So wo koma asesa saa? Momma yɛnka Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) ho asɛm!

So woate komayare bi a koma ntini no yɛ kɛse kɛkɛ, na ɛyɛ den kakra ho asɛm pɛn? Ɛtɔ da bi mpo a, ebia wunnim sɛ wowɔ bi, efisɛ nnipa binom nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Nanso ɛho hia sɛ wohu efisɛ ɛka koma no. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, anaa `HCM' ho asɛm wɔ nnuruyɛfo mu. Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛka ho asɛm tiawa, wɔ ɔkwan a wobɛte ase so.

Momma yenni kan nhwɛ nea HCM yɛ?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛka wo koma ntini. Ebetumi afi nneɛma atitiriw kakraa bi mu aba:

• Koma no ntini a ɛyɛ den: Titiriw koma no ase adan a yɛfrɛ no ventricles no wɔ afasu a ɛyɛ den.
• Benkum so ahurututu a ɛyɛ den: Pia titiriw a ɛwɔ koma no benkum so (benkum so ahurututu) no yɛ den, na ɛnyɛ den pii te sɛ rɔba.
• Mitral valve nsakrae: Nsakrae betumi aba mitral valve, valve a ɛho hia wɔ koma no mu no dwumadi mu.
• Nkwammoaa mu nsakrae: Nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ ba koma ntini mu nkwammoaa mu (nkwaboaa mu nsakrae).

Saa nneɛma yi betumi de ɔhaw bi aba koma no dwumadi mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na HCM tebea yi ka wo nipadua?

Okay, afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea nsakrae yi yɛ nipadua no ankasa.

Myocardium a ɛyɛ den

Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw a wohu wɔ HCM mu. Mpɛn pii no, saa a ɛyɛ den yi ba ɔfasu a ɛtetew koma no benkum ne nifa mu, a wɔfrɛ no `(septum).` Fa no sɛ, sɛ saa septum yi a ɛda koma no ase adan `(venttricles)` ntam no yɛ den a, ebetumi asiw ɔkwan a mogya fa so fi benkum ventricle mu kɔ aorta, mogya ntini titiriw a ɛde mogya kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu no ano. Yɛfrɛ eyi `(outflow tract obstruction)`. Afei ɛsɛ sɛ koma no yɛ adwumaden kɛse na ama mogya no atwam wɔ ɔkwan a esiw kwan yi so. HCM ko a esiw ɔkwan a mogya fa so no, wɔfrɛ no `(Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy - HOCM)`.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, koma no afã afoforo te sɛ apex, nifa ventricle, anaa benkum ventricle nyinaa betumi ayɛ den. Wɔ tebea horow yi mu no, mogya no nsiw kwan. Nanso, mogya dodow a ventricle no tumi di ho dwuma no so tew. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ Hypertrophic Nonobstructive Cardiomyopathy.

Benkum Ventricular a Ɛyɛ Den

Sɛ koma ntini no yɛ den a, nsakrae a ɛba saa nkwammoaa no mu no ma benkum so ahurututu no ntumi nnye n’ahome yiye na mogya hyɛ mu ma. Dɛn na ɛba saa bere no? Esiane sɛ mogya kakraa bi na ɛwɔ dan no mu nti, wɔmfa mogya a oxygen pii wom nkɔ nipadua no akwaa ne ntini afoforo no mu. Saa a ɛyɛ den yi nso ma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ koma no mu no yɛ kɛse, na ebia wubehu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Koko mu yaw
• Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa anaasɛ obi a ɔtotɔ piti
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo koma rebɔ ntɛmntɛm (palpitations) .

Mitral Valve Nsakrae a Ɛba

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ benkum so ventricular outflow tract no siw a, ebia mitral valve a ɛwɔ koma no mu no rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Eyi betumi asiw mogya a ɛbɛkɔ no kwan na ama nhyɛso a ɛwɔ benkum so ahurututu no mu no ayɛ kɛse.

Nea ɛde saa kwan a esiw yi ba ne mitral valve a ɛbɔ septum a ayɛ den no. Sɛ eyi ba a, mitral valve no ntoto yiye na mogya betumi asan akɔ benkum atrium no mu.

Nkwammoaa mu Nsakrae

Sɛ wode afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ no yiye a, wɔanhyehyɛ obi a ɔwɔ HCM koma ntini nkwammoaa no tẽẽ, na mmom wɔayɛ no basabasa kakra. Saa ɔhaw yi betumi ama nsakrae aba anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛfa koma no ase adan mu no mu, na ɛde koma no nnyigyei a ɛnteɛ a wɔfrɛ no ventricular arrhythmia aba. Eyi betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom.

Wɔfrɛ tebea yi sɛ HCM abu so dɛn?

Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 1.5 wɔ United States nkutoo, anaasɛ bɛyɛ nnipa 500 biara mu biako na wɔwɔ HCM. Eyi abu so sen yare te sɛ ``(Multiple Sclerosis)''. Enti, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi saa.

Mfe bɛn na HCM taa nya?

Mpɛn pii no, saa komayare yi da adi wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa mu, bɛyɛ mfe dunan anaa aduonu. Nanso, ebetumi afi ase wɔ mfe biara mu.

Sɛ mewɔ HCM a, so asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mɛnyinsɛn?

Ebia wubehia ayaresa titiriw te sɛ echocardiography a wɔyɛ no daa. Nanso, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ wubenya nyinsɛn a ɛfata na woawo sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo susuw eyi ho ansa na woanyinsɛn na woasusuw asiane ahorow a ɛwom no ho. Wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkyerɛ wo nnuru a wɔde sa HCM a wubetumi akɔ so anom bere a wonyinsɛn no. Ebia ɛho behia nso sɛ wode afiri a ɛma wo koma yɛ den anaa afiri a wɔde siw koma no mu a wotumi de hyɛ nipadua mu (ICD) hyehyɛ mu sɛ ɛho hia bere a wonyinsɛn no.

Dɛn na ɛde HCM ba?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi ama HCM aba:

• Awosu: Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛde ba. HCM yɛ yare a wobetumi anya afi awofo hɔ akɔ mmofra hɔ. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ sintɔ bi wɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛhwɛ koma ntini no su so no mu. Awosu mu nkwaadɔm ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde HCM ba. Sɛ awosu mu dɛmdi bi wɔ hɔ mpo a, ɛnyɛ abusua no mu biara na obenya yare no wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so. Ebia nnipa binom wɔ HCM awosu mu abɔde no nanso wonnya yare no da.
• Mogya mmoroso: Mogya mmoroso a atra hɔ akyɛ nso betumi de eyi aba.
• Mpanyinyɛ: Ebetumi aba sɛ tebea yi bɛba bere a worenyin no.
• Nsɛm a wonnim nea ɛde ba:Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wontumi nhu nea ɛde HCM ba pɔtee biara.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na obi a ɔwɔ HCM betumi anya?

Ebia nnipa binom a wɔwɔ HCM benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, bere a afoforo nso rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba ne:

• Koko mu yaw: Eyi taa ba bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaa wɔrebɔ mmɔden, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi aba bere a wogyina hɔ ara kwa anaasɛ bere a wɔadi adidi awie no.
• Ɔhome tiaa ne ɔbrɛ: Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi, titiriw bere a woabrɛ no, abu so wɔ mpanyimfo a wɔn mfe akɔ anim mu. Eyi fi nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro wɔ benkum so ahurututu ne ahurututu mu.
• Ɔtotɔ piti anaasɛ ɔtotɔ piti (syncope): Eyi betumi afi koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (arrhythmias) anaasɛ mogya ntini a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a ɛyɛ adwuma bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wontumi nhu nea ɛde ba biara.
• koma a ɛbɔ: Eyi betumi afi koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so, te sɛ atiridiinini a ɛyɛ den (atrial flutter) anaa ventricular tachycardia (ventricular tachycardia) na ɛde aba. Nnipa a wɔwɔ HCM no mu bɛyɛ 25% wɔ atrial fibrillation. Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ ne koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye no yɛ kɛse.
• Ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no ase anaa kɔn mu a ɛho ahonhon.

Akwahosan ho haw afoforo bɛn na ebetumi abata HCM ho?

Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ HCM no tra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ na wonni akwahosan ho haw kɛse biara. Ɛho nhia mpo sɛ ebinom nom nnuru. Nanso, sɛ wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne mpo a, ebia wo duruyɛfo betu wo fo sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu denneennen.

Nanso, nnipa binom a wɔwɔ HCM betumi anya komayare a ɛma wɔn nkwa nna yɛ tiaa anaasɛ ɛtew wɔn asetra so. Wɔn titiriw ne:

Koma a Ɛyɛ Den Mpofirim ne Koma a Owu Mpofirim

Koma a ɛtwetwe mpofirim yɛ koma no dwumadi a ɛyera mpofirim esiane koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm a asiane wom nti (e.g., Ventricular Tachycardia). Wɔ eyi mu no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara, te sɛ CPR ne defibrillation, bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne afi ase ara pɛ. Sɛ wɔamfa saa ayaresa yi amma yiye a, koma betumi awu mpofirim.

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ HCM no nni asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ koma betumi awu mpofirim no sua. Nanso, HCM ne ade titiriw a ɛma koma mu wuwu mpofirim wɔ nnipa a wonnii mfe 35. Ebia woate sɛ wɔde HCM nso abata agumadifo nkumaa bi a wɔyɛ adwumaden a wowuwu mpofirim no ho.

Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den

Esiane sɛ wowɔ `(Heart Failure)` nti ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wo koma "adi huammɔ" na agyae adwumayɛ. Ɛkyerɛ kɛkɛ sɛ wo koma ntumi nkɔ mogya yiye na ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye. `(Heart Failure)` ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi ne:

• Ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa.
• Ɔbrɛ a wɔte nka bere a woreyɛ nnam (ɔbrɛ).
• Asen, anan, ne yafunu a ɛho ahonhon.
• Ɛho hia sɛ ɔtow nsu anadwo bere a ɔregye n’ahome.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, ɛyɛ den sɛ wode w’adwene besi biribi so, ɔtotɔ piti.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo koma rebɔ ntɛmntɛm (pulpitations).
• Ɔfe a ɛyɛ nwunu a ɛyɛ hacking.
• Sɛ obi te nka sɛ ɔma ayɛ ma, ne ho bɛhoro, aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera, anaa ne yafunu mu yɛ no yaw.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu HCM? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Wogyina nea edidi so yi so hu HCM:

• Aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm: Wo duruyɛfo bebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu anya nyarewa a ɛte saa ara anaa.
• Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no betie wo koma ne w’ahurututu. Ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ HOCM bɛte koma nnyigyei a ɛnteɛ (koma mu nwiinwii).
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow: Echocardiogram (echo) ne sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde hu HCM. Eyi betumi aboa ma yɛahu sɛ koma no afasu ayɛ den anaa.

Sɔhwɛ afoforo wɔ hɔ:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) a wɔde hwɛ koma no.
• Koko so X-ray a wɔyɛ.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ adwennwen echo sɔhwɛ.
• Koma mu catheter a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) a wɔde yɛ adwuma.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa HCM?

Wo duruyɛfo begyina nneɛma a edidi so yi so asi ayaresa a ɛfata wo ho gyinae:

• So biribi asiw ɔkwan a mogya fa so fi koma no mu (outflow tract narrowing) no mu?
• Ɔkwan bɛn so na wo koma yɛ adwuma?
• Wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.
• Mfe a woadi ne sɛnea woyɛ nnam.
• So wowɔ koma a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (arrhythmias)?

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ ɛbɛtew sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so anaasɛ ebesiw ano na ɛbɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye ne komayare a ekum mpofirim no so.

Wobetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi sɛ ayaresa:

• Hu asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ mu na kɔ so kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
• Asetra kwan mu nsakrae.
• Nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru.
• Aduruyɛ mu akwan titiriw.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛhwehwɛ HCM mu?

Esiane sɛ HCM yɛ tebea a wobetumi de afi awo ntoatoaso so akɔ awo ntoatoaso so nti, sɛ w’awofo, wo nuanom, anaa wo mma no mu biako (i.e., w’abusuafo a odi kan) wɔ yare no a, ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛma wɔayɛ wo koma mu nhwehwɛmu denam Electrocardiogram (ECG) ne Echocardiogram (echo) so. Sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi da HCM ho sɛnkyerɛnne adi a, ɛho behia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ tebea yi mu (koma ho ɔyaresafo) nkyɛn.

Ɛtɔ da bi a, sɛ wowɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ HCM mpo a, ebia wo nhwehwɛmu no mu aba no bɛyɛ nea ɛfata. Sɛ saa a, nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ echo ne ECG mfe abiɛsa biara kosi sɛ wubedi mfe 30, na afei mfe anum biara.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse sɛ koma bewu mpofirim esiane HCM nti?

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ HCM no nni asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ koma betumi awu mpofirim no sua. Nanso, nnipa kakraa bi a wɔwɔ HCM no wɔ asiane a ɛkɔ soro. Ɛho hia sɛ wuhu sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi anaa. Wo duruyɛfo betumi aka nea wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so akyerɛ wo.

Nnipa a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wɔn koma bewuwu mpofirim esiane HCM nti ne:

• Nnipa a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa koma a ewu mpofirim ho.
• Nnipa a wɔanya syncope mpɛn pii wɔ wɔn mmeranteberem.
• Nnipa a mogya mmoroso nyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho.
• Nnipa a wɔadi kan anya koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so (arrhythmia).
• Wɔn a wɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den na wɔn koma ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.

Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ ankasa ho. Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma abien anaa nea ɛboro saa a ebetumi ama woawu mpofirim a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nnuru a ɛko tia koma a ɛbɔ (nnuru a ɛhwɛ koma a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so so) anaasɛ cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so atew.

Nnuru bɛn na wɔde di HCM ho dwuma?

Nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw nnuru ahorow a wɔde siw wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ano na wɔasiw nsɛnnennen foforo ano. Nnuru te sɛ ``Beta blockers`` ne ``calcium channel blockers`` ma koma ntini no dwo, na ɛboa ma mogya hyɛ mu ma na ɛbɔ mogya yiye. Nnuru afoforo betumi ahwɛ wo koma bɔ so anaasɛ ɛbɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ koma no bɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (arrhythmias) no so.

Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wonom nnuru bi, sɛ nhwɛso no, nitrates (a ɛma mogya mmoroso so tew) anaa digoxin (a ɛma ahoɔden a ɛma koma no twetwe no yɛ kɛse).

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia ebehia sɛ wonom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa na wudi ahwɛyiye afoforo akyi na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛde wo nkwa to asiane mu a wɔfrɛ no bacterial endocarditis no so atew.

Aduruyɛ mu akwan pɔtee bɛn na wɔfa so sa HCM?

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM), tebea bi a ɛma mogya ntumi nkɔ:

Septal Myectomy a Wɔyɛ no

Eyi yɛ oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ. Wɔ septal myectomy mu no, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no yi wo septal fasu a ayɛ den no fã ketewaa bi. Eyi trɛw ɔkwan a efi benkum so ahurututu no mu kɔ aorta no mu. Sɛ nnuru mmoa no nkutoo a, nnuruyɛfo susuw oprehyɛn yi ho. Eyi taa siesie mitral valve haw no.

Ethanol a Wɔde Yi Afiri Mu

Wɔsan frɛ eyi `(septal ablation)`. Wɔde saa kwan yi di dwuma ma nnipa a wontumi nyɛ `(septal myectomy)` oprehyɛn a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Wɔ eyi mu no, oduruyɛfo no hu ntini ketewaa bi a ɛma mogya kɔ wo septum no atifi. Afei ɔde balloon catheter bi hyɛ saa ntini no mu na ɔde mframa gu mu. Afei, ɔde aduru `(contrast agent)` gu mu de hwehwɛ beae pɔtee a septal ɔfasu a ayɛ den a ɛresiw mogya no kwan no wɔ.

Sɛ wohu beae no wie a, oduruyɛfo no de nsa kronkron kakraa bi fa catheter no mu gu mu. Nsã no kunkum nkwammoaa no, na wɔ asram kakraa a edi hɔ no mu no, septum no san twetwe kɔ ne kɛse a ɛfata no so. Eyi trɛw ɔkwan a mogya fa so sen no mu.

Afiri a Wɔde Ma Komam a Wɔde Sisi Mu (ICD) .

Cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) a wotumi de hyɛ nipadua mu no betumi aboa nnipa a wɔn koma no nyɛ den a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu anaasɛ wɔn koma no wuwu mpofirim. ICD yɛ afiri ketewaa bi a wɔde hyɛ wo honam ani. Wɔde nhama na ɛka wo koma ho. ICD no kɔ so hwɛ sɛnea wo koma bɔ denneennen. Sɛ ohu sɛ koma no bɔ ntɛmntɛm yiye a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so a, ɛde anyinam ahoɔden ketewaa bi nanso ano yɛ den kɔ koma no mu, na ɛma ɛbɔ sɛnea ɛsɛ bio. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛ ICD fata wo anaa.

Koma a Ɛnyɛ Yiye Ho Nnuruyɛ

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so di komayare ho dwuma, efi asetra mu nsakrae so kosi nnuru a ɛtew yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na ɛboa ma koma ntini no yɛ adwuma yiye so.

Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi ama m’asetra atu mpɔn wɔ HCM mu?

Sɛ́ ebia wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow anaasɛ wonni bi, sɛ́ ebia wɔahu sɛ wowɔ HCM, anaasɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama wo koma akwahosan akɔ so ayɛ nea eye sen biara:

• To nsu ne nkyene (sodium) ano hye: Sɛ wowɔ komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ebia ebehia sɛ woto nsu a wonom ne nkyene a wonom no ano hye. Bisa wo duruyɛfo ma ɔmma wo akwankyerɛ pɔtee a ɛfa w’aduan ho, a nsa ne caffeine ka ho.
• Fa ahwɛyiye teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu: Wo duruyɛfo bɛka apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛfata wo ho asɛm akyerɛ wo. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ HCM tumi yɛ aerobic dwumadi ahorow a ɛnyɛ akansi. Nnuruyɛfo nkamfo nneɛma a emu yɛ duru a wɔma so anaa agumadi a emu yɛ den nkyerɛ.
• Kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa: Sɛ wowɔ HCM a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo koma ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn daa hwɛ wo tebea no.
• Tew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya ɔyareɛ no so: Sɛ wowɔ HCM a, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛtu wo fo sɛ yɛ anammɔn bi mfa tew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛnya ɔyareɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no ``infective endocarditis'' so.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya Infective Endocarditis no so?

Nnipa a wɔwɔ HCM no taa nya ɔyare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ no ``bacterial endocarditis'' anaa ``infective endocarditis''.

Bacterial endocarditis yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba wo koma ntini anaa wo koma no mu (endocardium). Ɛba bere a mmoawa (titiriw mmoawa, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a fungi ne mmoawa nketenkete afoforo) hyɛn wo mogya mu na wɔtow hyɛ wo koma anaa ntini a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no so no. Eyi betumi ama valve ahorow no ayɛ den, ayɛ ntokuru, anaasɛ ayɛ akuru. Eyi taa ma koma no mu ntini a ɛretu. Sɛ wɔansa no yiye a, ebetumi akum obi.

Wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma yi de atew asiane yi so:

• Hwɛ wo sẽ ne wo sẽ yiye: Kɔ wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn asram asia biara, hohoro wo sẽ da biara, fa nhama gu wo sẽ mu, na hwɛ sɛ wo sẽ aduru no hyia yiye anaa.
• Sɛ wowɔ ɔyare bi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn:
• Atiridiinini a ɛboro digrii Fahrenheit 100, fifiri, anaa awɔw.
• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Ɛyaw, akisikuru, kɔkɔɔ, anaa ɔfe.
• Kuru anaa ntwitwiridii a ɛnsa, anaa kuru a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ hyew, na akisikuru a ɛretu.
• Menewa a ɛyɛ yaw, menewa a ɛyɛ den, anaa ɛyaw bere a ɔremene no.
• Nsu a ɛba sinus mu, hwene mu a ɛyɛ den, tiyɛ, anaa ɛyaw a ɛba hwene a ɛwɔ soro no ho.
• Ɔfe a ɛyɛ nwunu anaasɛ ɛyɛ phlegmy a ɛtra hɔ bɛboro nna abien.
• Nsonsonoe fitaa a ɛwɔ ano anaa tɛkrɛma mu.
• Akisikuru, ɔfe, anaa akisikuru.

Mma nntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ ayaresa. Atiridiinini ne atiridiinini mma endocarditis. Nanso, nyarewa afoforo a ɛwɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara betumi ama obi anya komayare. Enti, nya ahobammɔ na kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.

• Fa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde siw ano ansa na woayɛ aduruyɛ ne sẽ ho ayaresa ahorow bi. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa, dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa, ne akwan horow a ɛsɛ sɛ wofa no ho.
• Fa krataa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya komayare a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba wɔ Amerika Koma Fekuw no hɔ sie.

Awiei koraa no, eyi ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woka (Take-Home Message) .

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ HCM no tra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ, na anigye wom. Ayaresa ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wobetumi de adi dwuma ama wɔn a wɔwɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaa wɔn a wɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den. Wo nkɔmhyɛ gyina sɛnea wo koma ntini no reyɛ adwuma yiye, nea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te, ne sɛnea woyɛ w’ade yiye wɔ w’ayaresa nhyehyɛe no ho na wudi akyi so.

Bisa wo duruyɛfo no asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ wo mu ne nea wubetumi ayɛ de ama w’asetra atu mpɔn na woasiw nyarewa ano. Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ HCM na wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaasɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ ɔyare bi a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Kae sɛ wubetumi de tebea yi abɔ bra pa!

`Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM, komayare, koma a ɛyɛ kɛse, koko mu yaw, ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa, koma mu owu mpofirim