Yɛn nyinaa ate "komayare" ho asɛm. Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛte sɛ, "Oh, na me ho reyɛ yie, na afei mpofirim ara me nyaa komayare na mewuiɛ." Sɛ yɛte nsɛm a ɛte sɛɛ a, nokwarem no, yɛte ehu nka kakra. Nanso saa "komayare" yi nyɛ yare biako pɛ. Ɛyɛ nyarewa a wɔaboaboa ano a ɛka yɛn koma ne ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ nyarewa yi nyinaa bom sɛ koma ne ntini mu yare . Enti ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka eyi ho asɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ, efisɛ ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ wɔ eyi ho.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne koma ne ntini mu yare?
Fa w’adwene bu wo nipadua sɛ kurow. Koma no ne kurow no mu nsu pɔmpɛ titiriw. Mogya ntini no te sɛ paipu a ɛde nsu fi nsu pɔmpɛ mu kɔ fie biara mu wɔ kurow no mu. Enti, sɛ biribi ankɔ yiye wɔ pɔmpɛ yi anaa nsu afiri no ho a, kurow no nyinaa bɛhwere nsu, ɛnte saa? Saa na ɛte.
Koma ne ntini mu yare yɛ tebea biara a ɛka yɛn koma (pɔmpɛ) anaa yɛn mogya ntini (ntini nhyehyɛe). Nneɛma atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi asi:
- Mogya ntini a ɛwɔ koma no mu anaa nipadua no akwaa afoforo a ɛyɛ teateaa: te sɛ efĩ a esiw nsu paipu mu.
- Koma anaa mogya ntini mu haw a wofi awo mu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, mmerɛwyɛ ahorow bi betumi aba nhyehyɛe yi mu wɔ awo mu.
- Koma Nsuo a Ɛnyɛ Adwuma Yie: Afã bi wɔ koma no mu a ɛte sɛ ɔpon a ɛboa ma mogya kɔ ɔkwan biako pɛ so. Sɛ wɔanto mu anaasɛ wɔanbue yiye a, ɔhaw ahorow betumi aba.
- Koma a ɛbɔ: Nsakrae biara a ɛba koma no mu, te sɛ nea ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm dodo, ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm dodo, anaasɛ ɛbɔ denneennen.
Nnipa binom da yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi bere a wɔanya saa nyarewa yi. Nanso nnipa binom tumi nya saa yare yi wɔ wɔn mu a wonni sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ yɛn nyinaa hu eyi.
Nyarewa yi abu so dɛn ankasa?
Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, eyi abu so kɛse sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Koma ne ntini mu nyarewa ne ade titiriw a ɛde owu ba wɔ Sri Lanka ne wiase nyinaa nso.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara no, ɛyɛ mfomso sɛ yebesusuw sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ɛka wɔn a wɔn mfe akɔ anim nkutoo. Obiara a wadi mfe biara, ɛmfa ho sɛ ɔyɛ ɔbarima anaa ɔbea, betumi anya saa tebea horow yi. Mmea titiriw wɔ asiane kɛse sɛ komayare bewuwu.
Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ saa yare yi? Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?
Eyi yɛ ɔhaw a nnipa pii wɔ. Ɔkwan a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fa so da adi no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina yare ko a obi wɔ so. Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛba nnipa a wɔn mfe akɔ anim ne mmea so no betumi ayɛ nea emu nna hɔ kakra. Nanso ɛnyɛ papa sɛ yebebu yɛn ani agu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so.
Momma yɛnhwɛ nea ɛkyerɛ titiriw wɔ pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfa koma ho | Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mogya ntini afoforo a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu asiw |
|---|---|
| Koko mu yaw anaa ne ho nyɛ no dɛ (Angina): Nkate a ɛma obi ho yɛ den, ne mu duru, anaa ne koko mu yɛ den. | Nan mu akisikuru, titiriw bere a wonam no. |
| Dyspnea: Ɔhome a ɛyɛ tiaa , ɔbrɛ, bere mpo a wonam kwan tiaa bi anaasɛ ɔreforo antweri no. | Akuru a ɛnyɛ nea ɛsa wɔ nan so. |
| Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa anaasɛ obi a ɔtotɔ piti: Nhumu a ɛyera mpofirim. | Wora a ɛyɛ nwini anaa kɔkɔɔ wɔ nan no so. |
| Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka kɛse: Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so a wɔte nka sɛ wonyɛ hwee mpo. | Nan a ɛho ahonhon. |
| Anim anaa nsa/nan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (mpɛn pii no wɔ nipadua no fã biako). | |
| Ɔkasa, hu, anaa nantew a ɛyɛ den (eyinom betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase). |
Dɛn ne nyarewa atitiriw afoforo a ɛka koma ne ntini mu nyarewa kuw no ho?
Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, eyi yɛ nyarewa a wɔaboaboa ano. Nyarewa ahorow atitiriw pii wɔ hɔ a yɛreka ho asɛm.
- Arrhythmia: Eyi yɛ koma a ɛbɔ anaa ɛbɔ a ɛnkɔ so daa a ɛnam dɛmdi bi a ɛwɔ koma no anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe mu nti.
- Valve Disease: Koma mu ntini a entumi mmue yiye anaasɛ ɛnto mu yiye, na ɛma mogya tu kɔ akyi.
- Coronary Artery Disease: Cholesterol ne nneɛma afoforo boaboa ano wɔ mogya ntini (coronary arteries) a ɛde mogya kɔ koma no mu no mu, na esiw ano. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛde komayare ba, sɛnea yɛn nyinaa nim no.
- Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den: Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ koma no agyae adwumayɛ. Ɛyɛ tebea a koma no ntumi mfa mogya a ɛdɔɔso nkɔ nipadua no mu. Eyi betumi ama nsu ayɛ kɛse wɔ ahurututu ne anan mu.
- Peripheral Artery Disease: Ntini a ɛde mogya kɔ akwaa ahorow a ɛwɔ abasa, nan, anaa yafunu mu no a ɛyɛ teateaa anaasɛ esiw.
- Aortic Disease: Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛba aorta, mogya ntini titiriw a ɛde mogya fi koma no mu kɔ amemene no mu ne nipadua no afã afoforo no ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ntini a ɛma mogya tu.
- Komayare a Wɔde Wo Awo: Koma mu dɛmdi a ɛba bere a wɔawo no.
- Pericardial Disease: Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛba wɔ ntini a ɛyɛ tratraa a atwa koma no ho ahyia no ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ hyew (pericarditis).
- Amemene mu Ntini Yare: Mogya ntini a ɛma mogya kɔ amemene no mu no siw. Ade titiriw a ɛde ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase ba.
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu tɔnn (titiriw wɔ nan mu).
Dɛn nti na yenya nyarewa yi? Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba?
Biribiara nni hɔ a ɛde koma ne ntini mu yare ba. Ɛsono nea ɛde ba no gyina yare ko a obi wɔ so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ade titiriw a ɛde `Coronary Artery Disease` ne `Peripheral Artery Disease` ba ne srade te sɛ srade a ɛwɔ ntini no afasu mu (Atherosclerosis).
Nanso, wɔahu nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ obi benya nyarewa yi kɛse. Eyinom bi yɛ nneɛma a yebetumi adi so. Ebinom a yentumi nni so.
| Asiane a Ɛde Ba | Wei kyerɛ sɛ... |
|---|---|
| Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) . | Yɛn nyinaa ka ‘nhyɛso’ a ɛkɔ soro no ho asɛm. Sɛ wɔanhyɛ eyi so a, ɛbɛsɛe koma no ne mogya ntini no. |
| Srade a ɛkɔ soro (Hyperlipidemia) . | Cholesterol ‘bɔne’ dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu. Eyinom ne nea ɛboaboa ano wɔ ntini ahorow no mu. |
| Tawa a wɔde di dwuma | Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sigaretnom, vaping, ne tawa a wɔwe. Eyi sɛe ntini ahorow no tẽẽ. |
| Asikreyare (Asikreyare a Ɛto so Abien) . | Asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu no sɛe mogya ntini bere tenten. |
| Abusua abakɔsɛm | Sɛ w’abusuafo a wɔbɛn wo no mu biako (awofo, anuanom) anya komayare wɔ ne mmofraase a, wo nso wowɔ asiane kɛse mu. |
| Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔnyɛ | Beae biako a wobɛtra a worenteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu. |
| Mu duru a ɛboro so anaa kɛseyɛ mmoroso | Nipadua mu duru a ɛboro so ma obi tenten. |
| Aduan a ahoɔden nnim | Nnuan a nkyene, asikre, ne ngo pii wom a wobedi (titiriw srade a ɛyɛ den). |
| Nsã a wɔnom boro so | Nsã a wɔnom dodo. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo tumi hu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne anaa asiane bi a, wo duruyɛfo bedi kan abisa wo asɛm bi. Obebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, w’abusua abakɔsɛm, ne w’asetra kwan ho asɛm. Afei wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu.
Nea ɛka ho no, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow de asi yare no so dua pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Mogya mu adwuma tumi susuw mogya mu srade, asikre dodow, ne protein soronko a ɛkyerɛ sɛ koma no yɛ yiye.
- Ankle Brachial Index (ABI): Sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den a wɔde mogya mmoroso a ɛwɔ nan ne abasa mu toto ho de hwɛ sɛ ntini a ɛwɔ nan no mu no asiw anaa.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Ɛkyerɛw anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ koma no mu, na ɛma wuhu nneɛma te sɛ sɛnea wo koma bɔ denneennen ne komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Eyi de nnyigyei asorɔkye di dwuma de yɛ koma no ho mfonini a ɛte sɛ video. Eyi ma wutumi hu koma no dan, ntini a ɛwɔ mu, ne sɛnea ɛbɔ mogya no yiye.
- Ultrasound Scan: Wobetumi de nnyigyei asorɔkye adi dwuma de ahu mogya a ɛsen wɔ ntini a ɛwɔ nan ne kɔn mu no mu.
- Koma mu CT ne MRI Scan: Eyinom tumi ma wonya koma ne mogya ntini ho mfonini a emu da hɔ yiye a ɛwɔ afã abiɛsa (3D).
- Adwennwen Sɔhwɛ (Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ EKG): Wɔyɛ EKG bere a wonam anaa wutu mmirika wɔ treadmill so no. Eyi betumi ahu sɛ wo koma mu mogya so tew bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no.
- Cardiac Catheterization (Angiogram): Wɔde afiri bi a ɛyɛ tratraa paa fa ntini bi a ɛwɔ abasa anaa nan mu kɔ koma no ntini mu, wɔde nsu titiriw bi gu mu, na wotumi de X-ray di dwuma de hu baabi pɔtee a ntini no asiw.
Dɛn na woreyɛ sɛ ayaresa?
Ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no gyina wo tebea no ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so. Nanso, wobetumi akyekyɛ ayaresa mu ayɛ no afã atitiriw pii.
1. Asetra mu Nsakrae
Eyi ne ayaresa fapem.
- Aduan a ahoɔden wom: Di nkyene, asikre, ne ngo pii, na di nhabannuru, nnuaba, nhabannuru, ne nnuan a ahoɔdennuru wom pii.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa: Anyɛ yiye koraa no, teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu simma 30 da biara, nna dodow no ara wɔ dapɛn no mu.
- Sigaretnom a wobɛtwe wo ho afi ho koraa: Ɛho hia sɛ wotwe wo ho fi tawa ho nneɛma nyinaa ho, a vaping ka ho.
2. Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma
Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru ahorow a ɛbɛma wo mogya mmoroso, srade, asikreyare, asiw wo mogya a ɛbɛtɔ, na ama wo koma no ayɛ adwuma yiye. Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛnom saa nnuru yi sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
3. Nneɛma a Wɔyɛ anaa Oprehyɛn a Wɔyɛ
Ebia eyinom ho behia wɔ nsɛm a nnuru nkutoo ntumi nni tebea no so no mu.
- Stenting: Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ ahama bɛhyɛ ntini bi a asiw mu na wɔasan abue.
- Oprehyɛn a Wɔyɛ no Bypass:Ntini a asiw no a wobɛtwa ho ahyia, de ntini asinasin bi a wogye afi nipadua no fã foforo so ayɛ ɔkwan foforo.
- Ablation: ‘Melting’ na ɛsɛe mmeae a ɛwɔ koma no mu a ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnteɛ a ɛma koma bɔ a ɛnteɛ.
4. Koma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Eyi yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ne afotu nhyehyɛe a nnuruyɛfo hwɛ so a ebetumi aboa ma koma no ayɛ den.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm anaasɛ wokɔ ETU?
Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛnsɛ sɛ wubu w'ani gu so . Eyinom betumi ayɛ komayare anaa akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo Emergency Department (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- koko mu yaw mpofirim, ɛyɛ den, emu yɛ duru, anaasɛ ɛnyɛ wo dɛ (titiriw bere a woabrɛ) .
- a wode toto mpofirim (syncope) anaase n’adwene mu yera.
- ahome tiaa a emu ye den (titiriw se eye foforo anaase ebeye den) .
- yaw anaase ewo a ewo nsa/nan mu.
- a ewo yaw a emu ye den wo akyi, te se se etete.
Mmu w’ani ngu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi so. Ayaresa a ɛba bere ano betumi agye obi nkwa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Koma ne ntini mu yare nyɛ yareɛ baako, na mmom ɛyɛ nyarewa a wɔaboaboa ano a ɛka koma ne mogya ntini.
- Hu bere nyinaa wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ wo koko mu yaw, ahome a ɛyɛ den, ne akisikuru.
- Ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ wo mogya mmoroso, srade a ɛwɔ wo mu, ne asikreyare so. Sɛ wobɛyɛ eyi a, kɔ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
- Gyae sigaretnom ne nsa a wɔnom a ɛho nhia koraa. Eyi yɛ mmoa kɛse ma wo koma.
- Ma aduan pa ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ da biara da nyɛ w’asetra fã.
- Fa aduru no di dwuma sɛnea oduruyɛfo no akyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ, bere a ɔka no.
- Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara a emu yɛ den a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara anaasɛ wobɛkɔ ayaresabea hɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).
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