So woate koma no anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe ho asɛm pɛn? Yɛn koma yɛ adwuma te sɛ afiri ketewaa bi. Ɛwɔ anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe, a ɛhwɛ sɛnea koma bɔ no so. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nsakrae nketenkete betumi aba anyinam ahoɔden nhyehyɛe yi mu. Wɔfrɛ nsakrae a ɛte saa no biako Long QT Syndrome, anaa `(Long QT Syndrome - LQTS)`. Mma ɛnhaw wo, momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa.
Dɛn ne Long QT Syndrome? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...
Fa no sɛ bere a wo koma abɔ pɛnkoro akyi no, egye "ahomegye" kakra ansa na atumi abɔ bio, te sɛ batere a ɛrebɔ bio. Bere a egye na "ahome" anaasɛ recharge no kyɛ kakra sen sɛnea ɛte daa, a ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no long QT syndrome.
Sɛ woayɛ ECG, a ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛhwɛ anyinam ahoɔden a ɛwɔ koma no mu a, ne fã bi wɔ hɔ a wɔfrɛ no QT ntamgyinafo. Eyi kyerɛ bere tenten a egye ansa na wo koma no ase adan a wɔfrɛ no ventricles no twetwe na afei agye n’ahome, anaasɛ "recharge" sɛnea mekae no.
Yɛn koma mu anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi no, nneɛma nketenkete a anyinam ahoɔden wom a wɔfrɛ no `ions` na ɛboa. Ion ahorow te sɛ sodium, calcium, potassium, ne chloride na ɛboa ma eyi ba. Saa ions yi nam akwan titiriw bi a wɔfrɛ no `ion channels` so kɔ koma nkwammoaa no mu na efi mu ba. Afei, wɔ saa `(Long QT Syndrome)` yi mu no, ɔhaw bi wɔ saa ion akwan yi ho, anaasɛ enni hɔ. Afei koma no kyɛ wɔ "recharging" mu. Sɛ QT ntam kwan no kyɛ a, asiane a ɛkɔ soro wɔ koma a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm a ɛyɛ hu a wɔfrɛ no `Torsades de Pointes`, a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.
So Long QT Syndrome ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ. Baako yɛ agyapade , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnam awosu mu nkwaadɔm so de ma. Ɔfoforo no yɛ nea wonya , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nneɛma afoforo te sɛ nnuru bi na ɛde ba.
Nneɛma ahorow a wonya fi awo mu:
Eyinom fi awosu mu sintɔ ahorow a ɛwɔ `ion akwan` a mekaa ho asɛm no mu titiriw.
- Ion channel abnormalities: Eyi ne ɔkwan a ɛtaa ba. Nneɛma ahorow pii wɔ hɔ te sɛ `LQT1, LQT2, LQT3, LQT4, LQT5`. Wɔkyekyɛ eyinom mu sɛnea ion kwan ko a ɛka ho no te. Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare daakye no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina nea ɛte so.
- Jervell ne Lange-Nielsen Syndrome: Wɔ tebea yi mu no, awofo baanu no nyinaa tumi kura awosu mu abɔde a ɛnteɛ no, nanso ebia wɔrennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Esiane sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛbɛyɛ yiye sɛ awofo baanu no nyinaa bɛkura awosu mu abɔde no nti, abofra biara wɔ hokwan 25% sɛ obenya bi. Ebia wɔbɛwo nnipa a wɔwɔ saa yare yi sɛ asotifo.
- Romano-Ward Nyarewa a Ɛyare:Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, ɔwofo biako taa nya ``Long QT Syndrome'' na ɔfoforo no nni bi. Abofra biara wɔ hokwan 50% sɛ obenya saa awosu mu abɔde a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so yi. Wɔ eyi mu no, asɛm a wɔte yɛ ade a ɛfata.
- Timothy Syndrome: Eyi nso yɛ nea ɛntaa nsi koraa. Ɛnyɛ koma no nko na ebetumi aka, na mmom nipadua no afã afoforo nso.
Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?
Long QT Syndrome yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi ankasa . Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States no, wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa 2,000 biara mu bɛyɛ biako na ɔwɔ saa yare yi.
Dɛn ne Long QT Syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Eyinom ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wɔtaa hu:
- Syncope: Nhumu a ɛyera mpofirim.
- Akisikuru: Nnipa binom betumi anya akisikuru.
- Koma a ɛyɛ den: Eyi yɛ asiane kɛse.
- Owu a ɛba mpofirim:
Saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi ba bere a koma mu nnyigyei a ɛyɛ hu a wɔfrɛ no `Torsades de Pointes` a madi kan aka ho asɛm no ba no. Saa bere yi de, koma no ntumi mfa mogya nkɔ yiye. Sɛ amemene no nnya mogya a ɛdɔɔso a, nneɛma te sɛ akisikuru ne akisikuru ba. Sɛ ɔhaw yi kɔ so a, owu mpofirim betumi aba. Nanso, sɛ koma no bɔ san ba sɛnea na ɛte kan no a, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no gyae.
Ɛda adi kɛse sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bɛda adi bere a:
- Bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ (anaasɛ simma kakraa bi wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ akyi).
- Bere a nkate mu nkanyan a emu yɛ den , titiriw bere a ehu aka wo mpofirim anaasɛ ne ho adwiriw no no.
- Bere a wɔada anaasɛ bere a wɔrenyane mpofirim no .
Nea ɛho hia no, ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ Long QT Syndrome no mu bɛyɛ 50% nnya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara da . Na, wɔ bɛyɛ nnipa du biara mu biako fam no, koma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne tebea no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan. Sɛ wɔansa eyi ntɛm a, ebetumi akum obi.
Mpɛn pii no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne fi ase wɔ mpanyin afe so mfiase . Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ebetumi asan aba bio. Ɛda adi kɛse sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bɛda adi ansa na wɔadi mfe 30. Nanso, nnipa binom betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne wɔ wɔn mfe 50 ne akyi.
Dɛn na ɛde Long QT Syndrome ba?
Sɛnea madi kan aka no, wobetumi anya eyi afi w’awofo hɔ (wofi awosu mu) anaasɛ wubenya esiane nnuru bi nti . Wɔ Long QT Syndrome mu no, biribi a ɛnteɛ wɔ gene code a ɛwɔ wo ion akwan no mu. Saa ion akwan a ɛnteɛ yi ma wo koma bɔ no kyɛ. Eyi betumi ama obi ayɛ basaa a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu.
Nnuru binom betumi ama ``Long QT Syndrome'' aba nnipa a wɔwɔ su pɔtee bi a ɛfa wɔn ion akwan ho. Ebia wonnim mpo, nanso ɛyɛ bere a wɔnom saa nnuru no na ``Long QT'' ba.
Nnuru a ebetumi ama obi anya acquired long QT syndrome:
- Ebinom `Antiarrhythmics` (nnuru a wɔde sa koma mu yare) .
- Nnuru bi a wɔde kum adwenemhaw
- Diuretics (nnuru a ɛma wotɔ wo ho kɛse) bi .
- Nnuru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa
- Nnuru a esiw serotonin receptor ano anaasɛ ɛko tia
- Nnuru a ɛko tia histamine agyefo
Nneɛma afoforo a ɛde acquired long QT syndrome ba:
- Awuduru ahorow bi
- Anorexia nervosa (adwene mu yare a ɛfa anorexia ho) .
- Ebinom `bradyarrhythmias` (koma a ɛbɔ brɛoo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so) .
- Calcium, magnesium, anaa potassium a ɛba nipadua no mu a ɛba fam
- Wo ntini ahorow a wopira
Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya saa tebea yi?
Nnipa a wodi so yi wɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya ``Long QT Syndrome``:
- Wɔ mmofra a wɔyɛ asotifo fi awo mu.
- Mmofra ne mmerante ne mmabaa a wɔwɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa owu mpofirim a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu anaasɛ wɔatotɔ piti (syncope).
- Wɔ mogya abusuafo a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome`` ho.
- Wɔn a wɔwɔ `Cardiomyopathy` (koma ntini mu yare) anaa komayare a wɔde awo wɔn.
- Wɔn a electrolytes bi a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu sua esiane aduruyɛ tebea foforo nti no fam no.
- Wɔn a wɔnom nnuru a ɛka ion akwan a ɛwɔ koma no mu no.
So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me nso nhwehwɛmu sɛ Long QT Syndrome anaa?
Long QT Syndrome yɛ awosu mu tebea a wotumi de fi awo ntoatoaso so kɔ awo ntoatoaso so. Sɛ w’abusuafo a wodi kan no mu biako (awofo, anuanom, mmofra) wɔ Long QT Syndrome a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo awosu mu nhwehwɛmu .
Ɛsɛ sɛ abusuafo a wodi kan (anuanom, awofo, ne mmofra) nyinaa yɛ ECG. Ɛho hia nso sɛ obiara a n’abusua abakɔsɛm ayɛ akisikuru anaasɛ ɔtotɔ piti no yɛ nhwehwɛmu yi.
Ade a edi kan a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛma wo duruyɛfo ahu sɛ w’abusua wɔ saa tebea yi. Ɛda adi sɛ ɔbɛyɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛho hia de ahwɛ wo koma. Sɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow no si so dua sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ koma ho oduruyɛfo a onim Long QT Syndrome yiye nkyɛn.
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ Long QT Syndrome mu?
``Long QT Syndrome`` betumi de arrhythmia a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu ``Torsades de Pointes`` a mekaa ho asɛm no aba. Eyi betumi ama obi awu mpofirim mpo.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Long QT Syndrome?
Nnuruyɛfo betumi de ECG nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den ahu Long QT Syndrome. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu tebea no, wɔsusuw QT ntam wɔ ECG no so. Sɛ wo QT ntam kwan ware boro milisekɔn 450 a, ebia wowɔ Long QT Syndrome.
Wo duruyɛfo bebisa wo nneɛma yi ho asɛm:
- So abusua abakɔsɛm bi wɔ hɔ a ɛfa ``Long QT Syndrome'' ho?
- So abusua abakɔsɛm bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔatotɔ piti, akisikuru, anaa koma atɔ piti a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu?
- So woatotɔ piti, wo ho atɔ wo, anaa wo koma atɔ wo pɛn, titiriw bere a woreteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu?
Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na wɔde hu Long QT Syndrome?
Wɔ ECG akyi no, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi nso:
- Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu.
- Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ adwennwen sɔhwɛ.
- Ambulatory monitor: Eyi hwɛ wo koma dwumadi nna pii.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa Long QT Syndrome?
Nnuru, mfiri, anaa oprehyɛn ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na wɔasiw owu mpofirim ano wɔ Long QT Syndrome ho. Bere a saa ayaresa ahorow yi ntumi nsa yare no koraa no, ebetumi abɔ wo ho ban afi koma a ɛbɔ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so no ho.
Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma
Nnipa pii a wɔwɔ Long QT Syndrome (wɔn a wonni sɛnkyerɛnne biara mpo) nom beta-blocker te sɛ nadolol. Nnuru afoforo betumi ama wo QT ntam kwan ayɛ tiaa anaasɛ ɛbɛma wo electrolyte dodow atu mpɔn. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo nnuru a eye ma wo.
Mfiri a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Ayarefoɔ binom a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome'' nso betumi ahia mfiri te sɛ yeinom:
- Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Wobetumi de implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) ahyɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔn koma ayɛ basaa anaasɛ wɔda so ara wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne biara ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔde beta-blocker sa wɔn yare no mu. Saa mfiri yi hu sɛ obi ntumi nkɔ koma no mu a ɛde ne nkwa to asiane mu na ɛde ahodwiriw ba koma no mu ara kwa na amma owu mpofirim.
- Pacemaker: Saa afiri yi boa nnipa a wɔn koma bɔ brɛoo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so.
Sɛɛgyiri
Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ ayarefo binom a wɔwɔ Long QT Syndrome no Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation (LCSD) anaa sympathectomy. Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛnyɛ den pii a woyi ntini ahorow bi a ɛwɔ wo tema ntini mu no fi hɔ.
Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen/nsunsuanso bɔne a efi ayaresa mu ba?
Nsunsuanso bɔne anaa nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba no gyina ayaresa ko a wɔde ma wo no so.
- Beta-blocker a wɔde siw ano:
- Mogya mmoroso a ɛba fam.
- Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa.
- Tipaeɛ .
- Ɔbrɛ.
- ICD (Afiri a Wɔde Sisi Koma Mu Aduru a Wɔde Sisi Mu):
- Mfomso ahorow a ɛwɔ mfiri no so.
- Ahurututu a abubu.
- Mogya a ɛretu.
- Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba.
- Nneɛma a ɛma koma no bɔ:
- Ahurututu a abubu.
- Mogya a ɛretu.
- Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba.
- Mfomso ahorow a ɛwɔ mfiri no so.
- LCSD (Benkum Koma mu Tem Ntini a Wɔde Tew Ntini Mu Oprehyɛn):
- Horner yare a ɛma obi nya ɔyare no.
- Ahurututu a abubu.
- Anim a ɛyɛ frɔmfrɔm anaasɛ fifiri a ɛba.
So wobetumi asiw Long QT Syndrome ano?
Sɛ wunya fi w’awofo hɔ a, wuntumi nsiw ano. Nanso, wɔ wɔn a wonnya bi no fam no, wubetumi asiw tebea horow a ɛde acquired (long QT syndrome) ba akyiri yi no ano. Sɛ nhwɛso no, hwɛ yiye wɔ nnuru bi ho.
Sɛ mewɔ Long QT Syndrome a, dɛn na ɛba?
Sɛ wɔde ayaresa a ɛfata di dwuma a , nnipa a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome`` a wowuwu no bɛyɛ 1%. Sɛ wɔannya ayaresa a, tebea no yɛ hu. Nnipa a wɔwɔ yareɛ no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a wɔnnya ayaresa no mu bɛyɛ 21% wuwu wɔ afe baako mu wɔ berɛ a adwenemhaw no hyɛɛ aseɛ no.
Nanso kae sɛ, nnipa a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome'' betumi atra ase a edi mũ . Wotumi nyinsɛn na wɔwo mma.
Long QT Syndrome no di bere tenten ahe?
Inherited Long QT Syndrome yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Nanso, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obenya nsɛnnennen no so betumi atew bere a bere kɔ so no.
Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?
Long QT Syndrome betumi aka wo da biara da asetra mu nneɛma pii. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ansa na woayɛ nneɛma bi.
Dede ne adwennwen
Ebia dede a ano yɛ den mpofirim anaa nkate fam nhyɛso bɛka nnipa binom a wɔwɔ Long QT Syndrome. Bere a wuntumi nni dede ne adwennwen a atwa wo ho ahyia no nyinaa so no, wubetumi abɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛto ano hye.
- Ka kyerɛ wo nnamfo ne w’abusuafo sɛ ɛnyɛ nea asiane biara nni ho sɛ wobɛkanyan wo mpofirim.
- Sɛ́ anka wobɛma alarm a ano yɛ den a ɛbɔ prɛko pɛ no, fa alarm a ɛwɔ nnyigyei a ɛyɛ dɛ di dwuma.
- Tew nneɛma a ano yɛ den a ebetumi ama wo ho adwiriw wo no nne so.
Dwumadie
Long QT Syndrome ahorow bi taa de ɔhaw ahorow ba wɔ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ mu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo dwumadi ahorow a ɛfata wo, a egyina awosu mu abɔde a ɛnteɛ a wowɔ so. Esiane sɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ betumi ama apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛnyɛ den a edi awu nti, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa ansa na woasi gyinae sɛ wobɛbɔ akansi agumadi. Sɛ wusi gyinae sɛ wobɛbɔ agumadi a, ebia ebehia sɛ woyɛ ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe bi.
Asuguare betumi ayɛ asiane ama nnipa binom a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome''. Sɛ wototɔ piti bere a woreguare a, wubetumi akɔ nsu mu.
Nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru
Nnuru pii betumi ama QT ntam kwan no akyɛ. Saa nnuru yi betumi aka nnipa a wɔwɔ ``Long QT Syndrome`` asen wɔn a wonni bi no. Sɛ wowɔ ``Long QT Syndrome`` a, ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ nea edidi so yi:
- Ka kyerɛ wo nnuruyɛfo nyinaa sɛ wowɔ ``Long QT Syndrome''.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ansa na woanom aduru biara a wɔakyerɛw ama wo ama ayaresa tebea afoforo.
- Kwati sɛ wobɛnom nnuru a wɔtɔn (OTC) (gye aspirin anaa paracetamol a ɛnyɛ den) a wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa.
Sɛ wowɔ ``Long QT Syndrome'' a, nnuru ahorow yi betumi aka wo:
- Antihistamines (nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru) .
- Nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw (nnuru a wɔde sa adwenemhaw) .
- Nnuru a wɔde sa adwenemyare
- Nnuru a wɔde sa komayare
- `Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa`
- Nnuru a ɛko tia fungal
- `Nnuru a wɔde ko tia ɔyare mmoawa`
- Nnuru a wɔde sa dwensɔtwaa mu nyarewa
- Nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru
- Diuretics (nnuru a ɛma obi tow nsu kɛse) .
- Nnuru a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso
- Nnuru a wɔde sa atiridiinini
- Nnuru a ɛma mogya mu srade so tew
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ me duruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bere a woafi ase anya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ne anyɛ yiye koraa no pɛnkoro afe biara wɔ ɛno akyi. Electrophysiologist ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara.
Sɛ wo ba no wɔ ``Long QT Syndrome'' a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfoɔ nkyɛn bɛboro pɛnkoro afe biara de hwɛ sɛ wɔrenya nnuru dodoɔ a ɛfata ma wɔn mu duru a ɛwɔ hɔ seesei.
Sɛ wode afiri bi ahyɛ wo mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn pɛnkoro afe biara na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛreyɛ adwuma yiye.
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ Emergency Department (ETU) ?
Obi a ne koma ayɛ basaa hia ayaresa ntɛm ara . Ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔbɛn wo fi ase CPR (koma mu ahoɔden a wɔde ma) na ɔfrɛ 911 (anaasɛ wo mpɔtam hɔ nɔma a egye ntɛmpɛ).
Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?
Nsɛm bi a wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo:
- ``Long QT Syndrome'' bɛn na mewɔ?
- Ayaresa pɔtee bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ me?
- Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mihu wo?
- Nnuru ne dwumadi bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekwati wɔ me ``Long QT Syndrome'' pɔtee no ho?
Awiei koraa no, Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte dadwen nka bere a wuhu sɛ wowɔ komayare no. Nanso nsɛm a wubebisa wo duruyɛfo, na sɛ ɛho hia a, wo ne ɔfotufo bi kasa a, ebetumi aboa wo ma wo ho atɔ wo. Ɛho hia sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi, nom wo nnuru no bere ano, na wudi bere a woahyɛ da ayɛ no so.
Ebetumi nso ayɛ ahotɔ sɛ wobɛma w’abusua ne wo nnamfo ahu sɛ wowɔ Long QT Syndrome. Sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bere a wɔka wo ho a, wobetumi afrɛ mmoa a egye ntɛmpɛ. Nea eye sen saa mpo no, sɛ wonim sɛnea wɔyɛ CPR a, ebetumi agye wo nkwa. Mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wohwɛ so yiye a, wo nso wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom.
` QT Syndrome tenten, LQTS, komayare, QT ntamgyinafo, koma a ɛbɔ, koma a ɛnyɛ den, awosu mu nyarewa











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