Wake wahlolwa igazi? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho wabheka umbiko wakho wegazi wathi, "Ake sibonise lokhu kuchwepheshe wegazi," futhi ungase uzibuze, "Ungubani lowo? Uhlobo luni lomuntu?" Yilapho-ke sizohlangana khona nodokotela wegazi, udokotela ochwepheshe bezifo zegazi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungubani udokotela wegazi, ukuthi benzani, nokuthi ungathanda nini ukubona omunye.
Kalula nje, ubani lo dokotela wezifo zegazi?
Isazi segazi ngudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezifweni ezihlobene negazi lakho , umongo wamathambo, kanye nohlelo lwe-lymphatic . Cabanga ngegazi emizimbeni yethu njengemigwaqo ehamba ezweni lonke. Isazi segazi ngumuntu ogxile kunoma iyiphi inkinga engase ivele, njengenkinga ngezimoto (amangqamuzana egazi) ezihamba kule migwaqo, noma ukuvaleka (ukugoba kwegazi) emgwaqweni.
Laba odokotela bachitha iminyaka eminingana befunda lesi sihloko ngokujulile ngemva kweziqu zabo zezokwelapha ezijwayelekile. Lokho kusho ukuthi banemfundo nokuqeqeshwa okungenani iminyaka engu-9 kwezokwelapha. Abanye basebenza ezibhedlela nasemakliniki. Abanye basebenza emalabhorethri. Sibabiza ngokuthi "odokotela begazi." Abakwenzayo ukuhlola igazi nezicubu zakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope bese besebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuze bathole izifo ngokunembile.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho uthunyelwa khona ku-Hematologist?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela womndeni wakho (udokotela wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko) uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe onjengalona. Kunezimo noma izimpawu ezahlukahlukene zezokwelapha ezingabangela lokhu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Lokhu kuyimbangela evame kakhulu. Kalula nje, ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazini. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala kanye nokuphaphatheka. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) | Amahlule egazi akheka emithanjeni ejulile yomzimba, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni. Lokhu kungaba yingozi. |
| Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi (i-Leukemia, i-Lymphoma, i-Multiple Myeloma) | Umdlavuza owenzeka emnkantsheni wamathambo, kuma-lymph node, noma kumaseli amhlophe egazi. |
| I-Sepsis | Impendulo eyingozi kakhulu neyingozi yomzimba ekuthelelekeni. Lokhu kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. |
| I-Hemophilia | Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ufuzo. Isimo lapho ukopha kungayeki ngisho nasenxebeni elincane. |
| Isifo se-sickle cell | Kuyisifo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo lapho isimo samaseli abomvu egazi sishintsha khona futhi angasebenzi kahle. |
Khumbula, uma uzizwa sengathi unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi bese ubona udokotela womndeni wakho kuqala. Uzonquma ukuthi udinga yini ukudluliselwa kuchwepheshe noma cha.
Yiziphi izivivinyo kanye nokwelashwa okuyinhloko okwenziwa yi-hematologist?
Laba odokotela baxilonga futhi belapha izifo. Lezi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko abazenzayo.
| Ukuhlolwa / Ukwelashwa | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Inani Eliphelele Legazi (FBC) | Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola oluvame kakhulu. Luhlola inani nesimo sazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli egazini lakho: amaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. |
| Ukuhlolwa kokujiya kwegazi (Isikhathi se-Prothrombin - PT) | Ihlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuphazamiseka kokopha noma ukuqina kwegazi, futhi ingahlola nokuthi imithi oyiphuzayo isebenza kahle yini. |
| Ukumpontshelwa Igazi | Ukumpontshelwa igazi elinempilo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo igazi elilahlekile emzimbeni wakho ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ingozi, noma ukugula. |
| Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali | Ukwelashwa okunikezwa iziguli ezinomdlavuza. Amakhemikhali anikezwa umzimba ukuze abhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhula ngokushesha. Lokhu kwenziwa yi-Hematologist-Oncologist. |
| Ukufakelwa Komnkantsha Wamathambo | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell. Umnkantsha wethambo onesifo ushintshwa ngama-stem cell aphilile (kungaba awakho noma avela kumnikeli). |
| Ukwelashwa Kokuhlanzwa Kwesisu | Indlela yokwelapha ebhubhisa izicubu ezonakele kusetshenziswa ukushisa, ukubanda okukhulu, imisebe ye-laser, noma amakhemikhali. |
Kwenzekani uma uya kudokotela?
Ungase ungabonani njalo nodokotela we-hematologist ubuso nobuso. Bavame ukusebenza ngokubambisana nodokotela womndeni wakho, udokotela wezingane, noma udokotela we-oncologist. Bahlaziya imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho, baqaphe isimo sakho, futhi banikeze iseluleko esidingekayo.
- Umuntu othatha isampula yegazi lakho ngokuvamile uchwepheshe webhulokhi.
- Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje kuphela ukukhipha igazi, kodwa kungathatha izinsuku eziningana ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibuye.
- Uma unesifo segazi esihlala isikhathi eside njenge-hemophilia, kuzodingeka ubonane nodokotela wegazi njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isazi segazi ngudokotela ogxile ezifweni ezihlobene negazi, umongo wamathambo kanye nohlelo lwe-lymphatic.
- Udokotela wakho womndeni ngokuvamile nguyena okudlulisela kulolu hlobo lochwepheshe. Ungazenzeli izinqumo zakho ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho ku-inthanethi.
- Laba odokotela baxilonga futhi belapha izimo ezifana ne-anemia, ukujiya kwegazi, kanye nomdlavuza wegazi.
- Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo ecacile mayelana nesimo sakho, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokwelashwa. Ithimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo likhona ukukusiza.
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