Sɛ́ ɛna, ɔyere, ne ɔbea a ɔyɛ adwuma no, yenim sɛnea wunni adagyew da mũ nyinaa. Wɔ ofie nnwuma, mmofra, ne ɔfese adwuma nyinaa akyi no, mmere pii wɔ hɔ a wo werɛ fi wo ho. Nanso wɔ eyinom nyinaa mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw w’akwahosan ho nso. Efisɛ sɛ wowɔ apɔwmuden nkutoo a wubetumi ahwɛ w’abusua mufo a aka no yiye. Ɛno nti na, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka asɛmti bi a mmea pii suro sɛ wɔbɛka ho asɛm, nanso akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu ho asɛm. Ɛno ne awotwaa mu kokoram ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu no ntɛm.
Dɛn ankasa ne awotwaa mu kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ nhwehwɛmu kwan a wɔfa so hwehwɛ awotwaa mu kokoram anaa nkwammoaa mu nsakrae a ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram daakye, ansa na woanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne mpo. Eyi te sɛ nea worehwehwɛ ofie bi fapem mu ansa na woasi no sɛ ebia mpaapaemu anaa mpaapaemu bi wɔ mu anaa. Botae a ɛwɔ ha ne sɛ wubehu nea ɛde ɔhaw bi ba no ntini ansa na afi ase mpo.
Akwan atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sɔ eyi hwɛ. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ɔkwan a ɛfata wo kɛse akyerɛ wo.
- HPV nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ ebia human papillomavirus (HPV) a ɛyɛ kokoram a asiane kɛse wom a ebetumi ama obi anya awotwaa mu kokoram no wɔ hɔ anaa. HPV ne ade titiriw a ɛde awotwaa mu kokoram ba wɔ nsɛm dodow no ara mu.
- Pap test (Pap smear): Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ nkwammoaa bi a efi w’awotwaa mu mu hwɛ sɛ ebia nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ saa nkwammoaa no mu, anaasɛ ɛyɛ nkwammoaa a kokoram anaasɛ kokoram ansa na aba.
- HPV/Pap cotest: Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, sɔhwɛ yi ka atifi hɔ nhwehwɛmu abien no nyinaa bom. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔsɔ nhwɛsode koro no ara hwɛ sɛ HPV mmoawa no wɔ hɔ anaa, na sɛ ebia nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ wɔ nkwammoaa no mu anaa.
Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi? Henanom na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wɔn?
Asɛmmisa a nnipa pii wɔ ne sɛ, "Menni ɔhaw biara, enti adɛn nti na mɛyɛ sɔhwɛ te sɛ eyi?"
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne eyi. Awotwaa mu kokoram nkyerɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara wɔ ne mfiase. Edu bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bɛda adi no, ebia na kokoram no anya nkɔso dedaw. Ɛno nti na sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ bere ano, sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ mpo a, ɛyɛ ade a egye nkwa.
Mpɛn pii no, ɛho hia sɛ mmea a wɔadi fi mfe 21 kosi 65 nyinaa yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi. Sɛ mpo woanya HPV vaccine no a, ɛsɛ sɛ woda so ara yɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi wɔ bere ano. Eyi te saa efisɛ, bere a aduru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban no bɔ HPV ahorow atitiriw a ɛde kokoram ba no ho ban no, ɛmmɔ ho ban mfi ahorow nyinaa ho.
Sɛ woadi mfe yi mu na wonnya nyɛɛ sɔhwɛ yi a, ɛnkaa akyiri dodo. Mma nsuro anaa n’ani nnwu. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa nnɛ na yɛ nhyehyɛe ma eyi. Saa sɔhwɛ yi betumi ahu sɛnea ebetumi aba sɛ obi benya kokoram ntɛm na asa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ yɛwɔ hokwan kɛse sɛ yebesiw kokoram ano .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ adwuma?
Saa adeyɛ yi nyɛ den anaasɛ ɛnyɛ yaw sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Wo duruyɛfo (mmea ho ɔyaresafo anaa abusua oduruyɛfo) de brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye bedi dwuma de agye nkwammoaa bi afi wo awotwaa no ani. Eyi begye simma kakraa bi pɛ. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ kakra, nanso ɛnyɛ yaw.
Afei wɔde saa nkwammoaa nhwɛsode yi kɔ aduruyɛdan (`lab`). Ɛhɔ na wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛfa ho (HPV, Pap, anaa n’abien nyinaa) na wɔde nea efi mu ba no ma.
Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ sɔhwɛ yi?
Eyi gyina mfe a woadi ne w’akwahosan mu asiane dodow so. Pon a ɛwɔ aseɛ ha no de akwankyerɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma wɔ mmerɛ a wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nhwehwɛmu mma mmea a sɛ wɔkyekyɛ mu a, asiane mu. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a esiw wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ano, anaasɛ woanya biribi a ɛnteɛ afi nhwehwɛmu bi a woadi kan ayɛ mu a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔtaa yɛ wo nhwehwɛmu . Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ onipa a oye sen biara a obetu wo fo wɔ eyi ho.
| Mfe a Mfe Kuw | Sɔhwɛ & Mpɛn dodow a Wɔkamfo kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Mfe 21 kosi 29 a wɔadi | Pap sɔhwɛ nkutoo. Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ nea ɛfata a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no mfe 3 biara . Wɔntaa nkamfo HPV nhwehwɛmu nkyerɛ wɔ mfe a wɔadi yi mu, efisɛ mpɛn pii no HPV yare no ankasa fi hɔ. |
| Mfe 30 kosi 65 a wɔadi | Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wo ne wo duruyɛfo betumi apaw:
|
Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛsɛ sɛ misiesie me ho ansa na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Sɛ wubenya nea efi mu ba no pɛpɛɛpɛ a, nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu wɔ nna a edi sɔhwɛ no anim no mu. Wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo wɔ eyi ho, nanso eyinom ne akwankyerɛ a wɔde ma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so:
- Kwati nna abien ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no.
- Kwati sɛ wode biribiara bɛhyɛ ɔbea no awotwaa mu nna abien ansa na wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, tampon, aduru a wɔde hyɛ ɔbea awotwaa mu, ne nnuru a wɔde srade gu mu.
- Bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no ho nhyehyɛe da a wo nna agyae .
Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ no bere a obi rekɔ brayɛ mpo. Enti, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw eyi ho bere a woreyɛ nhyehyɛe akɔhwɛ no.
Dɛn ne nea efi mu ba na dɛn na ɛkyerɛ?
Ebetumi agye bɛyɛ adapɛn abiɛsa ansa na wɔanya sɔhwɛ no mu aba. Yɛbɛhwɛ nea wɔkyerɛ bere a wɔasan aba no.
| Nea efi mu ba no Type | Nkyerɛase a Ɛyɛ Mmerewa |
|---|---|
| Normal / Nea enye | Eyi ne asɛmpa a eye sen biara! Lab no anhu biribiara a ɛnteɛ wɔ wo nkwammoaa mu. Sɛ woyɛɛ HPV nhwehwɛmu a, ɛbɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔanhu mmoawa no. |
| Ɛnyɛ ne kwan so / Positive | Eyi kyerɛ sɛ lab no ahu nsakrae bi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ nkwammoaa no mu. HPV nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa no wɔ nipadua no mu. Mma nea afi mu aba yi nnyɛ wo hu. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram. |
| Ɛnyɛ nea emu da hɔ / Ɛnyɛ nea abotɔyam wom | Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wontumi nka no pen sɛ ebia nkwammoaa no te sɛ nea ɛteɛ anaasɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata, esiane sɛ nkwammoaa a wɔfaa no nhwɛsode no nnɔɔso anaasɛ esiane biribi foforo nti. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ Pap nhwehwɛmu foforo. |
Kae sɛ mpɛn pii no, nea efi mu ba a ‘ɛnyɛ ne kwan so’ no nkyerɛ kokoram. Nkwammoaa mu nsakrae nso betumi afi tebea horow a ɛnyɛ kokoram te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaa ɔfe mu aba. Enti ɛho hia sɛ woremmɔ hu wɔ nea ebefi mu aba no ho na wudi anammɔn a edi hɔ a wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ fa no akyi.
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ ‘Abnormal’ a, dɛn na ɛba akyi?
Sɛ nea efi mu ba no nyɛ nea ɛfata a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo bi na ama woahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.
- Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ sɛ ebia kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ntini a ɛho ahonhon anaa.
- Colposcopy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde hann ne adwinnade soronko bi a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse (`colposcope`) bedi dwuma de ahwɛ awotwaa no ani yiye sɛ ebia nkwammoaa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so wɔ hɔ anaa. Eyi te sɛ ayaresabea nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa.
- Biopsy: Sɛ wohu baabi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so bere a wɔreyɛ colposcopy a, wɔfa ntini ketewaa bi na wɔde kɔma wɔnkɔhwɛ wɔ microscope mu. Wei na ɛma kwan ma wɔde nsɛm a etwa toɔ na ɛyɛ pintinn paa - sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛnteɛ no yɛ kokoram, nkwammoaa a ɛrenya nkɔsoɔ abɛyɛ kokoram, anaa nsakraeɛ a ɛnam biribi foforɔ a ɛde ba nti.
Sɛ wodi anammɔn yi akyi a, wobetumi ahu ɔhaw biara ntɛm ara na wɔde ayaresa a ɛnyɛ den asa koraa.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Awotwaa mu kokoram nhwehwɛmu fa kokoram a wobesiw ano ho kɛse sen sɛ wobehu sɛ obi anya bi. Eyi yɛ akyɛde a ɛsom bo sen biara a wubetumi de ama wo ho no mu biako.
- Sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo a, sɛ woadi fi mfe 21 kosi 65 , yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi wɔ nhyehyɛe a woyɛ no daa mu. Eyi yɛ ahyɛde sɛ mpo woanya HPV vaccine no a.
- Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom na ɛnyɛ den yiye a egye simma kakraa bi pɛ. Mfa wo nkwa nna nyinaa mu ɔhaw nto asiane mu.
- Sɛ wunya nea efi mu ba a ‘ɛnyɛ ne kwan so’ a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛkyerɛ kokoram. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara ne sɛ sɔhwɛ foforo ho hia.
- Fa wo suro ne aniwu a wowɔ wɔ eyi ho no to nkyɛn na wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa pefee. Bisa wo nsɛmmisa. Sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den yi betumi agye wo nkwa.
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