So wunnii mfe 45? Sɛ wote nufu mu kokoram ho asɛm a, so wususuw sɛ, "Oh... ɛyɛ akwakoraa yare?" Ɛyɛ nokware sɛ wɔtaa hu saa yare yi wɔ mmea a wɔadi boro mfe 50. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ mmea nkumaa nni asiane mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a, mmabaa a wɔadi fi mfe 18 kosi 45 nso betumi anya nufu mu kokoram. Enti, adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛhunu yei a worensuro. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm wɔ adamfofa kwan so nnɛ.
Dɛn ne nufu mu kokoram a ɛba wɔ ne mmofraase?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɛ wohu sɛ ɔbea bi anya nufu mu kokoram a wadi fi mfe 18 kosi 45 a, yɛfrɛ no nufu mu kokoram a efi ase ntɛm. Nufu mu kokoram betumi anya nkɔso ankasa wɔ mfe biara mu. Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi koraa de, nanso ebetumi aba mmabaa nso so.
Dɛn na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ kokoram ho wɔ aberante mu?
Sɛ aberante bi nya nufu mu kokoram a, ebetumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ bere a enya obi a wadi boro mfe 45. Ntease ahorow bi ni.
- Wobetumi ahu akyiri: Wɔtaa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nufu mu kokoram mu nhwehwɛmu dodow no ara, te sɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu, bere a wadi mfe 40. Enti sɛ aberante bi wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow mpo a, ebia obebu n’ani agu so, asusuw sɛ, “Eyi nyɛ aniberesɛm biara.” Eyi betumi ama wɔahu kokoram no wɔ bere a ɛkɔ anim, bere a anya nkɔso dedaw no.
- Ebia ɛbɛyɛ basabasa kɛse: Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ, sɛ wogyina kokoram nkwammoaa (akisikuru agyiraehyɛde ahorow) su so a, ebia mmea nkumaa benya kokoram a enyin ntɛmntɛm na ɛyɛ basabasa kɛse . Enti, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den kɛse sɛ wɔbɛsa wɔn yare.
Dɛn ne nufu mu kokoram ahorow a ɛtaa nya wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa mu?
Ɛwom sɛ nufu mu kokoram biara betumi anya aberante bi de, nanso saa abien yi abu so titiriw.
- Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Eyi ne nufu mu kokoram a wɔtaa hu wɔ mmea a wɔadi mfe biara mu.
- Nufu mu Kokoram a Ɛyɛ Mmiɛnsa: Eyi yɛ kokoram a ɛntaa nsi na ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsa.
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛda adi wɔ mmofraase?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne no nsakra bere a obi nyin no. Nufu mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne koro no ara a obi foforo hu no abu so wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa mu. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubehu nsakrae biara a ɛbɛba wo nufu mu .
Obiara nnim wo nipadua yiye sen wo, enti mmu w’ani ngu nsakrae nketenkete a wuhu mpo so.
Hwɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yiye.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Akuru a ɛwɔ nufu anaa abasa mu | Biribi a ɛkyere nsa, te sɛ akuru anaa akuru a na enni hɔ kan. |
| Nufu mu yaw (Mastalgia) . | Ɛyaw a ɛkɔ so daa, a ɛba baabi (ɛsono ne brayɛ mu ɛyaw) . |
| Honam ani nsakrae | Wora a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ nsensanee te sɛ borɔdɔma ho nhwi, honam ani nsensanee anaasɛ akisikuru . |
| Nipple a Wɔadan no | Ɛte sɛ nea nufu a kan no na ɛyɛ nea ɛfata no dan kɔɔ mu. |
| Nufusu mu nsu a ɛtɔ | Nsu a ɛtɔ (titiriw mogya) fi ɛna a ɔmma nufu nufu mu. |
| Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ahonhon | Ɛhohoro te sɛ akuru wɔ abasa mu anaa kɔn ho. |
| Nufu a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛho ahonhon | Nufu no fã biako yɛ den anaasɛ ahonhon sen foforo no. |
Dɛn nti na nufu mu kokoram nya wɔ ne mmofraase saa?
Ade titiriw nti a ɛte saa ne awosu mu nsakrae . Fa no sɛ yɛn nipadua no wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ "breki" a esiw kokoram nkwammoaa nyin ano. Yɛfrɛ eyinom ``tumor suppressor genes''. ``BRCA1`` ne ``BRCA2`` yɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm atitiriw abien a ɛte saa.
Sɛ mutation bi ba saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi mu a, "breki" no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Afei nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ betumi apaapae a wontumi nni so na abɛyɛ kokoram. Nufu mu kokoram a ɛba mmabaa mu no bɛyɛ fã ne nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba `BRCA1` anaa `BRCA2` awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu no wɔ abusuabɔ.
Wɔ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien yi akyi no, nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛba awosu mu nkwaadɔm afoforo pii te sɛ `TP53`, `PTEN`, ne `PALB2` mu nso betumi aka eyi.
Nanso nea ɛho hia ne sɛ ɛnyɛ nufu mu kokoram a ɛba mmabaa mu nyinaa na efi awosu mu nneɛma. Ebi mpo tumi ba ara kwa, a abusua abakɔsɛm biara nni mu.
Dɛn ne asiane ahorow a ɛde eyi ba?
W’abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm ho hia yiye wɔ eyi mu. Ebia wubesusuw sɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya saa tebea horow yi bi a.
| Nneɛma a Ɛde Asiane Ba | |
|---|---|
| Sɛnea abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa nyarewa ho ka | |
| Sɛ́ wubenya obusuani bi a onyaa nufu mu kokoram ansa na ɔredi mfe 50. | |
| Kokoram a obi wɔ wɔ nufu abien no nyinaa mu. | |
| Ovarian kokoram betumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu. | |
| Ɔbarima bi wɔ nufu mu kokoram (Male breast cancer). | |
| Sɛ obi wɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram anaasɛ prostate kokoram a ɛtrɛw kɔ mmeae afoforo. | |
| Nneɛma afoforo a ɛde asiane ba | |
| Sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae te sɛ `BRCA1` ne `BRCA2` wɔ wo ho anaa abusua muni bi mu. | |
| Esiane sɛ na wɔadi kan anya mframa a wɔde sa yare wɔ ne koko no fã hɔ nti. | |
| Sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a edi kokoram anim te sɛ `Atypical hyperplasia` anaa `Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS)`. | |
Sɛ wowɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu na ama woahu sɛ ebia wowɔ awosu mu nsakrae bi a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse anaa. Sɛ saa a, ebia wɔde wo bɛkɔ akɔma wo awosu ho afotu na aboa ma woadi saa asiane no ho dwuma.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no?
Ɛmfa ho mfe dodow a obi adi no, ɔkwan a wɔfa so hu nufu mu kokoram no yɛ ade koro.
1. Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo nufu mu.
2. Bisa a ɛfa sɛnkyerɛnne ne abakɔsɛm ho: Wɔbɛbisa wo wo sɛnkyerɛnne, w’ankasa ne abusua aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm.
3. Mfoniniyɛ mu Nsɔhwɛ: Wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ `(Mammogram)` anaa `(Breast MRI)` de ahwɛ sɛ ebia nufu no mu nyin a ɛnteɛ anaa.
4. Biopsy: Sɛ baabi a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ wɔ hɔ a, woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi hɔ na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu. Wɔde sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hu pefee sɛ ebia ɛyɛ kokoram anaasɛ ɛnte saa.
So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wonnii mfe 40 no mammogram?
Wɔntaa nkamfo nkyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mmea a wonnii mfe 40 a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wɔnyɛ wɔn nufu mu nhwehwɛmu. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow a yɛabobɔ din wɔ atifi hɔ no bi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu mpɛn pii ansa na woadi mfe 40. Sɛ wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo a ɛbɛma woayɛ nhwehwɛmu a, mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Eyi bɛboa ma wɔahu kokoram ntɛm, ansa na atrɛw (akɔ mmeae afoforo) akɔ nipadua no afã afoforo . Eyi bɛma hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wɔbɛsa wo yare na wɔasa wo yare koraa no ayɛ kɛse.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?
Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ kokoram a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛbom asi ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara ho gyinae. Eyi begyina kokoram ko a wowɔ, baabi a atrɛw akɔ, ne sɛ ebia woayɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wobɛwo mma daakye so .
Ebia nea edidi so yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa bɛka ayaresa nhyehyɛe no ho:
- Sɛɛgyiri:Oprehyɛn a wɔbɛyɛ de ayi kokoram akisikuru no nkutoo afi hɔ (lumpectomy) anaa nufu no nyinaa (mastectomy).
- Chemotherapy: Nnuru a wɔde sa yare a ɛsɛe kokoram nkwammoaa.
- Radiation Therapy: Wɔde mframa a ahoɔden kɛse wom sɛe kokoram nkwammoaa.
- Hormone Therapy: Nnuru a esiw hormone ahorow a ɛka kokoram nkwammoaa nyin kwan.
- Targeted Therapy: Nnuru a wɔde si kokoram nkwammoaa nkutoo so pɔtee na wɔtow hyɛ so.
- Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa: W’ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa a wobɛkanyan no ma ako atia kokoram nkwammoaa.
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi ayaresa mu aba?
Sɛ́ ababaa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu eyi titiriw.
Nkɛntɛnso a Ɛwɔ Awo So: Ayaresa te sɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare anaa mframa a wɔde sa yare no betumi atew hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wubenyinsɛn yiye daakye no so. Enti, sɛ wowɔ anidaso sɛ wobɛwo mma a, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa eyi ho na wosusuw akwan horow a wobɛfa so akora awo so ansa na woafi ayaresa ase .
Bio nso, hormone ayaresa betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛte sɛ nea ɛba bere a obi agyae brayɛ mu no aba (sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔhyew a ɛba obi so, nna a ontumi nna). Bio nso, ayaresa betumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ:
- Dadwen anaa adwenemhaw
- Nipadua mfonini ho nsɛm
- Kokoram ho ɔbrɛ
- Ɛyaw (Kokoram mu yaw) .
- Lymphedema a ɛma mogya tu
Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na obi anya ahoɔden afi yare yi mu?
Nea ɛho hia wɔ ha no sen wo mfe, ɛyɛ kokoram ko a wowɔ ne gyinabea a na ɛwɔ bere a wohuu no.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɛ wohu kokoram no bere a ɛwɔ nufu no mu nkutoo a , mfe anum a wɔde tra ase no dɔɔso te sɛ 91%. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nnipa 100 biara mu 91 bɛtra ase na wɔn ho atɔ wɔn wɔ mfe anum akyi.
Sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ ntini a ɛbɛn hɔ a, saa dodow no so tew kakra kodu 86%.
Sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ nnompe, mmerɛbo, anaa ahurututu mu a, saa dodow no so tew kodu 31%.
Mma akontaabu ahorow yi nnyɛ wo hu. Ɛsono obiara tebea. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so anya wo tebea no ho nsɛm a ɛyɛ nokware sen biara ne sɛ wo ne wo kokoram ho ɔyaresafo bɛkasa.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ wo ho?
Sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ kokoram a, ebetumi ayɛ osuahu ahorow a emu yɛ den sen biara a wubehyia pɛn no mu biako. Nkate a ɛba, nkɔmmɔbɔ a emu yɛ den a ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ, nhyehyɛe a enni ano a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ nnuruyɛfo... Eyi nyinaa akyi no, wubenya nna a emu yɛ den, wɔ nipadua ne adwene mu nyinaa. Nanso sɛ wonya mmoa a ɛfata a, wubetumi afa akwantu yi mu.
Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara. W’aduruyɛfo kuw no bɛka wo ho wɔ anammɔn biara a wobɛtu. Bisa wɔn akuw a wɔboa wɔn ho asɛm. Sɛ wo ne nnipa a wɔahyia kokoram wɔ wɔn mmofraase na wɔn ho atɔ wɔn afi mu bɛkasa a, ebetumi ayɛ ahoɔden fibea kɛse. Wɔn suahu bɛma woahu nea wobɛhwɛ kwan wɔ w’anim, na nea ɛsen ne nyinaa no, wobɛte nka sɛ wowɔ obi a ɔte wo ase.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Nufu mu kokoram nyɛ yare bi a ɛka mmea a wɔn mfe akɔ anim kɛkɛ. Mmea nkumaa nso wɔ asiane mu.
- Hwɛ wo nipadua no yiye bere nyinaa, titiriw nsakrae a ɛba wo nufu mu. Sɛ wuhu biribi te sɛ akisikuru, ɛyaw, anaa honam ani nsakrae a, mmu w’ani ngu so na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
- Hu w’abusua kokoram ho abakɔsɛm. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ.
- Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ kokoram na wowɔ anidaso sɛ wobɛwo a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka akwan horow a wɔfa so kora awo so ho asɛm ansa na woafi ayaresa ase .
- Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara na woretu kwan yi. Nsuro sɛ wobɛsrɛ mmoa afi w’aduruyɛ kuw, abusua, nnamfo, ne mmoa akuw hɔ.
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