So woahu sɛ obi anya "fit" mpofirim pɛn? Obiara suro bere a ohu nneɛma te sɛ nipadua a ɛrewosow ne nea ɛyera a, ɛnte saa? Yɛtaa frɛ tebea yi sɛ akisikuru. Enti, dɛn ankasa ne akisikuru? Dɛn nti na eyi ba? So ɛyɛ hu? Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm tiawa koraa, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.
Dɛn na ɛkɔ so ankasa wɔ amemene no mu?
Sɛ yɛbɛte eyi ase a, momma yɛmfa nhwɛso ketewaa bi. Fa no sɛ yɛn amemene te sɛ anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe bi a ɛwɔ ofie mu. Nkwammoaa (neurons) a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no nam anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete so de nkrasɛm kɔma wɔn ho wɔn ho. Biribiara kɔ so wɔ nhyehyɛe pa mu, na ɛyɛ nnyigyei a ɛyɛ dɛ so.
Nanso, wɔ obi a ɔwɔ akisikuru amemene mu no, anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne nhyehyɛe yi ‘yɛ adwuma tiawa’ mpofirim. Nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ amemene no fã biako anaa nea ɛboro saa no fi ase tow tuo mpofirim a wontumi nni so, na ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛboro so ba. Te sɛ anyinam a ɛretu. Ɛno ne bere a yenya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no akisikuru . Saa anyinam ahoɔden a ɛhaw no yi ma obi ntumi nhu, ne ho popo, na ɔsakra ne suban.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, akisikuru nyɛ yare bi kɛkɛ. Ɛyɛ tebea a enni sabea a ɛba wɔ amemene no anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi mu. Akisikuru biako nkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru. Sɛ akisikuru ba mpɛn pii a, ebetumi ayɛ akisikuru.
Akisikuru ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ?
Sɛ yɛn mu dodow no ara susuw ‘fit’ ho a, yesusuw tebea a emu yɛ den a yɛhwe fam, yɛn ho popo, na yɛtow nsu ho. Nanso so wunim sɛ akisikuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ? Yebetumi akyekyɛ eyinom mu akuw atitiriw abien: biako gyina baabi a akisikuru no fi ase wɔ amemene no mu so.
| Seizure kuw no mu | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow |
|---|---|
| 1. Focal Onset Seizures a Wɔde Wɔn Ho Hyehyɛ Mu | Eyinom fi ase wɔ beae pɔtee bi wɔ amemene no fã biako. Eyi nso wɔ ahorow abien. Focal Aware Seizure a Wɔde Di Dwuma: • Saa bere yi de, ɔyarefo no ani da hɔ na otumi te nneɛma a ɛrekɔ so wɔ ne ho nka. • Tingling, te sɛ nea ɛwɔ nsa anaa nan biako mu. • Hua anaa dɛ bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wobɛte nka mpofirim. • Sɛ wote nka sɛ worehu akanea wɔ w’ani so, w’adwene tu fra. Focal Impaired Awareness Seizure a Wɔde Wɔn Ho Hyehyɛ Mu: • Saa bere yi, ebia w’adwene bɛyera kakra, anaasɛ worenhu nneɛma a atwa wo ho ahyia. • Hwɛ a wobɛhwɛ no yiye. • Nneɛma koro no ara a wobɛsan ayɛ no mpɛn pii, te sɛ anofafa a wobɛbɔ, nsa a wode bɛpetepete, anaa aniwa a wobɛbɔ. |
| 2. Akisikuru a ɛtrɛw kɔ amemene no nyinaa mu prɛko pɛ (Generalized Onset Seizures) . | Eyinom ka amemene no afã abien no nyinaa prɛko pɛ. Ahorow a yɛtaa hu no ka saa kuw yi ho. Absence Akisikuru: • Eyi taa to mmofra nkumaa. Wogyae nea wɔreyɛ no mpofirim simma kakraa bi na wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔn ani nna hɔ. Ɛte sɛ nea wɔakɔ adaeso wiase bi mu. Nnipa pii di mfomso susuw sɛ eyi yɛ dae awia. Tonic-Clonic Akisikuru: • Eyi ne ‘fit’ a yɛn nyinaa nim (edin dedaw Grand Mal). • Mpofirim ara, w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa na wohwe fam. Nea edi kan no, wo nipadua no yɛ den (Tonic phase), afei wo nipadua no fi ase twitwiw (Clonic phase). • Tɛkrɛma a ɛbɛbɔ, nnompe a ɛbɛtɔ, ne nsuo/nsuo a ɛwɔ ntadeɛ so betumi aba. Eyi taa di simma 1-5 ntam. Atonic Akisikuru: • Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ‘Drop Seizure’. Nipadua no ntini no hwere tumi mpofirim na wohwe fam, te sɛ abofra a ne nhama abubu. Myoclonic Akisikuru: • Abasa, nan, anaa nipadua mũ no nyinaa a ɛwosow mpofirim, te sɛ nea anyinam abɔ no. Eyi kɔ so bere tiaa bi, bɛyɛ sekan biako anaa abien. |
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛkanyan akisikuru?
Ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na obi a ɔwɔ akisikuru no nya akisikuru. Nanso nneɛma bi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya akisikuru no ayɛ kɛse. Yɛfrɛ saa nneɛma a ɛkanyan saa yi . Eyinom betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho.
- Nnuru a wobɛma agyae: Eyi ne ade titiriw nti. Sɛ woannom nnuru a oduruyɛfo no akyerɛ wo no bere ano a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo.
- Da a wonnya: Nneɛma te sɛ nna a wonnya ne mmɔdenbɔ a ɛboro so betumi aka amemene no.
- Adwennwen: Nneɛma te sɛ nhyɛso a ɛboro so ne dadwen nso betumi de akisikuru aba.
- Yare ne atiridiinini: Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn nipadua no mu na atiridii ba a, amemene no dwumadi tumi sesa.
- Hann a ɛhyerɛn: Akanea a ɛhyerɛn, video so agodie bi, ne television so dwumadi ahorow betumi aka nnipa binom.
- Nsã ne nnubɔne:Asanom a wɔnom, titiriw bere a wɔretwe wɔn ho afi ho no betumi ama obi anya akisikuru.
- Nkwammoaa mu nsakrae a ɛba mmea mu: Mmea binom nya akisikuru a nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ɛbata wɔn brayɛ ho no ba.
- Nnuru bi: Ebia wɔbɛbara nnuru bi a wɔde sa atiridii ne akisikuru (sɛ nhwɛso no, nea diphenhydramine wom) wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ atiridiinini ho.
Dɛn na ɛde atiridiinini ba?
Mpɛn pii no, bɛyɛ 70% no, wontumi nhu ade pɔtee biara a ɛde atiridiinini ba. Nanso, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wɔahu.
- Awosu: Sɛ abusua no mu obi wɔ atiridiinini a, asiane ketewaa bi wɔ hɔ sɛ afoforo nso benya bi. Nanso ɛnkyerɛ sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wobenya wɔn.
- Ti a Wopirapira: Ti a wopirapira kɛse, te sɛ nea efi kar akwanhyia anaa asehwe mu ba no betumi asɛe amemene no na ama obi awosow.
- Amemene mu yare: Nyarewa te sɛ amemene mu yare ne amemene mu yare a ɛsɛe amemene no betumi de saa tebea yi aba.
- Akisikuru ne Amemene mu Akisikuru: Sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ amemene no mu no twa esiane akisikuru nti anaasɛ amemene mu akisikuru bi ba a, amemene mu nkwammoaa betumi asɛe na akisikuru betumi afi ase.
- Nsɛnnennen a ɛba wɔ awo mu: Akisikuru nso betumi afi mframa pa a enni amemene no mu bere a wɔawo no, anaasɛ ɔhaw ahorow bi a ɛwɔ amemene no nkɔso mu.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu eyi?
Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ɔbɛsrɛ wo ne obiara a ohuu sɛnea wɔkyeree no no sɛ wɔnkyerɛkyerɛ nea esii no mu.
Nea ɛka ho no, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ atitiriw abien.
1. EEG (Electroencephalography): Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode nneɛma nketenkete a ɛma wohu nneɛma bata wo ti ho na wokyerɛw anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ w’amemene mu no. Sɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, ebetumi ahu nneɛma bi a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so.
2. Amemene mu Nhwehwɛmu: Sɔhwɛ te sɛ MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan betumi ahwɛ sɛ ebia amemene no mu asɛe ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ akisikuru, akuru, anaa akisikuru.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?
Akisikuru nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wosuro, efisɛ ɛyɛ tebea a wobetumi adi so kɛse.
Nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru
Ayaresa titiriw ne nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru. Ayarefo bɛyɛ 70% tumi de nnuru di wɔn akisikuru no so koraa. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina wo akisikuru ko, mfe a woadi, ne ayaresa tebea afoforo so apaw aduru a ɛfata ama wo. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wunnyae w’aduru no nom da anaasɛ worensesa dodow a wode ma no da a wo duruyɛfo mfa afotu mma.
Aduane Ho Ayaresa
Wɔ mmofra binom fam, titiriw wɔn a wɔnyɛ wɔn ade yiye wɔ nnuru ho no, oduruyɛfo betumi akamfo aduan titiriw bi te sɛ ketogenic aduan akyerɛ . Eyi yɛ aduan a srade pii wom, na carbohydrate kakraa bi na ɛwom.
Sɛɛgyiri
Wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ akisikuru a nnuru ntumi nni so na efi ase wɔ beae biako wɔ amemene no mu fam no, oprehyɛn yɛ ɔkwan a wobetumi afa so. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobeyi amemene no fã a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a akisikuru no fi ase no afi hɔ. Bere a eyi ntumi nyɛ yiye mma obiara de, nanso ebetumi adi yiye kɛse ama onipa a ɔfata.
Mmere a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye
Mpɛn pii no, akisikuru no ankasa gyae wɔ simma 1-2 mu, nanso wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.
Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ntɛm ara:
* Sɛ akisikuru no kyɛ bɛboro simma 5 a.
* Sɛ akisikuru biako ba awiei na foforo ba ansa na n’adwene asan aba a.
* Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome bere a worenya akisikuru no a.
* Sɛ akisikuru bi ma obi pira kɛse a.
* Sɛ ɔbea a onyinsɛn anaa obi a ɔwɔ asikreyare nya akisikuru a.
Asɛmfua bi a ɛfa SUDEP ho
Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wuhu. SUDEP (Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy) yɛ bere a obi a ɔwɔ akisikuru wu mpofirim a biribiara a ɛda adi sɛ ɛde ba. Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Nnipa a wontumi nni akisikuru so yiye no wɔ asiane kɛse mu. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so atew asiane yi so ne sɛ wobɛnom wo nnuru sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ na woadi wo akisikuru no so.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Epilepsy nyɛ adwenemyare anaa biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ aniwu. Ɛyɛ amemene no mu ntini mu yare.
- Nnipa dodow no ara tumi de nnuru di wɔn akisikuru so yiye na wɔtra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ.
- Ɛho hia sɛ wonom aduru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu ne dodow a ɛfata mu. Mma w’ankasa nnnyae w’aduru nom da.
- Hu nneɛma a ɛkanyan wo akisikuru na kwati sɛnea wubetumi biara (e.g., nna, adwennwen ano aduru).
- Sɛ wowɔ adwenemhaw a, ɛho hia sɛ woma w’abusua ne wo nnamfo paa hu ho asɛm sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi aboa wo wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa, ehu, anaa adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ eyi ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw ho pefee.
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