Super messenger a ɔwɔ w’akyi berɛmo mu: Momma yensua akyi berɛmo no ho ade.

So woasusuw sɛnea nkrasɛm fi w’amemene mu kɔ wo nipadua nyinaa mu, a wo akwaa nso ka ho, ne sɛnea nsɛm a efi wo nipadua mu san kɔ w’amemene mu no ho pɛn? Eyi nyinaa nam nhyehyɛe bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa yiye, a ɛho hia yiye so na ɛba. Akyi berɛmo yɛ saa nhyehyɛe no fã titiriw. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka nea saa akyi berɛmo yi yɛ, nea ɛto so, ne sɛnea wɔhwɛ so ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne akyi berɛmo? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: akyi berɛmo no yɛ ade a ɛte sɛ afiri a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a ɛware kakra a efi w’akyi berɛmo mu, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛka no yiye a, ɛkɔ w’akyi berɛmo mfinimfini. Efi ase wɔ w’amemene dua , a ɛyɛ w’amemene no fã a ɛba fam sen biara no so, na ɛkɔ fam kosi w’akyi ase nyinaa.

Ntini ne nkwammoaa na ɛwom . Ɛte sɛ nhama nketewa a wɔaboaboa ano a wɔaka abom. Saa ntini ahorow yi de nkrasɛm fi amemene no mu kɔ nipadua no fã a aka no mu, na ɛde nsɛm fi nipadua no mu san ba amemene no mu. Nokwarem no, akyi berɛmo yɛ wo ntini ahorow no fã titiriw a ɛho hia yiye .

Enti, dɛn na ɛto saa akyi berɛmo yi?

Adwuma titiriw a akyi berɛmo yɛ ne sɛ ɛde nkrasɛm bɛkɔ amemene no ne nipadua no fã a aka no ntam. Wɔfrɛ saa nkrasɛm yi anyinam ahoɔden nkrasɛm. Saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi na ɛma nneɛma pii a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu yɛ adwuma yiye. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Nipadua no kankan ne dwumadi ahorow a wobedi so:
• Sɛ wopɛ sɛ woma wo nsa so anaasɛ wotu nan bi a, nkrasɛm no fi amemene no mu kɔ abasa ne nan no mu fa saa akyi berɛmo yi mu.
• Ɛsan nso boa yɛn ma yɛdi nneɛma a ɛkɔ so ara kwa a yennwen ho, a wɔfrɛ no ``autonomic functions'' (sɛ nhwɛso no, wo koma bɔ, wo home). Ɛho nhia sɛ wususuw saa nneɛma yi ho, ɛnte saa? Wɔn nyinaa si ara kwa.

• Nkate ahorow a wɔbɔ ho amanneɛ kyerɛ amemene no:
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo den, wote ɛyaw, ɔhyew, anaa awɔw wɔ wo nipadua mu baabiara a, saa nkate ahorow no fa ntini a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo yi mu no mu kɔ amemene no mu. Ɛno na amemene no kyerɛ ase na ɛma wote nka.

• Reflexes a wɔhwɛ so:
• Reflexes yɛ nipadua mu mmuae a ɛba ara kwa a yensusuw ho mpo. Ebia woahu sɛ ɛba saa, sɛ oduruyɛfo bi de hama ketewaa bi bɔ wo kotodwe (patella) a, wo nan no huruw kɔ soro ara kwa. Ɛno yɛ reflex. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, akyi berɛmo no na ɛdi saa nkateɛ yi so ansa na amemene no aba! Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛboa wo ma woyɛ w’ade ntɛm wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.

Fa no sɛ akyi berɛmo no yɛ ``nhama'' a ɛde ``nsɛnkyerɛnne'' no kɔ wo TV so wɔ fie. Nanso, akyi berɛmo no yɛ pii sen sini anaa kyɛnsee bi a ɛkyerɛ wo kɛkɛ. Ɛkura nkrasɛm a ɛboa ma wo nipadua nyinaa yɛ adwuma yiye na ɛkɔ so ne w’amemene no di nkitaho no nyinaa.

Ɛhe ankasa na akyi berɛmo no wɔ?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, akyi berɛmo no fi ase wɔ w’amemene no ase . Efi hɔ no, ɛfa w’akyi berɛmo mu na ɛba awiei wɔ baabi a ɛte sɛ kɔne wɔ w’akyi ase. Wɔfrɛ saa awiei yi conus medullaris .

Dɛn ne akyi berɛmo no afã atitiriw abiɛsa?

Sɛnea w’akyi berɛmo wɔ afã atitiriw abiɛsa no, saa ara na w’akyi berɛmo nso wɔ afã atitiriw abiɛsa:

• Cervical (`(Cervical)`) fã: Eyi wɔ wo kɔn mu.
• Thoracic (`(Thoracic)`) region: Eyi wɔ wo nipadua atifi, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo moma so akyi.
• Lumbar (`(Lumbar)`) region: Eyi wɔ w'akyi ase.

Ntini bɛn na ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu?

Ntini 31 na ɛka akyi berɛmo no ho. Eyinom mu 30 yɛ abien abien, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ efi akyi berɛmo no nifa ne benkum so fi adi mmiako mmiako.

• 8 cervical nerve pairs: Eyinom fi ase wɔ kɔn mu na ɛkɔ w’anim ne wo ti titiriw.
• Thoracic nerve pairs 12: Eyinom fi wo nipadua atifi kɔ wo moma so, w’akyi atifi, ne wo yafunu mu.
• 5 pairs of lumbar nerves (Lumbar nerve pairs): Eyinom fi ase wɔ w’akyi ase na ɛkɔ fam kodu wo nan ne wo nan so.
• 5 sacral nerve pairs: Eyinom fi ase wɔ w’akyi berɛmo ase, bɛn sacrum no, na ɛtrɛw kɔ wo akyi berɛmo mu.

Wɔ saa awarefo 30 yi akyi no, ntini ahorow bi wɔ akyi berɛmo no ase a wɔfrɛ no cauda equina . "Coda equina" kyerɛ "ɔpɔnkɔ dua" wɔ Latin kasa mu. Wɔtoo din saa efisɛ ɛte sɛ ɔpɔnkɔ dua. Eyi ne nea ɛma wo nan, wo nan, ne wo honam ani fã a ɛwɔ wo ho no te nka.

Nneɛma afoforo bɛn na ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu?

Sɛnea ntini a ɛbɔ w’amemene ho ban atwa w’amemene ho ahyia no, saa ara na w’akyi berɛmo nso kata biribi a ɛyɛ ntini abiɛsa a wɔfrɛ no meninges . Eyinom te sɛ ayɛyɛde nwoma, biako wɔ biako so, na ɛbɔ akyi berɛmo no ho ban.

• Dura mater: Eyi ne akyi a ɛyɛ den kakra. Ɛbɔ akyi berɛmo no ho ban fi opira ho.
• Arachnoid mater (`(Arachnoid mater)`): Eyi wɔ mfinimfini. Enya ne din efisɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ akɔre ntaban.
• Pia mater: Eyi ne ade a ɛyɛ tratraa sen biara a ɛbata akyi berɛmo no ho, fi mu.

Enti dɛn ne saa epidural ne arachnoid mmeae yi?

• Epidural ahunmu (`(Epidural ahunmu)`):Eyi wɔ dura mater no akyi, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛwɔ dura mater ne akyi berɛmo no nnompe ntam. Ebia woate sɛ wɔde epidural ma na ama ɛyaw a ɛba bere a wɔrewo no so atew. Wɔde saa aduru no gu saa epidural space yi mu.

• Subarachnoid space: Eyi wɔ arachnoid mater ne pia mater ntam. Nsu titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) wɔ saa ahunmu yi mu. Saa CSF yi ma akyi berɛmo no nya ahotɔ ne aduannuru foforo . Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔyɛ akyi berɛmo a wɔde tow (Lumbar Puncture) anaa akyi berɛmo mu tap de hwɛ sɛ nyarewa bi wɔ amemene anaa akyi berɛmo mu anaa. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde ade teateaa bi bɛhyɛ subarachnoid space no mu na wɔafa CSF no nhwɛsode.

Nyarewa ne opira bɛn na ebetumi aka akyi berɛmo no?

Esiane sɛ akyi berɛmo yɛ yɛn nipadua no fã a ɛho hia yiye nti, ɔsɛe anaa yare biara a ɛbɛba no betumi ayɛ nea anibere wom kɛse . Efisɛ wɔnam akyi berɛmo no so di nipadua no nyinaa so. Enti, sɛ yare anaa akwanhyia bi si a ɛfa akyi berɛmo ho a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wonya ayaresa ntɛm . Sɛ woyɛ saa a, wubetumi atew nsɛnnennen pii a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ no so.

Sɛ akyi berɛmo no sɛe wɔ baabiara a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi ada adi wɔ nipadua no afã horow a ɛwɔ opira no ase no mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, obi a ontumi ntumi nkɔ nsu mu, ontumi nni ne dwensɔtwaa so, anaasɛ mpo obi abubu (adwuma a ɛmma nipadua no fã bi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye).

Nyarewa ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aka akyi berɛmo no bi ni:

• (Acute transverse myelitis) .
• (Awotwaa mu akisikuru ) .
• (Herniated disks) (Yɛka sɛ "disk no ahwe ase")
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru
• (Akyi berɛmo mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw) .
• (Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru ) .
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru
• Akyi berɛmo mu nyarewa (eyinom betumi afi ase wɔ akyi berɛmo mu anaasɛ atrɛw afi nipadua no mmeae afoforo) .

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama m’akyi berɛmo ayɛ yiye?

Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ na ama w’akyi berɛmo (ne w’akyi berɛmo nyinaa) anya apɔwmuden ni:

• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom. Fa nhabannuru, nnuaba, atoko, ne nnuan a calcium wom (nufusu, kyiisi, yogurt, ne mpataa nketewa) ka w’aduan ho.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa na trɛw wo nipadua mu yiye. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ te sɛ nantew ne asuguare ye ma w’akyi.
• Hwɛ sɛnea wugyina hɔ da mũ no nyinaa. Ma w’akyi nyɛ tẽẽ bere a wote hɔ na wugyina hɔ no. Mma ntra gyinabea koro no ara mu nkyɛ dodo, sesa no kɔ soro kakra.
• Sɛ woda a, da wɔ ɔkwan bi so a ɛbɛboa wo kɔn ne w’akyi ase a ɛyɛ abɔde mu nkuruwankuruwa no. Kwati sɛ wode pillow ne mattress a ɛkorɔn dodo bedi dwuma.
• Sɛ wonom sigaret a, gyae. Kwati tawa nneɛma afoforo nso. Sigaretnom ma nnompe yɛ mmerɛw na ɛsɛe diski ahorow.
• To nsa dodow a wonom ano hye. Kwati nnubɔne a wode gye w’ani koraa.

So akyi berɛmo ne akyi berɛmo yɛ nneɛma abien?

Yiw, ɛte saa. Akyi berɛmo ne akyi berɛmo yɛ w’akyi afã atitiriw abien.

• Akyi berɛmo yɛ ntini, ntini, ne nkwammoaa a yɛkaa ho asɛm no boaboa ano. Ɛte sɛ "wire" a ɛde nkrasɛm kɔ.
• Akyi berɛmo no yɛ nnompe a ɛbɔ akyi berɛmo no ho ban. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no "spine". Ɛyɛ nnompe nketenkete pii a wɔfrɛ no vertebrae, a wɔaboaboa ano wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho so.

Sɛ wɔde saa akyi berɛmo yi boaboa ano wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho so a, ade bi a ɛte sɛ jelly a wɔfrɛ no intervertebral disc wɔ wɔn ntam. Saa diski yi yɛ adwuma te sɛ ade a ɛma obi ho popo. Ɛne sɛ, ɛbɔ akyi berɛmo ne akyi berɛmo ho ban fi ahodwiriw ne nsunsuanso ho bere a yetu mmirika, huruw, anaa yɛma nneɛma a emu yɛ duru so no.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae!

Sɛ akansi bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛpaw "nipadua no fã a ɛho hia sen biara" a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ akyi berɛmo no bɛkɔ ɔfã a etwa to no! Saa na ɛsom bo. Ɛyɛ abusuabɔ titiriw a ɛda w’amemene ne biribiara a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu ntam. Akyi berɛmo no kura anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛboa wo ma wutu, wote nka, na wotra ase no.

Enti, nyarewa anaa opira a ɛka w’akyi berɛmo no betumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den yiye. Sɛ wunya nsakrae, wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ, anaa ɔhaw biara wɔ wo nipadua no kankan, wo nkate, anaa wo nipadua dwumadi biara a wodi so a, mmu w’ani ngu so. Nsusuw sɛ, "Eyi yɛ ade ketewaa bi kɛkɛ." Sɛ wote nka sɛ wohaw wo ho anaasɛ wosuro kakra mpo wɔ ho a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Afei oduruyɛfo no betumi ahu nea ɛde saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba na waka ayaresa a wuhia akyerɛ wo.

W’akyi berɛmo yɛ ade a ɛsom bo sen biara wɔ w’asetra mu. Ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wobɛhwɛ so.

` Akyi berɛmo, ntini nhyehyɛe, akyi berɛmo, meninges, ntini, akwahosan, aduruyɛ