Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ebia woate sɛ wɔreka sɛ, "Momma yɛnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu," ɛnte saa? Mpɛn pii no, wɔreka Complete Blood Count, anaa CBC sɔhwɛ a yɛn nyinaa nim no ho asɛm. Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a abu so yiye, a ɛyɛ mfitiasede. Nanso sɛ wunya amanneɛbɔ no a, ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wuhu nkyerɛwde ne nɔma ahorow a ɛwɔ so no a, wobɛte ehu ne ehu kakra nka. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea ɛwɔ CBC amanneɛbɔ yi mu ne nea ɛka ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye so, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.
Dɛn ne CBC sɔhwɛ yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, CBC yɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔkan nkwammoaa ahorow atitiriw a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no. Yɛn mogya nyɛ nsu kɔkɔɔ bi kɛkɛ. Nkwammoaa ahorow pii a ɛho hia ma yɛn nipadua wɔ mu. CBC no hwɛ nkwammoaa ahorow abiɛsa yi titiriw: mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ , mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa , ne mogya nkwammoaa .
Afei, ma yɛnhwɛ bere a oduruyɛfo bi bɛkra CBC nhwehwɛmu yi:
- Sɛ́ akwahosan ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ daa no fã: Sɛ wunni yare biara mpo a, wobetumi ayɛ eyi de ahwɛ ahu sɛ biribiara ye.
- Hwehwɛ nea ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba: Eyi bɛboa wo ma woahu nea ɛde nneɛma te sɛ mmerɛwyɛ, ɔbrɛ, atiridiinini, ne akuru a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobɛte nka bere nyinaa ba .
- Hwɛ sɛ Mogya a Ɛtɔ So: Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so ahu no yiye sɛ wowɔ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, a abu so wɔ nnipa pii mu wɔ Sri Lanka no ne sɛ wobɛyɛ CBC.
- Hwɛ tebea bi a woadi kan anya so: Sɛ wowɔ yare bi a ɛfa mogya ho a, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi daa de hwɛ sɛnea ɛte.
- Hwɛ sɛnea nnuru no tumi yɛ adwuma: Eyi ho hia na ama woahu sɛ ebia nnuru a wonom, titiriw nea wɔde sa kokoram (chemotherapy) no bi renya wo mogya mu nkwammoaa so nkɛntɛnso anaa.
Woyɛ dɛn yɛ sɔhwɛ yi?
Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye na wobetumi awie wɔ simma kakraa bi mu. Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ adwumaden kɛse.
Sɛ woreyɛ CBC nhwehwɛmu kɛkɛ a, wubetumi adidi na woanom sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nanso, sɛ woreyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo, te sɛ asikre a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu mmuadadi mu nhwehwɛmu a, wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ nnidi anaa nnom nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi. Sɛ wokɔ lab a, ɔyarehwɛfo anaa lab technician bi de syringe ketewa bi bɛfa mogya ketewaa bi afi ntini bi a ɛwɔ wo nsa mu mu. Egye simma kakraa bi pɛ na ɛte sɛ ntɛtea ketewaa bi a wɔabɔ no. Ɛno akyi no, wubetumi akɔ fie sɛnea ɛsɛ. Wɔde afiri na ɛsɔ mogya no hwɛ wɔ aduruyɛdan mu na wɔyɛ amanneɛbɔ no.
Nea CBC amanneɛbɔ no ka ne sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, gyinapɛn ahorow
Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ amanneɛbɔ yi afã horow a ɛho hia sen biara ne nea ɛkyerɛ. Mede eyi ahyɛ pon bi mu wɔ ase hɔ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mobɛte ase ntɛm. Kae sɛ, saa ‘gyinabea ahorow a ɛfata’ yi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ lab biara mu, a egyina mfe a obi adi ne ɔbarima anaa ɔbea so.
| Nea wɔresɔ ahwɛ (ahyɛnsode) . | Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu Range |
|---|---|---|
| Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa (WBCs) . | Ɛte sɛ amu no polisini. Ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho denam mmoawa a ɛko tia so. Eyinom mu pii dodo betumi ama obi anya ɔyare mmoawa. Kakraa dodo betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya yare no ayɛ kɛse. | 4,500 - 11,000 nkwammoaa wɔ microliter biara mu |
| Mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ (RBCs) . | Wɔgye mframa pa fi ahurututu mu na wɔkyekyɛ kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu. Sɛ eyinom sa a, tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no "anemia" ba. | Ɔbarima: 4.5 - 5.9 ɔpepem/mcL Mmea: 4.1 - 5.1 ɔpepem/mcL |
| Hemoglobin (Hb anaa Hgb) . | Eyi ne protein a ɛkura oxygen wɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ mu. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛkyerɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu. | Mmarima: 14 - 17.5 gm/dL Mmea: 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL |
| Hematocrit (Hct) a ɛma mogya tu . | Ɛkyerɛ wo mogya mu ɔha biara mu nkyem ahe na nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ na ɛwom. Sɛ ɛba fam a, ebia dade a ɛwɔ wo mu no sua. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro a, ebia nsu bɛtɔ wo. | Ɔbarima: 41.5% - 50.4% Ɔbaa:35.9% - 44.6% na ɛwɔ hɔ. |
| MCV (Ntini a Ɛma Ntini Mu Nnyigyei a Ɛkyerɛ) . | Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ kɛse. Sɛ wɔsõ dodo a, ebetumi ayɛ vitamin B12 anaa folate a wonni ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ wɔyɛ nketewa dodo a, ebetumi ayɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne, te sɛ dade a enni nipadua no mu. | 80 - 96 na ɛwɔ hɔ |
| Nkwammoaa mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu | Saa nkwammoaa yi boa ma mogya gyae na ɛma mogya tu bere a obi apira no. | 150,000 - 450,000/mcL na ɛyɛ adwuma |
Nea ɛho hia yiye: Nnyina gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ pon yi so mmu wo tebea no atɛn. Wo duruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi ahwehwɛ amanneɛbɔ yi mu pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɔde aka wo sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo ne w’akwahosan tebea horow ho de aka asɛm no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Asɛm yi ma wunya eyi ho ntease titiriw bi nkutoo.
Dɛn bio na ebetumi aba wɔ CBC amanneɛbɔ no mu?
Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ oduruyɛfo no pɛ sɛ ɔhwehwɛ wo tebea no mu kɔ akyiri a, ɔde n’adwene besi nsɛm kakraa bi a ɛwɔ CBC amanneɛbɔ no mu so. Ɛwom sɛ edin a wɔde frɛ wɔn no yɛ den kakra sɛ wɔbɛbɔ de, nanso nea ɛkyerɛ no yɛ mmerɛw koraa.
- MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin): Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, hemoglobin dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ biako mu.
- MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration): Ɛsusuw hemoglobin dodow a ɛwɔ mogya dodow bi mu.
- RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width): Kyerɛ sɛnea ɛsono wo nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ no kɛse. Ɛnyɛ nkwammoaa nyinaa na ne kɛse yɛ pɛ.
- Reticulocyte Count: Ɛkyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ennyinii, anaasɛ wɔayɛ foforo, dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.
- MPV (Mean Platelet Volume): Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, wo mogya nkwammoaa no kɛse.
- PDW (Platelet Distribution Width): Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea mogya nkwammoaa kɛse gu ahorow.
- Mogya Nkwammoaa Fitaa Nsonsonoe: Mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow 5 na ɛwɔ hɔ (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils). Saa sɔhwɛ yi kyerɛ sɛnea emu biara mu dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ wɔ ɔkwan soronko so. Eyi betumi ama woanya nneɛma te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa anaasɛ akisikuru ho adwene a emu da hɔ.
Ɛnam eyinom nyinaa a ɔde bɛka abom so na oduruyɛfo no nya w’akwahosan nyinaa ho ntease. Enti sɛ botae biako a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu no korɔn anaasɛ ɛba fam a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Ebetumi ayɛ bere tiaa mu tebea.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- CBC yɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia yiye, a ɛyɛ mfitiasede a ɛma wonya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ho nsɛm.
- Eyi betumi ama wɔanya mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu, ɔyare mmoawa, ne akwahosan ho haw afoforo dodow bi ho nsɛnkyerɛnne.
- Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu sɛ w’amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛ boɔ a ɛwɔ ‘normal range’ no akyi a. Ntease pii betumi ama eyi aba.
- Adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wode wo CBC amanneɛbɔ no bɛkyerɛ wo duruyɛfoɔ na woabisa no nkyerɛkyerɛmu. Mma nhwehwɛ wɔ intanɛt so kɛkɛ anaasɛ mmɔ mmɔden sɛ w’ankasa wubehu yare no.
- Sɛ woante nea wo duruyɛfo rekyerɛkyerɛ mu no ase a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa nsɛm bio. Ɛyɛ wo hokwan sɛ wɔbɔ w’akwahosan ho amanneɛ.
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