanye nesimo sama-valve (njenge-mitral valve prolapse).
- Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwamaphaphu (ama-PFT): Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho angangena futhi aphume kangakanani emoyeni, okunikeza umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
Ngemva kokwenza zonke lezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa noma cha.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Ingabe azelapheki?
Kungenzeka ngempela! Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kulokhu. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa ezisetshenziswayo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa ukubuyisela i-sternum eguquliwe endaweni yayo efanele, okungukuthi, ngaphandle.
Kuzo zombili lezi zihlinzeko:
- Kunciphisa ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni nasemaphashini akho, okukuvumela ukuthi usebenze kangcono.
- Kubuyisela ukubukeka kwesifuba sakho.
Uma unezimpawu zomzimba (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba), noma uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwakho, ukuhlinzwa kungaba yisisombululo esingcono kakhulu.
Ubudala obuhle kakhulu bokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa bubhekwa njengobuphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 neyi-14. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuleyo minyaka, amathambo kanye ne-cartilage yesifuba kusaguquguquka. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kulula ukukwenza futhi imiphumela iphumelela kakhulu.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zinqubo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Indlela yokukwenza |
|---|---|
| Inqubo ye-Nuss (Ukuhlinzwa okungenasidingo kangako) | Lena yindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla. Akukho ukusikwa okukhulu.
|
| Inqubo yeRavitch (Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile) | Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa evulekile yendabuko.
|
Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokuhlola bese enquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukulungele.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Ingabe ubuhlungu bukhulu?
Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abayesabayo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi ngenxa yezindlela zesimanje zokulawula ubuhlungu, ubuhlungu bangemva kokuhlinzwa buncane kakhulu kanti isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje i -cryoablation .
Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukuqandisa okwesikhashana imizwa ethwala ubuhlungu esifubeni (phakathi kwezimbambo) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kufana nokufaka izinsini zakho enkingeni ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwezinyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzizwe ubuhlungu obukhulu izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngenxa yale ndlela:
- Ngeke kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezi-5-7 njengoba ubuvame ukwenza. Ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olulandela ukuhlinzwa.
- Ngeke kudingeke uthembele kuma-painkiller anamandla (ama-opioid) ukuze uthole ubuhlungu obufana nobangaphambili.
- Esikhathini esidlule, ingane efunda esikoleni kwakudingeka ihlinzwe lokhu ngesikhathi samaholide esikole ngoba kuthatha cishe inyanga ukuphulukiswa. Kodwa manje ingabuyela esikoleni emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Ngakho-ke, asikho isizathu sokwesaba ukuhlinzwa.
Eminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Uma ngingahlinzwa, ingabe lesi simo sizoba sibi kakhulu njengoba ngikhula?
Ukuqina kwesifuba akukubi njengoba siguga. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukusebenza okuvamile kwemizimba yethu kuncipha njengoba siguga, singase siqale ukuzwa izimpawu ezengeziwe (ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala) okubangelwa ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni nasemaphashini ethu.
Ingabe isikhathi sami sokuphila sizofinyezwa uma ngingahlinzwa? Ingabe kuzoba nomonakalo ongapheli enhliziyweni nasemaphashini ami?
Cha. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-Pectus Excavatum inciphisa isikhathi sokuphila komuntu noma ibangela umonakalo ohlala njalo enhliziyweni noma emaphashini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, izimpawu zingaba nzima kakhulu ukuphila nazo.
Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lokhu?
Njengoba imbangela eqondile yalokhu ingaziwa, ayikho indlela yokukuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeki.
Ngingabuyela nini emisebenzini evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Kuzodingeka uphumule isikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma ubuhlungu sebuphelile, ungaqala ukuhamba nokugijima kancane. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi ungaqala nini ukuphakamisa izinsimbi nokudlala imidlalo futhi. Ngokuvamile, ingane efunda esikoleni ingabuyela esikoleni emavikini ama-2-3.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungacindezeleki ngesimo somzimba wakho. Uma othile ekutshela ukuthi kuyinkinga yobuhle nje, ungakwamukeli. Ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo okuzwayo kungokoqobo. Ngakho khuluma nodokotela ngakho ngokukhululekile bese uthola usizo oludingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pectus Excavatum yisimo lapho ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba (sternum) lishona ngaphakathi. Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa.
- Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu zomzimba ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya nokukhathala, kanye namahloni nokucindezeleka kwengqondo okuhlobene nokubukeka.
- Udokotela angakuxilonga lokhu ngokuhlola okulula. Lesi simo singaqinisekiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-CT noma i-MRI scan.
- Lesi simo singalungiswa ngempumelelo enkulu ngokuhlinzwa (inqubo ye-Nuss noma i-Ravitch).
- Ngenxa yezindlela zesimanje zokulawula ubuhlungu (njenge-Cryoablation), ukuhlinzwa akusebuhlungu kakhulu futhi isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninalesi simo, ningesabi noma nibe namahloni. Bheka udokotela ofanelekayo ukuze uthole iseluleko.
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