So wo nso wowɔ ɔfe a ɛyɛ kusuu a ɛkɔ so daa na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome? Ebetumi ayɛ Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)!

So ɛyɛ den ma wo nso sɛ wobɛhome bere a woabrɛ kakra, bere a woforo antweri bi no? So ɛtɔ mmere bi a wunya ɔfe a ɛkɔ so yɛ kusuu a nsunsu nni mu a ntease biara nnim? Yɛn werɛ taa fi sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi yɛ ɔbrɛ a ɛfata anaasɛ akisikuru ketewaa bi kɛkɛ. Nanso, ebetumi ayɛ nsakrae a anibere wom a ɛrekɔ so wɔ yɛn ahurututu mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa biako ho asɛm, Interstitial Lung Disease, anaa ILD tiawa.

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)?

Susuw yɛn ahurututu ho sɛ sponge abien a mframa nketenkete ɔpepem pii ahyɛ mu ma. Wɔfrɛ mframa kotoku nketenkete yi alveoli . Sɛ yɛhome a, mframa pa a yɛgye no nam mframa nkotoku yi so de ka yɛn mogya ho. Na carbon dioxide a wɔmpɛ a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no nso fa mframa kotoku yi mu san fi adi.

Afei, mframa kotoku yi ntam, te sɛ atɛkyɛ a ɛwɔ birikisi a ɛwɔ birikisi ɔfasu mu ntam no, ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ nhama bi wɔ hɔ. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no interstitium . Wɔ ILD mu no, saa ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi sɛe, anaasɛ sɛ yɛbɛka no yiye a, ɛsɛe, na nkakrankakra ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ den, na akuru (fibrosis) ba.

Sɛ ahurututu mu ntini no yɛ den wɔ saa kwan yi so a, mframa pa a efi mframa kotoku mu kɔ mogya no mu no siw. Ne saa nti, yɛn nipadua no nnya mframa pa dodow a ehia. Eyi ne ade titiriw a ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ne ɔbrɛ ba.

ILD nyɛ yare biako pɛ. Tebea horow bɛboro 200 na wɔakyekyɛ mu wɔ saa din yi ase. Ade a ɛtaa ba wɔn nyinaa mu ne ahurututu no ntam ntini a ɛsɛe.

Dɛn ne obi a ɔwɔ ILD ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ebia ILD ho sɛnkyerɛnne no renyɛ den koraa mfiase no. Nanso, bere kɔ so, wɔ asram anaa mfe pii mu no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi kɔ soro nkakrankakra. Eyinom ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a nnipa dodow no ara nya.

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ ILD. Nanso mmu w’ani ngu wɔn nso so. Ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn , titiriw sɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw na wofefe a ɛyɛ kusuu a akɔ so asram pii a .

Dɛn nti na yare a ɛte sɛɛ ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ nneɛma a ɛde ILD ba no mu abien: nneɛma a wonim sɛ ɛde ba ne nea wonnim/ɛyɛ ayayade .

1. Nneɛma a Wonim sɛ Ɛde Ba

Eyi kyerɛ sɛ yebetumi aka no pen sɛ, "Eyi ne nea ɛde yare yi bae."

• Autoimmune anaa Connective Tissue Diseases: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi ase tow hyɛ yɛn nipadua mu ntini a ɛte apɔw no so. Nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) , Lupus , ne Scleroderma wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya ILD.
• Adwuma ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia: Mfutuma nketenkete a yɛhome no bi betumi asɛe ahurututu no bere tenten.
• Silica mfutuma: Wɔde ma wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a wotu abo, mmeae a wotu fam, ne adwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔyɛ dɔte.
• Asbestos nhama a wɔde yɛ nneɛma:Wɔn a wobubu adan dedaw, yɛ adwuma wɔ po so hyɛn adwuma mu, na wɔde breki a wɔde hyɛ kar ahorow bi mu yɛ adwuma no fam.
• Aburow mu mfutuma, sare, nnomaa nsu: Tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis a ebetumi aba nnipa a wɔyɛ kua anaa wɔyɛn mmoa so.
• Nkuku ne Nwansena: Wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini na mframa ntumi nkɔ mu no.
• Nnuru ne ayaresa ahorow bi:
• Nnuru te sɛ amiodarone, a wɔde sa komayare ahorow bi.
• Nnuru bi a wɔde ko tia kokoram (Chemotherapy nnuru) .
• Mframa a wɔde sa nufu anaa ahurututu mu kokoram.
• Nyarewa bi: Ahurututu mu akuru betumi aba bere a wɔanya nyarewa a emu yɛ den te sɛ nsamanwaw ne ahurututu mu yare mpo akyi .

2. Nneɛma a wontumi nhu (Idiopathic) .

Mpɛn pii no, wontumi nhu nea ɛde ILD ba pɔtee biara. Ɔyarefo no nni yare foforo biara anaasɛ ɔde ne ho hyɛ biribi a epira mu, nanso ahurututu mu ntini no wɔ akuru. Yɛfrɛ nsɛm yi idiopathic , a ɛkyerɛ "nea wonnim nea ɛde ba."

Eyinom mu nea abu so na emu yɛ den sen biara ne Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) .

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya ILD?

Ɛwom sɛ obiara betumi anya ILD de, nanso nnipa binom taa nya bi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo no hu yare yi?

Sɛ wuhu oduruyɛfo bi a ɔwɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wokae wɔ atifi hɔ no a, ɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii de ahu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ.

1. Wobɛbisa wo wo yareɛ ho nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ ho asɛm: Nea ɛdi kan no, wɔbɛbisa wo wo yareɛ no ho nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ, da a ɛfirii aseɛ, berɛ a ɛyɛɛ den, ne nea ɛkeka ho Wɔbɛbisa w’adwuma nso ho asɛm, sɛ ebia obi wɔ w’abusua mu anya nyarewa a ɛte saa ara, ne nnuru foforɔ bɛn na worenom.

2. Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Oduruyɛfo no de afiri a wɔde tie asɛm bɛto wo moma so na watie nnyigyei a woyɛ bere a worehome no. Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ ILD te "crackles" wɔ wɔn ahurututu mu, te sɛ Velcro a wɔayi afi hɔ .

3. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT): Wɔ sɔhwɛ yi mu no, wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ fa afiri bi a wɔde abɔ afiri ho no home na firi mu. Saa sɔhwɛ yi susuw mframa dodow a w’ahurututu betumi akura mu ne sɛnea wubetumi ayi afi mu ntɛmntɛm. Wɔ ILD mu no, ahurututu mu tumi so tew.

4. Mfoninitwa Sɔhwɛ ahorow:

• Chest X-ray: Chest X-ray betumi ama woahu sɛ ebia akuru bi wɔ ahurututu no mu anaa.
• High-Resolution CT (HRCT) Scan: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara a wɔde hu ILD. Ebetumi ayɛ mfonini a emu da hɔ na ɛkɔ akyiri sen CT scan a wɔyɛ no daa. Ebetumi akyerɛ sɛnea akuru a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu no te ne sɛnea atrɛw (nsusuwii te sɛ "ɛwo a wɔde hyɛ").

5. Mogya mu Nhwehwɛmu: Wɔsɔ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu de hu ayaresa tebea afoforo te sɛ nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.

6. Bronchoscopy: Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔde afiri teateaa bi a mfoninitwa afiri abata ho no fa hwene anaa ano no mu kɔ ahurututu no mu, na wɔhwehwɛ mu na wɔfa ntini bi (biopsy).

7. .Oprehyɛn mu Biopsy: Sɛ atifi hɔ nhwehwɛmu ahorow no ntumi nyɛ yiye a, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn ketewaa bi de yi ntini ketewaa bi fi ahurututu no mu de yɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa ILD?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, mprempren wonni aduru biara a wɔde sa ILD, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wonni aduru biara a wɔde sa akuru a ɛba ahurututu mu no. Nanso, ayaresa pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma woadi yare no nkɔso so, atew yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so, na ama w’asetra atu mpɔn. Ayaresa no gyina ILD ko a wowɔ, sɛnea yare no mu yɛ den, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa so.

Akwan titiriw a wɔfa so sa yare no bi ni:

• Nnuru a Wɔde Yɛ:
• Corticosteroids: Nnuru te sɛ Prednisolone brɛ ahurututu mu ɔfe ase.
• Nnuru a ɛko tia fibrotic: Nnuru te sɛ Pirfenidone ne Nintedanib betumi ama ahurututu mu akuru no ayɛ brɛoo. Wɔde eyinom ma ayarefo a wɔwɔ IPF titiriw.
• Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa: Wɔma nnipa a wɔwɔ ILD esiane nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa nti no nnuru a ɛtew nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no dwumadi so.
• Oxygen Ayaresa: Wɔ nnipa a mogya mu oxygen dodow sua fam no, wɔde oxygen foforo ma denam hwene mu afiri anaa anim akataso so. Eyi betumi aboa ma ahome a ɛyɛ tiaa ne ɔbrɛ so atew.
• Ahurututu mu Nsiesiei: Eyi te sɛ ‘apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ’ a wɔde ma ahurututu no. Kuw bi a wɔatete wɔn titiriw bɛma wo apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne aduannuru ho afotu. Eyi bɛma w’ahoɔden ayɛ kɛse na aboa wo ma woatra ase ne wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no.
• Ahurututu a Wɔde Ma: Wɔ wɔn a wɔn yare no mu yɛ den yiye na wontumi mfa ayaresa foforo biara nsiw ano no fam no, ɔkwan a etwa to ne sɛ wɔde ahurututu a ɛte apɔw bɛma obi foforo.

Dɛn na metumi ayɛ bere a me ne ILD te no?

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte awerɛhow ne ehu nka bere a wɔahu sɛ wowɔ ILD no. Nanso, sɛ woyɛ nsakrae nketenkete wɔ w’asetra kwan mu na wudi wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi a, wubetumi de yare yi abɔ bra pa.

• Kwati sigaretnom koraa: Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom sigaret a, ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ne sɛ wubegyae sigaretnom nnɛ.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom: Sɛ wudi aduan a ɛkari pɛ a, ɛboa ma nipadua no ahoɔden kɔ so tra hɔ.
• Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa:Bisa wo duruyɛfo na fa wo ho hyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu nyɛ den a ɛfata wo mu. Biribi te sɛ nantew mpo boro nea ɛdɔɔso so.
• Nya ahomegye: Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛma nipadua no ahomegye a ehia.
• Bɔ wo ho ban fi nyarewa ho: Hyɛ w’anim akataso bere a worekɔ mmeae a nnipa ahyɛ hɔ ma no, hohoro wo nsa mpɛn pii, na wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa ahurututu mu yare ne atiridiinini ho nnuru a wobɛma ho.
• Susuw w’adwuma ho: Sɛ w’adwuma hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛhome nneɛma a epira w’ahurututu mu a, ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wususuw ho sɛ wobɛfa akwan a ahobammɔ wom so anaasɛ wobɛsesa adwuma.