Momma yenhu anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ? (Electrophysiology Adesua - EP Adesua)

So wote biribi a ɛyɛ nwonwa nka wɔ wo koma mu, te sɛ ahurututu? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu bi de hwɛ sɛnea anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no yɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛno na yɛka saa ``Electrophysiology Adesua`` yi ho asɛm, anaa sɛnea yɛfrɛ no tiawa no, ``EP Adesua``. Nsuro, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa.

Dɛn ne EP adesua?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, EP nhwehwɛmu yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛhwehwɛ anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no mu pɛpɛɛpɛ. Fa no sɛ, yɛn koma hia anyinam ahoɔden sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi na ama atumi abɔ. Sɛ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi reyɛ adwuma yiye a, koma no bɔ wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, biribi asɛe wɔ anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne yi ho, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm ( arrhythmia ) . Ɛno na wɔde EP nhwehwɛmu di dwuma de hwehwɛ nea ɔhaw no yɛ ne baabi a ɔhaw no da.

Nnuruyɛfo de koma mu nhama (nsukorabea nketewa a ɛyɛ tratraa yiye) ne kɔmputa di dwuma de yɛ eyi. Wɔde saa nsukorade yi hyɛ wo koma mu na wofi hɔ susuw anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no. Ɛte sɛ EKG , nanso saa sensor ahorow yi a wɔde ahyɛ wo koma mu no betumi ama woanya nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri na ɛyɛ nokware sen sensor ahorow a wɔde ahyɛ wo moma so akyi.

Fa no sɛ bɔs bi a ɛnam ne kwan a ɛkɔ so daa so, wɔ bere a ɛfata mu, na ɛkɔ nhyehyɛe mu. Nanso koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ (arrhythmia) te sɛ bɔs a ɛnkɔ ne kwan a ɛkɔ so daa no so, ebia efi ase wɔ baabi a ɛnteɛ, ahuru baabi a egyina, anaasɛ ɛnkɔ ɔkwan no nyinaa so. Anaasɛ ebetumi akɔ ntɛmntɛm paa, anaasɛ ebetumi akɔ brɛoo paa. Ɛnonom ne nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ nnuruyɛfo hwehwɛ. Ɛno ansa na wobetumi asi gyinae sɛ ebia tebea yi yɛ nea asiane wom ne ɔkwan a wɔbɛfa so asa.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu saa anyinam ahoɔden koma dwumadi yi?

Lab a wɔyɛ saa `(EP Adesua)` yi te sɛ detective adwumayɛbea. Oduruyɛfo titiriw a ɔyɛ eyi yɛ `( Electrophysiologist )` a onim koma nnyigyei nhyehyɛe yiye. Obetumi ahu sɛnea koma no afã horow reyɛ adwuma afi asorɔkye nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛwɔ `(EKG)` teyp so no mu.

Saa nnuruyɛfo yi asua EKG asorɔkye, sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ sɛnea ɛte biara, ne nea sɛ asorɔkye bi hwɛbea yɛ soronko a ɛkyerɛ. Wɔhwɛ baabi a koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ fi ase na ɛba awiei wɔ EKG so no yiye.

Afei, wosusuw sɛ, "Okay, eyi ne nea ebetumi ayɛ." Afei wɔsɔ hwɛ wɔ EP Lab. BiWɔma nnuru (te sɛ Adenosine, Isoproterenol) ma koma no yɛ ntɛmntɛm na ɛma ɛyɛ brɛoo , na afei wɔhwɛ sɛnea koma no anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi sesa saa bere no. Wɔyɛ eyi sɛnea nhyehyɛe pɔtee bi kyerɛ, na ɛnyɛ nsusuwii hunu kɛkɛ. Wogyina nsɛm a wɔaboaboa ano so susuw nneɛma pii a ebetumi de aba ho, na afei wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow kosi sɛ wobehu nea ɔhaw no yɛ ankasa .

Adɛn nti na woreyɛ EP adesua yi?

EP nhwehwɛmu betumi ama wo koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ daa no ho nsɛm pii akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo . Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Koma mu yare (arrhythmia) bɛn na wowɔ?
• Dɛn ne nea enti a wɔyɛ saa a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ yi?
• Ɛhe ankasa na ɔhaw yi fi ase wɔ koma no mu?
• Dɛn nti na wotaa te nka sɛ wo ti yɛ wo yaw na ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛda dae ?
• Si nea eye sen biara a wɔde sa eyi ho gyinae.
• Hwɛ sɛ nnuru a worenom mprempren no reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa .
• Hwehwɛ sɛ ebia wowɔ asiane mu sɛ koma betumi awu mpofirim anaa .

Oduruyɛfo bi si gyinae sɛ ɔbɛyɛ EP Adesua bere a wontumi nnya nsɛm a ɛdɔɔso mfi nhwehwɛmu ahorow te sɛ ECG, Holter monitor (afiri a ɛhwɛ koma no nnyigyei so bere a woda mpa so bɛyɛ da koro anaa nnanu), event recorder , adwennwen sɔhwɛ (a ɛhwɛ koma no so bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ), echocardiogram (koma no mu ultrasound scan), anaa angiogram (a ɛhwɛ ntini a ɛwɔ koma no mu) mu no.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, egyina wo tebea ne nsɛm a wunya fii EP Adesua no mu so no, wobetumi ayɛ ayaresa bi a wɔfrɛ no Catheter Ablation bere koro mu . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔde catheter (tube) a wɔde ahyɛ koma no mu no ma mmeae nketenkete a ɛwɔ koma no mu a ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnkɔ so ba no yɛ adwuma.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ wusiesie wo ho ma EP adesua?

Ahosiesie nketenkete kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ansa na sɔhwɛ yi aba. Mma ɛnhaw wo, eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ daa.

• Yɛ nhyehyɛe ma obi bɛka wo ho akɔ ayaresabea na wasan aba. Worentumi nka kar nnɔnhwerew 24 wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi.
• Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ sɔhwɛ yi ho a, yɛsrɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo no nsusuw ho.
• Ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ latex ho anaasɛ woadi kan anya ɔhaw ahorow wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ho .
• Ntade a ɛyɛ fɛBra a woasiesie wo ho.
• Yi makeup ne nail polish nyinaa ansa na woaba ayaresabea.
• Gyaw agude a ɛsom bo te sɛ nkaa, kɔnmuade, ne dɔn nyinaa wɔ fie. Fa w’aniwa ahwehwɛ ne mfiri a wɔde te asɛm bra, sɛ wowɔ bi a.

Momma yɛnhwɛ nnuru ne aduan nso:

• Ka nnuru a wonom nyinaa ho asɛm kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo (wɔakyerɛw ama wo, nea wɔtɔn wɔ aduruyɛdan mu, nhabannuru, vitamin ahorow) .
• Fa w’aduru a ɛdɔɔso bra da koro. Nanso nnom kosi sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa.
• Bisa wo duruyɛfo no nnuru a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom ansa na woayɛ nhwehwɛmu no, nnuru a ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae, bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae, ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase bio . Mma nnyae nnuru biara a wo duruyɛfo nka ho afotu.
• Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, bisa sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nsakrae wɔ asikreyare aduru a wode di dwuma no mu .
• Didi sɛnea ɛsɛ anadwo a edi sɔhwɛ no anim no.
• Nnidi, nnom, anaa nwe biribiara anadwo fã akyi anadwo a edi sɔhwɛ no anim. Ɛnyɛ chewing gum, mints, anaa nsu mpo. Eyi ho hia paa ma w’ahobammɔ.
• Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wonom nnuru a, fa nsu biako anaa abien pɛ nom.
• Mmene nsu bere a worehohoro wo sẽ no.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan da a wɔbɛyɛ EP adesua no?

Wɔbɛyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu no wɔ dan titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no Electrophysiology Lab (EP Lab) anaa Catheterization Lab .

Sɛ wɔde wo da mpa so wie a, oduruyɛfo no ne kuw a wɔwɔ hɔ no bɛyɛ nea edidi so yi:

• Wɔde ntini a wɔde fa ntini mu (IV) (a ɛte sɛ nkyene nhama) bɛhyɛ wo nsa anaa wo nsa mu. Eyi ne baabi a wɔbɛma wo nnuru ne nsu bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Sɛ ɛho hia a, wɔbɛyi w’abasa, wo nsa, anaa wo kɔn na wɔde aduru a wɔde kum mmoawa asiesie.
• Wɔde ntama a ɛnyɛ den bɛkata wo kɔn so kosi wo nansoaa so.
• Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wo nsa anka mmeae a wɔde nnuru a ekum mmoawa no, wɔde abɔso bɔ w’asen na wɔma wo nsa so.

Dɛn na ɛkɔ so wɔ EP adesua no mu?

Mprempren ne bere a ɛho hia sen biara. Nneɛma a oduruyɛfo no bɛyɛ ni:

• Wɔde aduru titiriw bi bɛma w’asen, wo kɔn, anaa wo nsa (baabi a wɔde catheter no ahyɛ mu) no ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Afei, wɔde saa catheters (nhama a ɛyɛ tratraa) yi pii hyɛ ntini kɛse bi mu wɔ w’asen, wo kɔn, anaa wo nsa mu.
• Sɛ wode `Fluoroscopy` (eyi te sɛ `X-ray` video) ne `Ultrasound` afiri di dwuma a, wɔkyerɛ saa catheters yi kwan kɔ wo koma mu pɛpɛɛpɛ, kɔ ne dan mu. Wɔde saa nhama yi di dwuma de hu anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ koma no mu na wɔkyerɛw to hɔ. Eyi ma wunya ntease pa wɔ `Conduction System`, nhyehyɛe a anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne fa so tu kwan wɔ wo koma mu no ho.
• Ɛdenam catheter biako so no, .Afiri bi a wɔfrɛ no pacemaker de anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete mena ma wo koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm. Saa bere yi, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo koma rebɔ ntɛmntɛm kakra.
• Ɛgyina wo tebea so no, sɛ nkitahodi ahorow bi a asɛe a ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnkɔ so ba a, wobetumi de ɔkwan bi a wɔfrɛ no `Catheter Ablation` asiw ano .

Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ, sɛ wote nka sɛ biribi a ɛnyɛ wo dɛ anaa ɛyɛ nwonwa wɔ EP Adesua no mu a, ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfoɔ anaa ɔyarehwɛfoɔ a ɔwɔ hɔ.

Sɛ wo koma bɔ a ɛnteɛ a, wo duruyɛfo no nam wo IV so bɛma wo nnuru de ahwɛ sɛnea wodi so yiye. Sɛ ɛho hia a, ebia wɔbɛma wo anyinam ahoɔden ketewaa bi nso afa biribi a ɛwɔ wo moma so mu de aboa ma wo koma no ayɛ adwuma bio.

Wɔ nhwehwɛmu yi nyinaa mu no, w’aduruyɛfo kuw no de nnwinnade ahorow bedi dwuma:

• Fluoroscopy: Afiri kɛse bi a wɔde X-ray yɛ wɔ w’atifi. Eyi ma oduruyɛfo no kɔ so hu catheter a ɛwɔ wo koma mu no wɔ X-ray screen so.
• `Defibrillator / Pacemaker / Cardioverter`: Eyi bata aduru bi a ɛwɔ w’akyi ne aduru bi a ɛwɔ wo moma so ho. Ebetumi ama anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ma koma a ɛbɔ brɛoo no ayɛ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ egyae nnyigyei a ɛyɛ hu.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Eyi ne nneɛma pii a ɛyɛ nnam wɔ wo moma so, ne catheter ahorow a ɛwɔ wo koma mu nso wɔ abusuabɔ. Ɛma anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfa wo koma mu no ho mfonini.
• Intracardiac Echocardiogram: Eyi yɛ ultrasound ketewaa bi. Ɛboa ma wɔkyerɛ catheter no kwan pɛpɛɛpɛ bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no.
• Blood Pressure Monitor: Wɔde eyi bata cuff bi a ɛwɔ wo basa so ho na ɛhwɛ wo mogya mmoroso so wɔ nhwehwɛmu no nyinaa mu.
• Oximeter Monitor: Eyi yɛ clip ketewaa bi a wode gu wo nsateaa so. Ɛkyerɛ oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan wɔ sɔhwɛ no akyi?

Sɛ wowie EP Adesua no a, oduruyɛfo no beyi catheter no afi w’asen, wo nsa, anaa wo kɔn mu na ɔde nhyɛso ahyɛ beae no bere tiaa bi na ama mogya no agyae. Enneɛ:

• Ɛho behia sɛ wotra mpa so bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako kosi anan . Sɛ wɔde catheter no faa asen no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ woma wo nan no teɛ sɛnea wubetumi na wunhinhim.
• Ɛdenam nea efii wo nhwehwɛmu no mu bae mfiase no so no, sɛ ɛho hia a, ebia ebehia sɛ wotra ayaresabea hɔ .
• Wɔde aduru ketewaa bi a wɔde kyekyere (aduru a wɔde kyekyere) gu catheter no so. Wobetumi ayi afi hɔ da a edi hɔ no. Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ wɔpam.
• Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma baabi a apira no ho tew na ɛhɔ yɛ kusuu .
• Sɛ wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ no wie a, wubetumi adidi na woanom nnuru.
• Wubetumi asan afi wo dwumadi ahorow a wotaa yɛ no ase da a edi sɔhwɛ no akyi.Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ woto nneɛma te sɛ nneɛma a emu yɛ duru a wobɛma so ano hye bɛyɛ dapɛn biako.

So asiane bi wɔ eyi mu?

Mpɛn pii no, EP nhwehwɛmu yɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom yiye. Nanso, te sɛ aduruyɛ mu adeyɛ biara no, asiane ahorow bi wɔ hɔ. Eyinom bi ne:

• Nyarewa anaa mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ baabi a wɔde catheter no ahyɛ mu.
• Koma a ɛbɔ daa (Arrhythmia) .
• Mogya a ɛtɔ gu catheter no so na ɛkɔhyɛ mogya ntini bi mu.
• Mogya ntini, koma ntini, anaa koma dan mu opira.
• Komayare a ɛma obi nya komayare.
• Nnwodwoɔ.

Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, wo nnuruyɛfo reyɛ EP Adesua yi wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ so yiye. Na wɔreyɛ nneɛma titiriw bi de atew asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ ma wo no so. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa asiane ne mfaso a ɛwɔ nhwehwɛmu yi so ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa.

Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ EP adesua so?

Wubetumi anya mfaso a edidi so yi afi `(EP Adesua)` mu:

• Wubenya wo nsɛmmisa a ɛfa nea enye wɔ wo koma mu nnyigyei ho no ho mmuae.
• Ebia sɛ wobetumi de ``Catheter Ablation'' adi ɔhaw no ho dwuma a, ebia yɛbɛde yɛn ho afi sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkɔ so nom nnuru bi ho.
• W’asetra pa bɛkɔ anim.
• Wɔ koma mu yare binom fam no, sɛ wɔde ``Catheter Ablation'' sa wɔn yare a , ebia ɛbɛyɛ ɔkwan a ne bo nyɛ den sen ``Arrhythmia'' oprehyɛn.

Mpɛn pii no, EP nhwehwɛmu yɛ nea asiane biara nni ho. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ eyi betumi awu no sua koraa, bɛyɛ 5,000 biara mu 1.

Mɛyɛ dɛn anya nea efi mu ba? Dɛn na mɛyɛ akyi?

Sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no wie a, oduruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛ wo nea edi kan a ebefi mu aba . Wogyina saa aba no so besi gyinae sɛ ebia wubetumi akɔ fie anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotra ayaresabea. Ebia oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san bra da foforo abɛka nea efii EP Adesua no mu aba ne w’ayaresa no ho nkɔmmɔ nkɔ akyiri.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no kyerɛ biribi a ɛyɛ soronko a, ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi de ``Catheter Ablation'' asa no ntɛm ara. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ ayaresa afoforo ho nhyehyɛe anaasɛ wɔkyerɛw nnuru ma wo. Ebia nnipa binom behia ayaresa afoforo, te sɛ ``Pacemaker' ', mpo wɔ ``Catheter Ablation'' akyi.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wokɔ fie bere a wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no awie a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wofrɛ wo duruyɛfo sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a:

• Sɛ catheter no yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛho ahonhon, anaasɛ nsu bi fi mu ba a.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho yɛ wo yaw anaasɛ wote nka a ɛyɛ nwonwa biara wɔ nsa anaa nan a wɔde catheter no hyɛɛ mu no mu a.
• Wɔ abasa anaa nan a wɔde catheter no hyɛɛ mu no muSɛ wo nsateaa yɛ nwini, ɛnte nka, anaasɛ ɛsakra kɔla a.
• Sɛ worekɔfe a.
• Sɛ wowɔ koko mu yaw a .

Frɛ 1990 na woanya ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ, anaa kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo, sɛ wuhyia nea edidi so yi mu biara a:

• Sɛ mogya no annyae bere a woamia baabi a wɔde catheter no ayɛ no na woakura mu mpo a.
• Sɛ ɔfe a atwa kuru no ho ahyia no yɛ kɛse mpofirim a.

Nsɛmmisa kakraa bi bio ma wo.

So yɛda hɔ bere a yɛreyɛ EP adesua no?

Aane. Wɔnam IV so rema wo nnuru na ama wo ho adwo wo na ama woate nka sɛ woada kakra. Nanso wo 're nna koraa.

Bere tenten ahe na EP adesua gye?

Mpɛn pii no egye bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biako kosi anan .

So EP adesua no yɛ yaw?

Wɔbɛma wo aduru a ɛma wo ho dwo enti ɛnsɛ sɛ wote ɛyaw biara. Nanso, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew kakra wɔ honam ani baabi a wɔde catheter no hyɛɛ mu no so.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae

Sɛ wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ EP adesua a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ ade kɛse sen koma mu nhwehwɛmu foforo biara a woayɛ pɛn. Nanso biribi nti na wo duruyɛfo rekra. Ɔreyɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a obehu nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo komam ankasa na waboa wo . EP adesua hwehwɛ sɛ wode nnwinnade bɛhyɛ wo koma mu, nanso ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom. Ɛma wo duruyɛfo nya nsɛm a ohia na ɔde asa wo koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnteɛ daa no.

Kae sɛ nnuruyɛfo kuw no bɛyɛ nea wobetumi biara sɛ wɔbɛma wo ho atɔ wo bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Ka nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo ho asɛm kyerɛ wɔn. Eyi bɛboa wo ma woate nka sɛ wo ho adwo wo kɛse.

` Koma a ɛbɔ, EP adesua, komayare, catheter, koma mu anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi, arrhythmia, koma mu nhwehwɛmu