W’aniwa te dɛn? (Visual Acuity Test) Momma yɛnhwehwɛ mu.

So ɛho abehia sɛ wohwɛ kyerɛwpon bi a wɔakyerɛw nsɛm wɔ ɔfasu no so pɛn bere a wokɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn no? Ɛno ne nea yɛtaa frɛ no (Visual Acuity Test). Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a wode hwɛ sɛnea w’ani hu ade yiye. "Visual acuity" ne nea nnuruyɛfo frɛ w'ani a ɛyɛ nnam.

Dɛn nti na eyi (Visual Acuity Test) ho hia saa?

Fa no sɛ, wote nka sɛ wuntumi nhu nneɛma a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri kakra, anaasɛ nkyerɛwde a ɛwɔ atesɛm krataa mu no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ kusuu. Ɔkwan a wobɛfa so ahu ntɛm ara sɛ nsakrae aba w’ani so anaa. Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi akyi no, aniwa ho ɔbenfo bi besi gyinae sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wohyɛ aniwa ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade, anaasɛ sɛ wode di dwuma dedaw a, sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wosakra ahoɔden no.

Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛkɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani so a. Ebetumi aba sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nsakrae kakra wɔ w’aniwa ahwehwɛ no mu. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ obi nhu ade yiye a, ebetumi ayɛ tebea foforo a ɛka aniwa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan.

Bere bɛn na wɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu? Dɛn na ebetumi ahu?

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wokɔ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wɔyɛ eyi (Visual Acuity Test). Nnuruyɛfo yɛ eyi de hu nsakrae biara a ɛba w’ani so bere a bere kɔ so no.

Anisoadehu mu haw ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔtaa hu denam sɔhwɛ yi so:

• Myopia : Nneɛma a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a wontumi nhu no yiye.
• Nhumu a ɛbɛn (Hyperopia): Sɛ obi ntumi nhu nneɛma a ɛbɛn, titiriw bere a ɔrekenkan ade.
• Astigmatism : Anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu a ɛnam aniwa no a ɛntwe hann nsi so yiye nti.
• Presbyopia : Anisoadehu a ɛbɛn a ɛyera bere a yɛrenyin no. Mpɛn pii no, efi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 40 akyi.
• Kɔla anifurae : Sɛnea wontumi nhu nsonsonoe a ɛda kɔla ahorow bi mu.

Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani?

Ɛdenam w’ani ne w’aniwa a wobɛhwɛ so daa so no, w’ani duruyɛfo betumi ahu ɔhaw biara ntɛm . Mpɛn pii no, mpɛn dodow a wɔbɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu no bɛsono a egyina mfe a woadi so:

• Mmofra nkumaa: Ɛsɛ sɛ woma mmofra oduruyɛfo hwɛ wo ba no ani wɔ mmofra a wodi yiye nsrahwɛ biara mu kosi sɛ wobefi sukuu ase, na afei afe biako anaa abien biara wɔ ɛno akyi.
• Mpanyimfo a wonnii mfe 40: Mfe anum kosi du biara.
• Mpanyimfo a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 54: Mfe abien kosi anan biara.
• Mpanyimfo a wɔadi boro mfe 55: Pɛnkoro wɔ mfe biako kosi abiɛsa biara mu.

Nanso, sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade, anaasɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi te sɛ asikreyare a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔtaa hwɛ w’ani . Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa w’ani duruyɛfo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani.

Hena na ɔyɛ eyi (Visual Acuity Test)?

Mpɛn pii no, w’ani ho ɔbenfo na ɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi , a ebetumi ayɛ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo anaa aniwa ho oduruyɛfo.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, wo duruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ wo nyinaa mpo betumi ayɛ eyi (Visual Acuity Test), titiriw sɛ wokɔhwɛ no a wowɔ aniwa mu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a.

Visual Acuity Test ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?

Akwan ahorow wɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so asɔ w’anisoadehu ahwɛ. Nsɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔtaa de yɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ den no bi ni:

• Snellen aniwa nhyehyɛe: Eyi ne kyerɛwpon a nkyerɛwde a ɛtoatoa so wɔ ɔfasu no so a wokae bere a wote aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu ho asɛm no. Nkyerɛwde no yɛ akɛse wɔ soro, na nkyerɛwde no yɛ nketewa bere a wokɔ fam no. Oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ kenkan kosi sɛ wubetumi akenkan no yiye. Wɔ mmeae bi no, wɔde eyi kyerɛ ɔfasu no so anaasɛ wɔde kyerɛ wɔ screen so.

• Random E chart: Eyi te sɛ Snellen chart no. Nanso sɛ anka ɛbɛyɛ nkyerɛwde ahorow no, ɛwɔ nkyerɛwde "E" nkutoo. Nkyerɛwde E no sua na ɛyɛ ketewaa, ɛkyinkyini, ɛdannan, na ɛdannan kɔ mmeae ahorow. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokenkan kosi sɛ worentumi nhu ɔkwan a nkyerɛwde E no fa so.

• Dynamic visual acuity test: Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no kura wo ti na ɔde nkakrankakra wosow no fi ɔfã biako kɔ ɔfã foforo de hwɛ w’ani so. Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwɛ sɛ wubetumi ama w’ani agyina bere a wo ti retu (wɔfrɛ eyi vestibulo-ocular reflex).

• Pinhole visual acuity test: Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔayɛ no pɔtee sɛ wɔde behu sɛnea obi hu ade a ɛbɛn, anaasɛ obi a otumi hu ade yiye. Te sɛ sɔhwɛ a wɔyɛ no daa no, wɔma wo afiri bi a wɔfrɛ no paddle a ɛkata aniwa biako so. Nanso, ɛwɔ tokuru nketewa (pinholes) biako anaa nea ɛboro saa wɔ mu. Sɛ́ anka wobɛfa aniwa foforo no mu ahwɛ no, wokenkan Snellen anaa Random E nhyehyɛe no fa saa ntokuru yi mu.

• Mmofra a wotumi hu ade yiye ho sɔhwɛ: Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sɔ mmofra a wɔadi mfe ahorow hwɛ sɛnea wotumi hu ade yiye. Ebia woate Cardiff aniwa a ɛhwɛ ade yiye ho sɔhwɛ no ho asɛm. Sɔhwɛ ahorow yi bi de mfonini anaa mfonini di dwuma sen sɛ wɔde nkyerɛwde bedi dwuma. Wobetumi nso de nkyerɛwde a ɛwɔ krataa a ɛyɛ soronko so ama wo na wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa nkyerɛwde a ɛwɔ ɔfasu ho nhyehyɛe no so no nhyia.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ Visual Acuity Test?

Wɔyɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara wɔ saa kwan yi so:

1. Wɔde wo besi hɔ anaa wɔbɛma woagyina bɛyɛ anammɔn 20 fi sɛnkyerɛnne a nkyerɛwde no wɔ so no ho .

2. Afei oduruyɛfo no bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa w’ani biako (mpɛn pii no fa wo nsa, anaa saa kyerɛwpon ketewa no mu).

3. Afei, wɔka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnkenkan nkakrankakra mfi nkyerɛwde akɛse a ɛwɔ soro no so nkɔ fam .

4. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ so kenkan kosi sɛ worentumi nhu nkyerɛwde anaa sɛnkyerɛnnede ahorow no yiye bio .

5. Sɛ wode aniwa biako wie a, to aniwa foforo no mu na san yɛ sɔhwɛ no fi mfiase.

Ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wobɛbɔ mmɔden asusuw sɛ ebia worehyia ɔhaw wɔ nkyerɛwde ahorow no akenkan mu bere a ɛrekɔ fam no. Nanso, sɛ wufi ase hu sɛ nkyerɛwde no ayɛ kusuu anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkenkan a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Mma w’ani nnyɛ wo yaw anaasɛ nhyɛ w’ani so. Sɔhwɛ yi botae ne sɛ wubenya w’anisoadehu no ho nhwehwɛmu a edi mu . Enti mma ɛnhaw wo sɛ "wobɛdi nkogu" anaa "wobɛtwam" ɔkwan biara so.

Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade dedaw a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ eyi (Visual Acuity Test) mpɛn pii. Wei kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ w’ani so a worenhyɛ w’aniwa ahwehwɛ (wɔfrɛ eyi anisoadehu a wɔansiesie) ne w’aniwa ahwehwɛ (wɔfrɛ eyi aniwa a wɔateɛteɛ) nyinaa.

So biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie ansa na eyi aba (Visual Acuity Test)?

Dabi, ahosiesie titiriw biara nni hɔ a ɛho nhia. Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade a, hwɛ hu sɛ wode bɛba bere a woaba sɛ worebɛhwɛ w’ani no. Ɛda adi sɛ oduruyɛfo no beyi wɔn na wasɔ w’ani a woansiesie no ahwɛ.

Dɛn na ɛba wɔ Visual Acuity Test no akyi?

Sɛ wowie Visual Acuity Test no a, w’ani duruyɛfo no bewie aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu no fã a aka no. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ woyɛ sɔhwɛ afoforo te sɛ Slit Lamp Exam. Eyinom bɛhwɛ sɛ tebea afoforo a ebia ɛrehaw w’ani te sɛ:

• Aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Glaucoma (Atiridiinini) .
• Macular degeneration a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

So asiane bi wɔ eyi mu (Visual Acuity Test)?

Asiane biara nni hɔ. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ kakra sɛ wunni w’aniwa ahwehwɛ anaa w’aniwa ahwehwɛ, nanso eyi yɛ bere tiaa mu de. Wubetumi asan ahyɛ bio bere a oduruyɛfo no ahwɛ w’ani awie ara pɛ.

Dɛn ne nea efi Visual Acuity Test no mu ba?

Wo Visual Acuity Test aba no ba sɛ fã ketewaa bi. Eyi ma wohu sɛnea w’anisoadehu a wɔansiesie no ye.

Ebia wobɛkae sɛ 20/20 anisoadehu na wɔfrɛ no anisoadehu a ɛteɛ. Sɛ wowɔ anisoadehu 20/20 a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wubetumi ahu biribi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri anammɔn 20 no pefee. Nnipa binom susuw sɛ 20/20 anisoadehu kyerɛ anisoadehu "a ɛyɛ pɛ". Nanso ɛkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wubenya anisoadehu a ɛfata anaasɛ ɛyɛ papa .

Nnipa pii ntumi nhu ade 20/20 a wonni ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade. Nokwarem no, mpanyimfo a wɔwɔ United States no mu 35% pɛ na wotumi hu ade 20/20 wɔ awosu mu.

Sɛ woyɛ Visual Acuity Test wie a, w’ani duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ de asiesie w’ani so. Akwan a wɔtaa fa so ne sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ ahwehwɛ anaa ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ ade. Sɛ wohyɛ dedaw a, wobetumi ayɛ nsakrae nso ma ɛne nsakrae a wohu wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu no ahyia.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani so a, kɔ w’ani ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Sɛ w’aniwa yɛ bɔne kɛse mpofirim, anaasɛ w’ani biako anaa abien no nyinaa ntumi nhu ade yiye a, kɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Sɛ wunnim nea aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu yɛ mpo a, ɛda adi sɛ woayɛ bi pɛn. Akenkan a efi soro kosi ase wɔ saa ɔfasu kyerɛwpon no so no yɛ aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa no fã titiriw. Ɛmfa ho nhwehwɛmu a wo duruyɛfo de hwɛ sɛnea wotumi hu ade yiye no, di nokware wɔ baabi a wubetumi ahu ne baabi a wuntumi nhu no ho. Ɛwom sɛ sini ahorow bi di nnipa a wɔn ani nhu ade yiye a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ yi ho fɛw de, nanso ɛnyɛ sɔhwɛ a "wɔadi nkogu" anaa "bɔne".

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ obiara te nka sɛ ne ho tɔ no, ne ho tɔ no, na ɔwɔ ahobammɔ bere a wɔayɛ n’ani a ɛhwɛ ade yiye ho nhwehwɛmu na wanya mmoa a ohia de asiesie n’ani so awie no. Sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛhaw wo anaasɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani anaa w’ani mu a, wo ne w’ani ho ɔbenfo nkasa.

` Aniwa, anisoadehu sɔhwɛ, aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu, aniwa nhyehyɛe, myopia, aniwa ahwehwɛ, aniwa ho oduruyɛfo, aniwa nhwehwɛmu, Snellen nhyehyɛe